Advanced Materials for Multidisciplinary Applications

Cover
Half Title
Advanced Materials for Multidisciplinary Applications
Copyright
Preface
Contents
About the Editors
1. Leadership and Resiliency in the Global Chemistry Enterprise
Part I: Biomedical Applications
	2. Recent Advancement of Nanotechnology in Bio Applications
		2.1 Introduction
		2.2 Tissue Engineering
			2.2.1 Nanoscale Techniques for Tissue Engineering
			2.2.2 Nanotechnology Application in Tissue Engineering
			2.2.3 Nanotechnology Application in Bone Cells Tissue Engineering
			2.2.4 Nanotechnology Application in Vascular Cells Tissue Engineering
			2.2.5 Nanotechnology Application in Hepatic Cells Tissue Engineering
			2.2.6 Nanotechnology Application for Stem Cell Engineering
			2.2.7 Challenges and Future Prospects
		2.3 Nanocarriers in Cancer Treatment
			2.3.1 Nanocarriers
			2.3.2 Stimulus for Drug Release
			2.3.3 Nanocarriers in Cancer Treatment
			2.3.4 Challenges
		2.4 Drug Delivery
			2.4.1 Drug Delivery Systems Employ Nanoparticles
			2.4.2 Recent Utilization of Nanotechnology in DDS
			2.4.3 Developments in Renal Medication Delivery Systems Based on Nanotechnology
			2.4.4 Nanotechnology Used in DDS for Intervertebral Disk Disease (IVDD)
			2.4.5 Blood–Brain Barrier Penetration by Nanoparticles: A Path to Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Disorders of the Central Nervous System
			2.4.6 Nanotechnology\'s Role in the Creation of Vaccines for COVID-19 Prevention
		2.5 Nanomaterials in Diagnosis
			2.5.1 Why Nanomaterials Are Important in Medical Diagnosis?
			2.5.2 Overview of Nanoparticle-Based Diagnostic Tools
			2.5.3 Nanomaterials for Biosensing
		2.6 Nanotechnology in Biomedical Imaging
			2.6.1 Imaging Modalities—Nanoparticle Applications
			2.6.2 Fluorescence Imaging
			2.6.3 Magnetic Resonance Imaging
			2.6.4 Computed Tomography
			2.6.5 Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography (SPECT)
			2.6.6 Challenges
		2.7 Conclusions
		References
	3. Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes as Gene Carriers
		3.1 Introduction
		3.2 Functionalization of CNTs
			3.2.1 Covalent Functionalization
			3.2.2 Non-Covalent Functionalization
		3.3 Interaction of p-CNTs and f-CNTs with Genes or Aptamers
			3.3.1 Electrostatic Interaction
			3.3.2 Hydrogen Bonding
			3.3.3 π–π Stacking
		3.4 Gene Targets of f-CNTs
			3.4.1 Anti-Cancer
			3.4.2 Gene Delivery
			3.4.3 Other Applications
		3.5 Summary
		3.6 Further Reading
		References
	4. Selected Recent Work on Endo-Functionalization of Cylindrical Macrocyclic Artificial Receptors for Mimicking Protein–Ligand Interactions
		4.1 Introduction
		4.2 Functionalization of Cylindrical and Vase-Shaped Cylindrical Macrocyclic Receptors
			4.2.1 Cavitands
			4.2.2 Calix[4]pyrroles
			4.2.3 Naphthalene-Based Molecular Tubes
			4.2.4 Pillar[5]arene-Derived Receptor
			4.2.5 Anthracene-Derived Receptor
		4.3 Conclusions
		References
	5. Singlet Oxygen Photo-Generation by Light Irradiation Using Metal–Organic Frameworks as Photodynamic Therapy Agents
		5.1 Introduction
		5.2 Materials and Methods
		5.3 Results
		5.4 Discussion
		5.5 Conclusion
		References
Part II: Energy and Fuels Applications
	6. Chemical Looping for CO2 Conversion and Utilization—Recent Advances and Perspective
		6.1 Introduction
		6.2 Chemical Looping Development and Process Schemes
		6.3 CO2 as a Partial Substitute for CLPO
		6.4 CO2 Conversion via Chemical Looping Tri-Reforming
		6.5 CO2 as a Soft Oxidant for Oxygen Carrier Regeneration
		6.6 CO2 Utilization Through CaO-Assisted Carbonation-Calcination Route
		6.7 Concluding Remarks
		References
	7. Diversity Oriented Synthesis of Metal-Organic Frameworks
		7.1 Functionalization of MOF Subunits
		7.2 Pore Engineering in MOFs
		References
	8. The Promise and Reality of Sustainable Fuels
		8.1 Overview
		8.2 Diversity of Fuel Supplies
		8.3 Sustainable Aviation Fuels
		8.4 Conclusion
		References
	9. Thermal Analysis During Metallic Additive Manufacturing
		9.1 Introduction
		9.2 Metallic Additive Manufacturing Systems
			9.2.1 Powder Bed Fusion
			9.2.2 Direct Energy Deposition
			9.2.3 Other Metallic AM Processes
		9.3 Challenges of Heat Transfer During Metallic AM
		9.4 Energy Insertion and Material Thermal Properties
			9.4.1 Energy Distribution of Heat Sources
			9.4.2 Feedstock Properties
		9.5 Theoretical and Experimental Studies of Thermal Analysis in Different Metallic AM Methods
			9.5.1 PBF Processes
			9.5.2 Directed Energy Deposition (DED) Processes
			9.5.3 Other Metallic AM Processes
		9.6 Summary
		References
Part III: Environmental and Spectroscopic Application
	10. Single Atom Catalysts for Environmental Remediation
		10.1 Introduction
		10.2 Single Atom Catalyst Characterization
			10.2.1 High-Angle Annular Dark-Field Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope (HAADF-STEM)
			10.2.2 X-ray Adsorption Spectroscopy (XAS)
			10.2.3 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)
			10.2.4 Other Techniques
		10.3 Supporting Materials of SACs
		10.4 Application and Mechanisms
			10.4.1 Photocatalysis
			10.4.2 Activation of H2O2
			10.4.3 Activation of Peroxymonosulfate (PMS)
			10.4.4 Activation of Perdisulfate (PDS) and Sulphite
		10.5 Future Research Needs
		10.6 Conclusions
		References
	11. Topological Interpenetrative Covalent Anchored Network (TIP CAN) for H2S Detection, Storage, and Remediation Relevance to Shipboard Wastewater
		11.1 Introduction
		11.2 Method
		11.3 Results
		11.4 Conclusions
		References
	12. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry with Re-Engineered 2, a 5-Dihydroxypheny Acid Derivative
		12.1 Introduction
		12.2 Experimental
		12.3 Results and Discussion
			12.3.1 Laser Power Adjustment to Obtain Optimal Fluence
			12.3.2 Design Criteria and Possible Mechanism of Action of Matrix 10
			12.3.3 Theoretical Considerations
		12.4 Conclusion
		References
	13. Hydrophilic/Phobic Tailored Multi-laned/Layer Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (HTML-MALDI)
		13.1 Introduction
		13.2 Material and Methods
			13.2.1 Chemical and Reagents
			13.2.2 Sample Preparation
			13.2.3 Enzyme Digestion
			13.2.4 Maldi TOF MS
			13.2.5 MALDI Sample Preparation
			13.2.6 MALDI-TOF Calibration
			13.2.7 Statistical Analysis
		13.3 Results and Discussion
			13.3.1 Improvement in Ion Yield Using Peptide Mixture
		13.4 Conclusion
		References
	14. Achievements Made by Professionals with Diversified Backgrounds
		14.1 Introduction