Write Now

Title
Table of Contents
Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO WRITING
	1 Getting Started with Writing
		Learning Outcomes
		CREATING AN IDEAL WRITING ONMENT ENVIRONMENT
		1. Find a Good Place to Write
		2. Plan Your Time to Write
		3. Select Your Materials
		4. Establish a Method for Saving our Your Work
		5. Create an Inviting Atmosphere
		6. Minimize Distractions
		ANALYZING THE RHETORICAL SITUATION: ION: THE STAR APPROACH
		Subject
		Audience
		Purpose
		Strategy
		Design
		MODEL RHETORICAL STAR ANALYSIS OF F “Be Our Guest. Please,”
		Chapter Summary
		What I Know Now
		Further Reading on the Web
	2 The Writing Process
		Learning Outcomes
		FOLLOWING THE WRITING PROCESS
		DISCOVERING
		PLANNING
		COMPOSING
		GETTING FEEDBACK
		REVISING
		EDITING
		PROOFREADING
		ONE STUDENT’S JOURNEY THROUGH THE WRITING PROCESS
		1. Discovering
		2. Planning
		3. Composing
		4. Getting Feedback
		5. Revising
		6. Editing
		7. Proofreading
		Chapter Summary
		What I Know Now
		Further Reading on the Web
	3 Writing Sentences, Paragraphs, and Essays
		Learning Outcomes
		WRITING A SENTENCE
		Sentence Components
		Parts of Speech
		Sentence Variety
		WRITING A PARAGRAPH
		Topic Sentence
		Supporting Sentences
		Transitions
		Concluding Sentence
		Model Paragraph
		WRITING AN ESSAY
		Introductory Paragraph
		Body Paragraphs
		Concluding Paragraph
		Model Essay
		WRITING ATTITUDE SURVEY
		Chapter Summary
		What I Know Now
		Further Reading on the Web
	4 The Critical Thinking, Reading, and Writing Connection
		Learning Outcomes
		THINKING CRITICALLY
		READING AND INTERPRETING WRITTEN TEXTS
		1. Pre-read and Anticipate
		2. Read and Analyze
		3. Reread and Annotate
		ANNOTATED ESSAY “Animating a Blockbuster: Inside Pixar’s Creative Magic,” by Jonah Lehrer
		PARTICIPATING IN CLASS DISCUSSIONS ABOUT READINGS
		READING AND INTERPRETING VISUAL TEXTS
		ANNOTATED PHOTOGRAPH “Fish Pedicures: Carp Rid Human Feet of Scaly Skin,”
		ANNOTATED GRAPHS “Numbers: Yes, The Health-Care Business Is Recession-Proof,”
		ANNOTATED ADVERTISEMENT “Encommand,”
		READING AND INTERPRETING WEB SITES
		ANNOTATED WEB SITE National Geographic News
		LOGICAL FALLACIES
		Chapter Summary
		What I Know Now
		Further Reading on the Web
Part 2 WRITING STRATEGIES
	5 Narrating: Memories
		Learning Outcomes
		WRITING STRATEGY FOCUS: NARRATING
		REAL-WORLD APPLICATIONS FOR NARRATING
		Writing Narratives in School
		Writing Narratives in Your Daily Life
		Writing Narratives in Your Career
		STEPS FOR WRITING A NARRATIVE
		1. Begin with an Engaging Introduction
		2. Establish the Time and Place
		3. Keep a Consistent Point of View
		4. Keep the Verb Tense Consistent
		5. Include Plenty of Details and Sensory Appeal
		6. Present the Details in a Logical Sequence
		7. Use Dialogue Effectively
		8. Include Visual Aids if Appropriate
		9. End with a Thought-Provoking Conclusion
		CAREER-BASED NARRATIVE “Clinical Narrative,” by Suzanne Curley
		CAREER-BASED NARRATIVE “Sample Narrative of a Violent Domestic Incident Police Report,” by Reinaldo Irizzary, Sr.
		NARRATING IN THE CONTEXT OF MEMORIES
		READINGS AND REFLECTION Interview of Johnny Depp for Alice in Wonderland
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Mother Tongue,” by Amy Tan
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Once More to the Lake,” by E.B. White
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Momma’s Store,” by Maya Angelou
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Mother to Son,” by Langston Hughes
		INTERPRETING AN ADVERTISEMENT
		Writing about an Image
		Media Connection for Narration
		ANALYZING THE RHETORICAL STAR FOR WRITING A NARRATIVE
		APPLYING THE WRITING PROCESS FOR NARRATING
		WRITER’S CHECKLIST FOR WRITING A NARRATIVE
		Chapter Summary
		What I Know Now
	6 > Describing: Media and Popular Culture
		Learning Outcomes
		WRITING STRATEGY FOCUS: DESCRIBING
		REAL-WORLD APPLICATIONS FOR DESCRIBING
		Writing Descriptions in School
		Writing Descriptions in Your Daily Life
		Writing Descriptions in Your Career
		STEPS FOR WRITING A DESCRIPTION
		1. Begin by Creating a Dominant Impression
		2. Use an Objective or Subjective Approach
		3. Appeal to the Senses
		4. Include Similes and Metaphors
		5. Organize Your Description Logically
		6. End with Something Memorable
		CAREER-BASED DESCRIPTIVE WRITING “Exercise- Induced Asthma”
		CAREER-BASED DESCRIPTIVE WRITING “School Discipline Form”
		DESCRIBING IN THE CONTEXT OF MEDIA AND POPULAR CULTURE
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “How Urban Myths Reveal Society’s Fears,” by Neal Gabler
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Rudeness at the Movies,” by Bill Wine
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “My Creature from the Black Lagoon,” by Stephen King
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Hip-Hop: A Roadblock or Pathway to Black Empowerment?” by Geoffrey Bennett
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Coca-Cola and Coco Frío,” by Martin Espada
		INTERPRETING AN ADVERTISEMENT
		Writing about an Image
		Media Connection for Describing
		ANALYZING THE RHETORICAL STAR FOR WRITING A DESCRIPTION
		APPLYING THE WRITING PROCESS FOR DESCRIBING
		WRITER’S CHECKLIST FOR DESCRIBING
		Chapter Summary
		What I Know Now
	7 > Explaining a Process: Cultures and Traditions
		Learning Outcomes
		WRITING STRATEGY FOCUS: EXPLAINING A PROCESS
		REAL-WORLD APPLICATIONS FOR EXPLAINING PROCESSES
		Process Writing in School
		Process Writing in Your Daily Life
		Process Writing in Your Career
		STEPS FOR WRITING ABOUT A PROCESS
		1. Begin with a Clear Title and Introduction
		2. Include a List of Materials
		3. Explain Each Step in Chronological Order
		4. Defi ne Special Terms
		5. Give Helpful Tips and Warnings as Needed
		6. Include Visual Aids as Needed
		7. End with a Decisive Conclusion
		CAREER-BASED PROCESS WRITING “10 Ways to Improve Your Offi ce Etiquette,” by Calvin Sun
		CAREER-BASED PROCESS WRITING “How to Draw Blood”
		PROCESS WRITING IN THE CONTEXT OF CULTURES AND TRADITIONS
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Independence Day,” by Dave Barry
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Los Días de los Muertos (Days of the Dead),” by E. Barrie Kavasch
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Happy Unbirthday,” by Marlo Morgan
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Ironing,” by Esmeralda Santiago
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Traditions Sure Run Deep,” by Keith Bryant
		INTERPRETING AN ADVERTISEMENT
		Writing about an Image
		Media Connection for Explaining Processes
		ANALYZING THE RHETORICAL STAR FOR EXPLAINING A PROCESS IN WRITING
		Sample Design for Instructions
		APPLYING THE STEPS FOR WRITING ABOUT A PROCESS
		WRITER’S CHECKLIST FOR EXPLAINING A PROCESS
		Chapter Summary
		What I Know Now
	8 > Comparing and Contrasting: Computers and Technology
		Learning Outcomes
		WRITING STRATEGY FOCUS: COMPARING AND CONTRASTING
		REAL-WORLD APPLICATIONS FOR COMPARING AND CONTRASTING
		Writing to Compare and Contrast in School
		Writing to Compare and Contrast in Your Daily Life
		Writing to Compare and Contrast in Your Career
		STEPS FOR WRITING ABOUT COMPARISONS AND CONTRASTS
		1. Begin by Identifying Elements You Are Comparing
		2. Use a Block or Point-by-Point Approach
		3. Describe Your Subjects Fairly and Accurately
		4. Consider Using an Analogy
		5. Use Transitions to Help Your Writing Flow Smoothly
		6. Conclude Logically
		COMPARING AND CONTRASTING IN THE CONTEXT OF COMPUTERS AND TECHNOLOGY
		CAREER-BASED COMPARING AND CONTRASTING “Performance Comparison of Web Browsers,” by Jacob Gube
		“Web Browsers—Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer, Safari or Opera?” by DOVC
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Who Am I?” by Merrill Markoe
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Nutcracker.com,” by David Sedaris
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Gender Gap in Cyberspace,” by Deborah Tannen
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Computers, Computers,” by Marty Whiddon
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Harrison Bergeron,” by Kurt Vonnegut, Jr.
		INTERPRETING AN ADVERTISEMENT
		Writing about an Image
		Media Connection for Comparing and Contrasting
		ANALYZING THE RHETORICAL STAR FOR WRITING A COMPARISON AND CONTRAST ESSAY
		APPLYING THE WRITING PROCESS FOR COMPARING AND CONTRASTING
		WRITER’S CHECKLIST FOR COMPARISON AND CONTRAST
		Chapter Summary
		What I Know Now
	9 > Analyzing Causes and Effects: Health and Medicine
		Learning Outcomes
		WRITING STRATEGY FOCUS: EXPLAINING CAUSES AND EFFECTS
		REAL-WORLD APPLICATIONS FOR EXPLAINING CAUSES AND EFFECTS
		Writing about Causes and Effects in School
		Writing about Causes and Effects in Your Daily Life
		Writing about Causes and Effects in Your Career
		STEPS FOR WRITING A CAUSE OR EFFECT ESSAY
		1. Begin by Identifying the Cause or r Effect You Are Analyzing
		2. Explain the Cause-and-Effect Relationship lationship Convincingly
		3. Organize the Causes and/or Effects cts Effectively
		4. Use Sound Logic
		5. Conclude Effectively
		CAREER-BASED CAUSE-AND-EFFECT WRITING “Accident Report”
		ANALYZING CAUSES AND EFFECTS IN THE CONTEXT OF HEALTH AND MEDICINE
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Food: Your Body’s Natural Healer,” by Shirley Vanderbilt
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “The Globalization of Eating Disorders,” by Susan Bordo
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Welcome to the United States of Ambien,” by Rob Sheffi eld
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Finding Their Niche: Why Men Choose Nursing,” by Diane Weber
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Spring and All,” by William Carlos Williams
		INTERPRETING AN ADVERTISEMENT
		Writing about an Image
		Media Connection for Explaining Causes and Effects
		ANALYZING THE RHETORICAL STAR FOR WRITING A CAUSE-AND-EFFECT ESSAY
		APPLYING THE WRITING PROCESS FOR EXPLAINING CAUSES AND EFFECTS
		WRITER’S CHECKLIST FOR CAUSES AND EFFECTS
		Chapter Summary
		What I Know Now
	10 > Persuading: Relationships
		Learning Outcomes
		WRITING STRATEGY FOCUS: PERSUASION
		REAL-WORLD APPLICATIONS FOR PERSUADING
		Writing Persuasively in School
		Writing Persuasively in Your Daily Life
		Writing Persuasively in Your Career
		STEPS FOR WRITING A PERSUASIVE ESSAY
		1. Introduce the Issue You Are Debating
		2. Make a Claim about Your Subject
		3. Support Your Claim with Evident That Appeals to Your Audience
		4. Use Your Supporting Evidence Logically and Ethically
		5. Organize Your Supporting Evidence Effectively
		6. End Your Essay Effectively
		CAREER-BASED PERSUASIVE WRITING “Résumé of Kristin Starr”
		CAREER-BASED PERSUASIVE WRITING “Building Business Relationships: Learn How to Assemble and Maintain Successful Service Provider Networks,” by Sarah Hoban
		PERSUADING IN THE CONTEXT OF RELATIONSHIPS
		Opposing Viewpoints on Social Networking Sites
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “How Facebook Can Harm Your Relationships,” by Leigh Goessl
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “The Benefi ts of Social Networking on YOUR Social Life,” by Al Rodricks
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Sex, Lies and Conversation: Why Is It So Hard for Men and Women to Talk to Each Other?” by Deborah Tannen
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “A Breadwinner Rethinks Gender Roles,” by M. P. Dunleavey,
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “How Boys Become Men,” by Jon Katz
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Androgynous Man,” by Noel Perrin
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Evan’s Two Moms,” by Anna Quindlen
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Wrong Man,” by Henry Rollins
		PERSUASION AND MARKETING
		INTERPRETING AN ADVERTISEMENT
		Writing about an Image
		Media Connection for Persuading
		ANALYZING THE RHETORICAL STAR FOR WRITING PERSUASIVELY
		APPLYING THE WRITING PROCESS FOR PERSUADING
		WRITER’S CHECKLIST FOR PERSUADING
		Chapter Summary
		What I Know Now
	11 > Evaluating: Film and the Arts
		Learning Outcomes
		WRITING STRATEGY FOCUS: EVALUATING
		REAL-WORLD APPLICATIONS FOR EVALUATING
		Evaluative Writing for School
		Evaluative Writing in Your Daily Life
		Evaluative Writing in Your Career
		STEPS FOR WRITING AN EVALUATIVE ESSAY
		1. Describe the Subject You Are Evaluating
		2. Make a Claim about the Subject You Are Evaluating
		3. Choose Several Criteria for Your Evaluation
		4. Make a Judgment about Each Criterion
		5. Support Your Judgments with Specifi c Evidence
		6. Be Fair with Your Judgments
		7. End with a Final Claim about Your Subject
		CAREER-BASED EVALUATION WRITING: “Sample Employee Evaluation Form”
		EVALUATING IN THE CONTEXT OF FILM AND THE ARTS
		READINGS AND REFLECTION, “Marks,” by Linda Pastan
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Revealing the Ugly Cartoonish Truth: The Simpsons,” by Simon Benlow
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Potter Power,” by Craig Outhier
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “The Faces of the Mona Lisa,” by Vincent Pomarède
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Album Review: Black Eyed Peas’ The E.N.D.” by Ann Powers
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Empire Burlesque,” by Hal Shows
		INTERPRETING AN ADVERTISEMENT
		Writing about an Image
		Media Connection for Evaluating
		ANALYZING THE RHETORICAL STAR FOR WRITING AN EVALUATION
		APPLYING THE WRITING PROCESS FOR EVALUATING
		WRITER’S CHECKLIST FOR EVALUATING
		Chapter Summary
		What I Know Now
	12 > Solving a Problem: Crime and Justice
		Learning Outcomes
		WRITING STRATEGY FOCUS: SOLVING A PROBLEM
		REAL-WORLD APPLICATIONS FOR SOLVING A PROBLEM
		Writing to Solve a Problem in School
		Writing to Solve a Problem in Your Daily Life
		Writing to Solve a Problem in Your Career
		STEPS FOR WRITING A PROPOSAL TO SOLVE A PROBLEM
		1. Identify a Problem and Demonstrate That It Exists
		2. Appeal to Your Audience
		3. State Your Claim
		4. Propose a Solution to the Problem
		5. Organize Your Solution(s) Effectively
		6. Persuade Your Audience That Your Solution Is Feasible and Worthwhile
		7. End with a Call to Action
		CAREER-BASED PROBLEM-SOLVING WRITING “Above the Law: Government Parking Abuse in NYC”
		CAREER-BASED PROBLEM-SOLVING WRITING “Toilet Troubles”
		SOLVING A PROBLEM IN THE CONTEXT OF CRIME AND JUSTICE
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “MySpace or OurSpace?” by Alex Koppelman
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Why Prisons Don’t Work,” by Wilbert Rideau
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “It’s All in Your Head: Why the Next Civil Rights Battle Will Be Over the Mind,” by Clive Thompson
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Blink Your Eyes,” by Sekou Sundiata
		READINGS AND REFLECTION “Trifl es,” by Susan Glaspel
		INTERPRETING AN ADVERTISEMENT
		Writing about an Image
		Media Connection for Solving a Problem
		ANALYZING THE RHETORICAL STAR FOR SOLVING A PROBLEM
		APPLYING THE WRITING PROCESS FOR SOLVING A PROBLEM
		WRITER’S CHECKLIST FOR PROBLEM SOLVING
		Chapter Summary
		What I Know Now
Part 3 RESEARCH GUIDE
	13 Planning and Writing a Research Paper
		Learning Outcomes
		DISCOVERING A RESEARCH SUBJECT
		NARROWING A RESEARCH SUBJECT
		CREATING A RESEARCHABLE QUESTION
		WRITING A PRELIMINARY THESIS STATEMENT
		LOCATING LIBRARY AND INTERNET SOURCES
		Computerized Card Catalog
		Stacks
		Periodicals
		Computerized Databases
		Reference Materials
		Audiovisual Materials
		Internet Searches
		Discussion Groups
		Tips for Conducting Internet Searches
		EVALUATING RESEARCH SOURCES
		TAKING NOTES FROM RESEARCH MATERIALS
		Summarizing
		Paraphrasing
		Quoting
		CONDUCTING PRIMARY RESEARCH
		Surveys
		Personal Interviews
		CREATING AN OUTLINE
		COMPOSING YOUR RCH RESEARCH PAPER
		Chapter Summary
		What I Know Now
	14 Documenting a Research Paper
		Learning Outcomes
		AVOIDING PLAGIARISM
		DETERMINING WHEN TO CITE OR NOT CITE A SOURCE
		What Doesn’t Need to Be e Cited?
		What Does Need to Be Cited?
		MLA FORMAT
		MLA In-Text Citations
		MLA Works Cited
		Sample MLA Book Citation
		Sample MLA Periodical Citation
		Sample MLA Electronic Citation
		Student MLA Research Paper: “From Stigma to Status,” by Margaret Rowland
		APA FORMAT
		APA In-Text Citations
		APA References
		Sample APA Book Citation
		Sample APA Periodical Citation
		Electronic Source Example
		Student APA Research Paper: “From Stigma to Status,” by Margaret Rowland
		WRITER’S CHECKLIST FOR A RESEARCH PAPER
		Chapter Summary
		What I Know Now
	15 Giving an Oral Presentation
		Learning Outcomes
		PLANNING AN ORAL PRESENTATION
		Developing the Introduction
		Developing the Body
		Developing the Conclusion
		CHOOSING VISUAL AIDS
		Objects or Models
		Posters
		Flip Charts or Whiteboards
		Media Presentations
		Video Clips
		Handouts
		DELIVERING AN ORAL PRESENTATION
		PRESENTER’S CHECKLIST
		OBSERVER’S CHECKLIST
		GROUP PRESENTATIONS
		Chapter Summary
		What I Know Now
Part 4 EDITING GUIDE Editing Guide
	16 EDITING SENTENCES
		Fragments
		Run-Ons and Comma Splices
		Mixed Constructions
		Faulty Parallelism
		Active and Passive Voice
		EDITING WORDS (DICTION)
		Denotation and Connotation
		Jargon and Slang
		Clichés
		Biased Language
		Wordiness
		EDITING GRAMMAR
		Pronouns
		Verbs
		Adjectives and Adverbs
		Dangling and Misplaced Modifi ers
		EDITING PUNCTUATION
		Commas
		Semicolons and Colons
		Quotation Marks
		Ellipses
		Apostrophes
		Hyphens and Dashes
		Parentheses and Brackets
		EDITING MECHANICS
		Capitalization
		Abbreviations
		Numbers
		Italics and Underlining
		EDITING SPELLING
		Commonly Misspelled Words
		Homonyms
	Index