Assisted Reproduction Techniques: Challenges and Management Options

Assisted reproduction techniques (ART), in particular in-vitro fertilization and intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection, are the most advanced forms of infertility treatment. They involve numerous counseling, medical, surgical and laboratory-based steps. At each step various problems and complications could be encountered that challenge even the most experienced ART practitioners. Moreover, patients with complex medical disorders may require ART, presenting further challenges.

Assisted Reproduction Techniques will stimulate resourceful thinking in the ART practitioner when faced with these challenges. It outlines various management options, the reasoning behind them, and the evidence on which they are based to enable the practitioner to choose the most suitable solution for the needs of each patient.

Written by 122 internationally renowned experts, Assisted Reproduction Techniques follows the patient's journey throughout the whole ART process, with chapters on:

• Counseling and preparation
• Ovarian stimulation
• Oocyte retrieval
• Embryo transfer
• The luteal phase
• The ART laboratory
• The male patient
• The ART pregnancy

Each of the 100 concise chapters includes clinical cases, background, evidence-based practical management options, preventive measures and key-point summaries of the important details.

Assisted Reproduction Techniques gives a wide-ranging practical guide to all those wishing to support couples who cannot conceive naturally.Content:
Chapter 1 Risk of Cancer from Ovarian Stimulation (pages 1–6): Nikos Kanakas, Miltiadis Pitsos and Themis Mantzavinos
Chapter 2 Risk of Early Menopause following IVF Treatment (pages 7–8): Sesh Kamal Sunkara
Chapter 3 The HIV Positive Female (pages 9–12): Joshua U. Klein and Mark V. Sauer
Chapter 4 The HIV Positive Male (pages 13–16): Mark V. Sauer and Joshua U. Klein
Chapter 5 The Hepatitis B/C Carrier Patient (pages 17–20): Suzanne P. M. Lutgens, I. H. M. Van Loo, E. C. M. Nelissen and G. A. J. Dunselman
Chapter 6 The Patient with Cystic Fibrosis (pages 21–24): Tarek El?Toukhy
Chapter 7 The Patient on Medication (pages 25–28): Arri Coomarasamy
Chapter 8 The Patient with Thrombophilia (pages 29–33): Ying C. Cheong and N. S. Macklon
Chapter 9 The Patient with Autoimmune Disorders (pages 34–37): Jose Bellver
Chapter 10 The Patient with Malignant Disease: Fertility Preservation (pages 38–42): Arri Coomarasamy
Chapter 11 The Patient with Heart Disease (pages 43–47): Natasha Thorogood and Catherine Nelson?Piercy
Chapter 12 The Patient with Diabetes (pages 48–50): Neelam Potdar and Justin C. Konje
Chapter 13 The Patient with Thyroid Disease (pages 51–55): Shiao Chan
Chapter 14 The Patient with Hyperprolactinemia (pages 56–60): John Ayuk
Chapter 15 The Patient with Polycystic Ovaries (pages 61–64): Adam H. Balen
Chapter 16 The Renal Transplant Patient and IVF (pages 65–68): Lynne Robinson and Clara Day
Chapter 17 The Patient with Previous Pelvic Irradiation (pages 69–72): Vishvanath C. Karande
Chapter 18 Fertility after Chemotherapy (pages 73–76): Nivedita Reddy
Chapter 19 The Patient with Abnormal Cervical Cytology (pages 77–79): Mahmood I. Shafi
Chapter 20 The Patient with Previous Borderline Ovarian Tumor (pages 80–82): Arri Coomarasamy and Kavita Singh
Chapter 21 The Patient with an Endometrioma (pages 83–85): Luciano G. Nardo and Oybek Rustamov
Chapter 22 The Patient with Cervical Stenosis (pages 86–89): Khaldoun Sharif
Chapter 23 Vaccination and ART (pages 90–94): Arri Coomarasamy and Dukaydah van der Berg
Chapter 24 The Patient with Hydrosalpinx (pages 95–98): Annika Strandell
Chapter 25 The Patient with Poor Ovarian Reserve (pages 99–104): Scott M. Nelson
Chapter 26 The Patient with Congenital Uterine Anomalies (pages 105–108): Sarah Creighton and Lina Michala
Chapter 27 The Patient with Congenital Cervico?Vaginal Anomalies (pages 109–111): Sarah Creighton and Lina Michala
Chapter 28 The Patient with Uterine Fibroids (pages 112–114): Haitham Hamoda and Yakoub Khalaf
Chapter 29 The Patient with Previous Essure® Sterilization (pages 115–118): T. Justin Clark
Chapter 30 The Patient with Previous Endometrial Ablation (pages 119–123): T. Justin Clark
Chapter 31 The Couple with Recurrent Implantation Failure (pages 124–127): Tarek El?Toukhy
Chapter 32 The Patient with Previous Uterine Artery Embolization (pages 128–130): Haitham Hamoda and Yakoub Khalaf
Chapter 33 Endometrial Polyp Detected during ART Treatment (pages 131–134): Arri Coomarasamy
Chapter 34 The Obese Patient (pages 135–138): Mostafa Metwally and Bolarinde Ola
Chapter 35 Asherman Syndrome (pages 139–141): Dan Yu, Enlan Xia and T. C. Li
Chapter 36 The Older Patient (pages 142–145): William Ledger
Chapter 37 Requests for Mild or Natural Cycle IVF Treatment (pages 146–149): Brad B. Swelstad and Suheil J. Muasher
Chapter 38 The ART Patient with Psychosexual Problems (pages 150–152): Sue Elkin
Chapter 39 The Patient Needing Third?Party Reproduction (pages 153–158): Madhurima Rajkhowa
Chapter 40 Request for “Social Egg Freezing” (pages 159–164): Valerie L. Peddie and Siladitya Bhattacharya
Chapter 41 The Patient with Bariatric Surgery (pages 165–168): Zaher O. Merhi and Harry J. Lieman
Chapter 42 Poor Response during Ovarian Stimulation (pages 169–174): Lynne Robinson and Arri Coomarasamy
Chapter 43 Ovarian Stimulation for IVF in a Patient with Previous Severe Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (pages 175–177): Khaldoun Sharif
Chapter 44 Unable to Achieve Pituitary Down?Regulation (pages 178–183): K. Jayaprakasan and Nick Raine?Fenning
Chapter 45 The Patient Discovered Pregnant during Pituitary Down?Regulation (pages 184–187): Mohammed Khairy Mahmoud and Arri Coomarasamy
Chapter 46 Ovarian Cysts following Pituitary Down?Regulation (pages 188–191): Alison Taylor
Chapter 47 Poor Endometrial Development (pages 192–200): Lynne Robinson and Arri Coomarasamy
Chapter 48 Missed IVF Medications (pages 201–204): Lynne Robinson and Arri Coomarasamy
Chapter 49 The Patient with a History of Estrogen?Receptor Positive Cancer (pages 205–207): Murat Sonmezer and Kutluk Oktay
Chapter 50 The Patient Over?Responding to Controlled Ovarian Stimulation during IVF (pages 208–212): Khaldoun Sharif
Chapter 51 General Anesthesia or Sedation for Oocyte Retrieval? (pages 213–218): Andrew F. Malins
Chapter 52 Delayed Oocyte Retrieval (pages 219–222): Khaldoun Sharif
Chapter 53 Empty Follicle Syndrome (pages 223–226): George Ndukwe
Chapter 54 Bleeding following Oocyte Retrieval (pages 227–231): Annika K. Ludwig and Barbara Sonntag
Chapter 55 To Flush or not to Flush Follicles at Oocyte Retrieval? (pages 232–235): Micah J. Hill and Eric D. Levens
Chapter 56 Inaccessible Ovaries at Oocyte Retrieval (pages 236–238): Hazem Al?Rumaih
Chapter 57 Endometriotic Cysts at Oocyte Retrieval (pages 239–242): Graciela Kohls and Juan A. Garc?ya?Velasco
Chapter 58 Couple Splitting While Embryos are in Storage (pages 243–248): Masoud Afnan
Chapter 59 Endometrial Cavity Fluid Identified during IVF Treatment (pages 249–251): Arri Coomarasamy
Chapter 60 Difficult Embryo Transfer (pages 252–256): Khaldoun Sharif
Chapter 61 Excessive Cervical Mucus and Retained Embryo at Embryo Transfer (pages 257–260): Hassan N. Sallam, Ahmed F. Galal and Fady S. Moeity
Chapter 62 Life after Embryo Transfer (pages 261–264): Kelton Tremellen
Chapter 63 Vaginal Bleeding in the Luteal Phase after IVF (pages 265–270): Carol Coughlan and Bolarinde Ola
Chapter 64 Pelvic Infection after IVF (pages 271–273): Muhammad Faisal Aslam
Chapter 65 The Patient Presenting with Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (pages 274–278): Khaldoun Sharif
Chapter 66 Adnexal Torsion after IVF (pages 279–282): Saioa Torrealday and Beth W. Rackow
Chapter 67 Exposure to Infection in the Luteal Phase of IVF (pages 283–288): Litha Pepas and Arri Coomarasamy
Chapter 68 Total Failure of Fertilization after Conventional IVF ? Rescue ICSI (pages 289–295): A. Albert Yuzpe
Chapter 69 Couples not Wishing to Create Surplus Embryos in IVF (pages 296–299): Hossam Mohamed
Chapter 70 Aneuploidy Screening for Advanced Maternal Age or Repeated IVF Failure (pages 300–303): Haitham Hamoda and Yacoub Khalaf
Chapter 71 Choosing an Embryo for Transfer (pages 304–307): Denny Sakkas
Chapter 72 Globozoospermia (pages 308–312): Steven Mansell, Anne Rice, Catherine Beaton and Christopher L. R. Barratt
Chapter 73 Total Failure of Fertilization after ICSI (pages 313–316): Kaoru Yanagida
Chapter 74 Refreezing of Embryos (pages 317–319): Jerome H. Check
Chapter 75 Infection in Embryo Culture Medium (pages 320–323): Peter M. M. Kastrop
Chapter 76 ICSI or IVF in Nonmale?Factor Infertility? (pages 324–327): Mohamed Aboulghar
Chapter 77 The ART Program during a Natural or Human?Made Disaster (pages 328–330): Richard P. Dickey and Carla White
Chapter 78 Using the Wrong Sperm or Embryos in IVF (pages 331–334): Khaldoun Sharif and Mutaz Al?Ahmad
Chapter 79 Unexpected Inability to Produce a Semen Sample on the Day of Oocyte Retrieval (pages 335–339): Khaldoun Sharif
Chapter 80 The Azoospermic Patient (pages 340–343): Khaldoun Sharif
Chapter 81 ART in Men with Klinefelter Syndrome (pages 344–348): Ronnie G. Fine and Darius A. Paduch
Chapter 82 ART in Men with 100% Immotile Sperm (pages 349–352): Carolina Ortega?Hrepich, Dominique Raick and Herman Tournaye
Chapter 83 Request for Posthumous Fatherhood with Perimortem Surgical Sperm Retrieval (pages 353–359): Zamip P. Patel, Heather E. Ross and Lawrence S. Ross
Chapter 84 Retrograde Ejaculation and Anejaculation (pages 360–363): Asif Muneer and Anthony Hirsh
Chapter 85 Sperm Retrieval in Cancerous Testes (pages 364–366): Saad Aldousari and Armand Zini
Chapter 86 Leukocytospermia and ART (pages 367–370): Giuseppe Ricci
Chapter 87 The Infertile Male Patient with a Genetic Cause (pages 371–375): Katherine L. O'Flynn O'Brien and Ashok Agarwal
Chapter 88 Y Chromosome Microdeletions and ART (pages 376–379): Sherman J. Silber
Chapter 89 Unexpected Number or Gender of Babies after IVF (pages 381–386): Khaldoun Sharif
Chapter 90 Suspected Ectopic Pregnancy after IVF (pages 387–390): Vishvanath C. Karande
Chapter 91 Cervical Ectopic Pregnancy after IVF (pages 391–395): Usha Verma
Chapter 92 Heterotopic Pregnancy after IVF (pages 396–399): Abdel?Maguid Ramzy
Chapter 93 Multi?fetal Pregnancy Reduction after ART (pages 400–404): R. Katie Morris and Mark D. Kilby
Chapter 94 Multiple Pregnancy after IVF: To Cerclage or not to Cerclage? (pages 405–408): Harold Gee
Chapter 95 Hyperreactio Luteinalis after IVF (pages 409–411): Mohammad Ebrahim Parsanezhad, Leila Forooghinia and Maryam Parsa?Nezhad
Chapter 96 Lactation by a Commissioning Mother in Surrogacy (pages 412–414): Frank P. Biervliet and Stephen L. Atkin
Chapter 97 Dealing with the Emotional Distress following Failed IVF (pages 415–420): Linda Hammer Burns
Chapter 98 IVF When the Prognosis is very Poor or Futile (pages 421–424): Khaldoun Sharif
Chapter 99 Unexpected drop in the ART clinic pregnancy rate (pages 425–429): Bulent Urman and Kayhan Yakin
Chapter 100 Natural Fertility after IVF (pages 430–432): Frank Nawroth and Annika K. Ludwig