A Framework for Community Ecology

Cover
Half-title page
Title page
Copyright page
Contents
Preface
1 A General Framework for Community Ecology
	Communities
	A Grounding in Reality
	Composition and Causal Factors Can Both Be Mapped
	The Language of Samples and Sample Units
	More General Principles: Assembly and Response
	The Study of Pattern Is Not the Study of Community Assembly
	Foundations of Community Ecology Laid by Raunkiaer
	A General Framework
	The Basic Elements of Community Ecology
	Summary
	Key Points of the Chapter
2 Filters
	The Power of Filters
	Drought Acts as a Filter
	Cold Acts as a Filter
	Hypoxia Acts as a Filter
	Salinity Acts as a Filter
	Herbivores Act as Filters
	Wildfires Act as Filters
	Predators as Filters in Frog Communities
	Predation as a Filter
	How Many Filters Do We Need?
	More on Experiments and Filters
	Conclusion: The Ubiquity and Power of Filters
	Key Points of the Chapter
3 Species Pools
	The List of Parts
	Types of Pools
	Some Theory about Pools and Communities
	Rates of Arrival and Departure in the Community
	Some Empirical Relationships Observed in Real Communities
	Experimental Manipulation of Immigration and Establishment from Pools
	Invasive Species and the Potential Species Pool
	Approaches to Measuring Pools
	More on Older Lists and Their Utility in Documenting Species Pools
	Looking Ahead
	Key Points of the Chapter
4 Traits
	Naming Species
	A Biological Paradox: Two Systems for One Reality
	Functional Classifications: Some Historical Context
	Morphological Traits in Birds: Bills Are Fundamental
	Plant Functional Traits
	The Fundamental Global Trait: Leaf Economics
	Getting the Water to the Leaves: Traits for Water Conduction
	Traits and Trait Matrices
	Traits, Environments and Applications
	Key Points of the Chapter
5 Trait–Environment Interactions
	The Power of Filters
	Overview: Quantifying Trait–Environment Relationships
	Static Abundance-Based Approaches
	More on the Fourth Corner Problem
	An Example from a Wetland
	Dynamic Fitness-Based Approaches
	Conclusion
	Key Points of the Chapter
6 Functional Groups
	Furniture Assembly
	Functional Classification for Ecological Prediction
	Functional Groups in Plants
	Functional Groups in Birds
	Functional Groups in Insects
	Functional Types of Fish
	Functional Types of Mammals
	Functional Types of Fungi
	Some Methodological Issues
	On the Reality of Functional Groups
	The Underlying Causes of Functional Groups
	Functional Groups, Trait Matrices and Ecological Assembly
	Key Points of the Chapter
7 Predictive Models of Community Assembly
	Prediction in Community Ecology
	Community Assembly by Trait Selection
	How Many Traits Are Enough?
	The Traitspace Model of Environmental Filtering
	Applying the Traitspace Model to Conifer Forests in Southwestern North America
	Applying Both CATS and Traitspace to a Kettlehole Wetland
	Relaxing the Assumption of a Single Optimal Trait Value Using Traitspace
	Some Concluding Remarks on Two Models for Community Assembly
	Key Points of the Chapter
8 Prospects and Possibilities
	Logical Structure for Community Ecology
	Species, Functional Groups and Community Assembly
	The Canonical Model for Commonness and Rarity: Lessons for Community Assembly
	Response Rules and Inertia in Community Assembly (Time Dependence)
	The Role of Causal Factors in Ecological Communities and Restoration
	Key Points of the Chapter
References
Index