World Energy Handbook

Contents
Part I: Introduction
	World Energy Overview
		History of Energy Consumption
		Energy Consumption “Mix”
			Fossil Fuels
			Geopolitical Aspects of Fossil Fuels
			Oil
			Coal
			Natural Gas
		Nuclear Energy
		Renewable Energy Generation
		Energy Storage
		Energy Resiliency
		Sources
	Energy Research Methodology
		Identify
		Scope
		Plan
		News
		Legal Information
		Government Documents
		Utility Company Websites
		Research and Journal Articles
		Library Search
		Gather
		Evaluation
		Currency
		Authority
		Relevance and Reliability
		Purpose and Point of View
		Manage
		Present
	Financing Energy Projects
		Introduction
		Historical Overview
			Defining Energy Infrastructure
		Energy Financing
			Financial Mechanisms and Instruments
			Grants and Loans
			Climate Bonds
		Conclusion
		Bibliography
Part II: Africa
	Angola
		National Energy Introduction
			Energy Policies
			Trends in Generation Technologies
			Domestic Resources
		History of Energy
		Energy Generation Mix
			Energy Consumption Mix
			Fossil Fuels
			Oil
			Coal
			Natural Gas
			Nuclear Energy
			Renewable Energy Generation
				Photovoltaics
				Wind
				Hydro
				Ocean
				Geothermal
				Biomass
				Biofuels
		Carbon Footprint
		Electrical Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
		Grid Resiliency
		Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
		Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
		Education
		Summary
		Sources
	Botswana
		National Energy Introduction
			Energy Policies
			Trends in Generation Technologies
			Domestic Resources
			History of Energy
		Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
			Energy Generation Mix
			Energy Consumption Mix
		Fossil Fuels
			Oil
			Coal
			Natural Gas
		Renewable Energy Generation
			Photovoltaics (PV)
			Wind
			Biomass
			Biofuels
		Energy Storage Technologies
			Country Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
			Country’s Future Storage Direction
		Carbon Footprint
			Most Recent Carbon Output
			Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
			Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
			Air Quality
		Energy Resiliency
			Electrical Grid
			Climate and Natural Disasters
		Geopolitical Circumstances
			Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
			Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
		Summary
			Current Energy Situation (Recap of Generation Methods, Energy Trends)
			Future Energy Situation (Private Business Interest, Government Direction)
		Sources
	Congo
		National Energy Introduction
			Energy Policies
			Trends in Generation Technologies
			Domestic Resources
		Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
			Energy Generation Mix
			Energy Consumption Mix
		Fossil Fuels
			Oil
			Coal
			Natural Gas
		Nuclear Energy
		Renewable Energy Generation
			Photovoltaics (PV)
			Wind
			Hydro
			Ocean
			Geothermal
			Biomass
			Biofuels
		Energy Storage Technologies
			Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
			Country’s Future Storage Direction
		Carbon Footprint
			Most Recent Carbon Output
			Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
			Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
			Air Quality
		Energy Resiliency
			Electrical Grid
			Climate and Natural Disasters
			Grid Resiliency
		Geopolitical Circumstances
			Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
			Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
			Education
		Summary
			Current Energy Situation
			Future Energy Situation
		Sources
	Egypt
		National Energy Introduction
			Energy Policies
			Trends in Generation Technologies
			Domestic Resources
			History of Energy
		Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
			Energy Generation Mix
			Energy Consumption Mix
		Fossil Fuels
			Oil
			Coal
			Natural Gas
		Nuclear Energy
		Renewable Energy Generation
			Photovoltaics (PV)
			Wind
			Hydro
			Ocean
			Geothermal
			Biomass
			Biofuels
		Energy Storage Technologies
			Country Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
			Country’s Future Storage Direction
		Carbon Footprint
			Most Recent Carbon Output
			Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
			Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
			Air Quality
		Energy Resiliency
			Electrical Grid
			Climate and Natural Disasters
			Grid Resiliency
		Geopolitical Circumstances
			Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
			Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
		Summary
			Current Energy Situation
			Future Energy Situation
		Sources
	Ethiopia
		National Energy Introduction
			Energy Policies
			Trends in Generation Technologies
			Domestic Resources
			History of Energy
		Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
			Energy Generation Mix
			Energy Consumption Mix
		Fossil Fuels
			Oil
			Coal
			Natural Gas
		Nuclear Energy
		Renewable Energy Generation
			Photovoltaics (PV)
			Wind
			Hydro
			Ocean
			Geothermal
			Biomass
			Biofuels
		Energy Storage Technologies
			Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
			Country’s Future Storage Direction
		Carbon Footprint
			Most Recent Carbon Output
			Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
			Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
			Air Quality
		Energy Resiliency
			Electrical Grid
			Climate and Natural Disasters
			Grid Resiliency
		Geopolitical Circumstances
			Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
			Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
			Education
		Summary
			Current Energy Situation
			Future Energy Situation
		Sources
	Morocco
		National Energy Introduction
			Energy Policies
		Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
			Energy Generation Mix (Fig. 2)
			Energy Consumption Mix (Fig. 3; Table 3)
		Fossil Fuels
			Oil
			Coal
			Natural Gas
		Nuclear Energy
		Renewable Energy Generation
			Photovoltaics (PV)
			Wind
			Hydro
			Ocean
			Geothermal
			Biomass
		Energy Storage Technologies
			Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
			Country’s Future Storage Direction
		Carbon Footprint
			Most Recent Carbon Output
			Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint (Fig. 4)
			Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
		Energy Resiliency
			Electrical Grid
			Climate and Natural Disasters
			Grid Resiliency
		Geopolitical Circumstances
			Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
			Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
			Education
		Summary
			Current Energy Situation
			Future Energy Situation
		Sources
	Nigeria
		National Energy Introduction
			Energy Policies
			Trends in Generation Technologies
			Domestic Resources
			History of Energy
		Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
			Energy Generation Mix (Fig. 1)
			Energy Consumption Mix (Fig. 2)
		Fossil Fuels
			Oil
			Coal
			Natural Gas
		Nuclear Energy
		Renewable Energy Generation
			Photovoltaics (PV)
			Wind
			Hydro
			Biomass
		Energy Storage Technologies
			Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
			Country’s Future Storage Direction
		Carbon Footprint
			Most Recent Carbon Output
			Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint (Fig. 3)
		Energy Resiliency
			Electrical Grid
			Climate and Natural Disasters
			Grid Resiliency
		Geopolitical Circumstances
			Education
		Summary
			Current Energy Situation
			Future Energy Situation
		Sources
	Rwanda
		National Energy Introduction
			Energy Policies
			Domestic Resources
		Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
			Energy Generation Mix
			Energy Consumption Mix (Fig. 2)
		Fossil Fuels
			Oil
			Coal
			Natural Gas
		Nuclear Energy
		Renewable Energy Generation
			Photovoltaics (PV)
			Wind
			Hydro
			Ocean
			Geothermal
			Biomass
			Biofuels
		Energy Storage Technologies
			Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
			Country’s Future Storage Direction
		Carbon Footprint
			Most Recent Carbon Output
			Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
			Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
		Energy Resiliency
			Electrical Grid
			Climate and Natural Disasters
		Geopolitical Circumstances
			Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
			Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
		Summary
			Current Energy Situation
			Future Energy Situation
		Sources
	South Africa
		National Energy Introduction
			Energy Policies
			Trends in Generation Technologies
			Domestic Resources
		Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
			Energy Generation Mix
			Energy Consumption Mix
		Fossil Fuels
			Oil
			Coal
			Natural Gas
		Nuclear Energy
		Renewable Energy Generation
			Photovoltaics (PV)
			Wind
			Hydro
			Ocean
			Geothermal
			Biomass
			Biofuels
		Energy Storage Technologies
			Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
			Country’s Future Storage Direction
		Carbon Footprint
			Most Recent Carbon Output
			Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
			Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
			Air Quality
		Energy Resiliency
			Electrical Grid
			Climate and Natural Disasters
			Grid Resiliency
		Geopolitical Circumstances
			Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
			Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
			Education
		Summary
			Current Energy Situation
			Future Energy Situation
		Sources
	Tanzania
		National Energy Introduction
		Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
			Energy Generation Mix
			Energy Consumption Mix
		Fossil Fuels
			Oil
			Coal
			Natural Gas
		Nuclear Energy
		Renewable Energy Generation
			Photovoltaics (PV)
			Wind
			Hydro
			Ocean
			Geothermal
			Biomass
		Energy Storage Technologies
			Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
		Energy Resiliency
			Electrical Grid
			Climate and Natural Disasters
		Geopolitical Circumstances
			Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
		Sources
	Uganda
		National Energy Introduction
			Energy Policies (Key Internal Policies the Country Has)
			Trends in Generation Technologies
			Domestic Resources (Oil, Possible Renewables)
		History of Energy (Colonialization, Who Controlled Their Domestic Resources)
		Breakdown of Energy Generation Mix
		Fossil Fuels
			Oil
			Coal
			Natural Gas
		Renewable Energy Generation
			Solar Photovoltaics
			Wind
			Hydropower
			Geothermal
			Biomass
			Biofuels
		Energy Storage Technologies
		Carbon Footprint
			Air Quality
		Energy Resiliency
			Electrical Grid
			Climate and Natural Disasters
		Summary
		References
	Zambia
		National Energy Introduction
			Energy Policies
			Trends in Generation Technologies
			Domestic Resources
		Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
			Energy Generation Mix
			Energy Consumption Mix (Fig. 3)
		Fossil Fuels
			Oil
			Coal
			Natural Gas
		Nuclear Energy
		Renewable Energy Generation
			Photovoltaics (PV)
			Wind
			Hydropower
			Ocean Energy
			Geothermal Energy
			Biomass
			Biofuels
		Energy Storage Technologies
			Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
			Country’s Future Storage Direction
		Carbon Footprint
			Most Recent Carbon Output
			Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
			Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
		Energy Resiliency
			Electrical Grid
			Climate and Natural Disasters
			Grid Resiliency
		Geopolitical Circumstances
			Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
			Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
			Education
		Summary
			Current Energy Situation
			Future Energy Situation
		Sources
	Zimbabwe
		National Energy Introduction
			Energy Policies
			Domestic Resources
		Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
			Energy Generation Mix
			Energy Consumption Mix (Fig. 3)
		Fossil Fuels
			Oil
			Coal
			Natural Gas
		Nuclear Energy
		Renewable Energy Generation
			Photovoltaics (PV)
			Wind
			Hydro
			Ocean
			Geothermal
			Biomass
			Biofuels
		Energy Storage Technologies
			Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
			Country’s Future Storage Direction
		Carbon Footprint
			Most Recent Carbon Output
			Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
			Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
		Energy Resiliency
			Electrical Grid
			Climate and Natural Disasters
			Grid Resiliency
		Geopolitical Circumstances
			Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
			Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
			Education
		Summary
			Current Energy Situation
			Future Energy Situation
		Sources
Part III: Asia
Cambodia
	National Energy Introduction
		Energy Policies
		Trends in Generation Technologies
		Domestic Resources
		History of Energy
	Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Coal
		Natural Gas
	Nuclear Energy
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind Energy
		Hydropower
		Ocean Energy
		Geothermal Energy
		Biomass
		Biofuels
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
		Country’s Future Storage Direction
	Carbon Footprint
		Most Recent Carbon Output
		Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
		Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
	Energy Resiliency
		Electrical Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
		Grid Resiliency
	Geopolitical Circumstances
		Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
		Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
		Education
	Summary
		Current Energy Situation
		Future Energy Situation
	Sources
China
	National Energy Introduction
		Energy Policies
		Trends in Generation Technologies
		Domestic Resources
		History of Energy
	Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
		Energy Generation Mix
		Energy Consumption Mix
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Coal
		Natural Gas
	Nuclear Energy
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind
		Hydro
		Ocean
		Geothermal
		Biomass
		Biofuels
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
		Country’s Future Storage Direction
	Carbon Footprint
		Most Recent Carbon Output
		Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
		Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
		Air Quality
	Energy Resiliency
		Electrical Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
		Grid Resiliency
	Geopolitical Circumstances
		Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
		Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
		Education
	Summary
		Current Energy Situation
		Future Energy Situation
	Sources
Indonesia
	National Energy Introduction
		Energy Policies
		Trends in Generation Technologies
		Domestic Resources
		History of Energy
	Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
		Energy Generation Mix
		Energy Consumption Mix
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Coal
		Natural Gas
	Nuclear Energy
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind
		Hydro
		Ocean
		Geothermal
		Biomass
		Biofuels
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
		Country’s Future Storage Direction
	Carbon Footprint
		Most Recent Carbon Output
		Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
		Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
		Air Quality
	Energy Resiliency
		Electrical Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
		Grid Resiliency
	Geopolitical Circumstances
		Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
		Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
		Education
	Summary
		Current Energy Situation
		Future Energy Situation
	Sources
Japan
	National Energy Introduction
		Energy Policies
		Trends in Generation Technologies
		Domestic Resources
		History of Energy
	Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
		Energy Generation Mix
		Energy Consumption Mix
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Coal
		Natural Gas
	Nuclear Energy
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind
		Hydro
		Ocean
		Geothermal
		Biomass
		Biofuels
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
		Country’s Future Storage Direction
	Carbon Footprint
		Most Recent Carbon Output
		Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
		Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
		Air Quality
	Energy Resiliency
		Electrical Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
		Grid Resiliency
	Geopolitical Circumstances
		Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
		Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
		Education
	Summary
		Current Energy Situation
		Future Energy Situation
	Sources
Lebanon
	National Energy Introduction
		Energy Policies
	Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
		Energy Generation Mix (Figs. 3 and 4)
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Natural Gas
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind
		Hydro
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Future Storage Direction
	Carbon Footprint
		Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
	Energy Resiliency
		Electrical Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
		Future Energy Situation
	Sources
Nepal
	National Energy Introduction
		Energy Policies
		Trends in Generation Technologies
		Domestic Resources
		History of Energy
	Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
		Energy Consumption Mix (Fig. 3)
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Coal
		Natural Gas
	Nuclear Energy
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind
		Hydro
		Biomass
		Biofuels
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Future Storage Direction
	Carbon Footprint
		Most Recent Carbon Output
		Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint (Fig. 4)
		Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
	Energy Resiliency
		Electrical Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
		Grid Resiliency
	Geopolitical Circumstances
		Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
		Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
		Education
	Summary
		Current Energy Situation
		Future Energy Situation
	Sources
Pakistan
	National Energy Introduction
		Energy Policies
		Trends in Generation Technologies
		Domestic Resources
		History of Energy
	Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Coal
		Natural Gas
	Nuclear Energy
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind
		Hydro
		Ocean
		Geothermal
		Biomass
		Biofuels
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
		Country’s Future Storage Direction
	Carbon Footprint
		Most Recent Carbon Output
		Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
		Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
		Air Quality
	Energy Resiliency
		Electrical Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
	Geopolitical Circumstances
		Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
		Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
	Sources
Qatar
	National Energy Introduction
		Energy Policies
		Trends in Generation Technologies (Fig. 1)
		Domestic Resources
		History of Energy
	Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
		Energy Generation Mix
		Energy Consumption Mix
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Coal
		Natural Gas
	Nuclear Energy
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind
		Hydro
		Ocean
		Geothermal
		Biomass
		Biofuels
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
		Country’s Future Storage Direction
	Carbon Footprint
		Most Recent Carbon Output
		Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
		Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
		Air Quality
	Energy Resiliency
		Climate and Natural Disasters
		Grid Resiliency
	Geopolitical Circumstances
		Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
		Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
		Education
	Summary
		Current Energy Situation
		Future Energy Situation
	Sources
Thailand
	National Energy Introduction
		Energy Policies
		Trends in Generation Technologies
		Domestic Resources
		History of Energy
	Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
		Energy Generation Mix (Fig. 3)
		Energy Consumption Mix (Fig. 4)
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Coal
		Natural Gas
	Nuclear Energy
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind
		Hydro
		Ocean
		Geothermal
		Biomass
		Biofuels
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
		Country’s Future Storage Direction
	Carbon Footprint
		Most Recent Carbon Output
		Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
		Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
		Air Quality
	Energy Resiliency
		Electrical Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
		Grid Resiliency
	Geopolitical Circumstances
		Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
		Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
		Education
	Summary
		Current Energy Situation
		Future Energy Situation
	Sources
Vietnam
	National Energy Introduction
		Trends in Generation Technologies
		Domestic Resources
		History of Energy
	Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
		Energy Generation Mix
		Energy Consumption Mix
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Coal
		Natural Gas
	Nuclear Energy
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind
		Hydro
		Ocean
		Geothermal
		Biomass
		Biofuels
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
		Country’s Future Storage Direction
	Carbon Footprint
		Most Recent Carbon Output
	Energy Resiliency
		Electrical Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
	Geopolitical Circumstances
		Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
		Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
	Summary
		Current Energy Situation
		Future Energy Situation
	Sources
Part IV: Americas
Argentina
	National Energy Introduction
		Energy Policies
		Trends in Generation Technologies
		Domestic Resources
		History of Energy
	Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Coal
		Natural Gas
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind
		Hydro
		Ocean
		Geothermal
		Biomass
		Biofuels
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
	Energy Resiliency
		Electrical Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
		Grid Resiliency
	Geopolitical Circumstances
		Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
	Sources
Canada
	National Energy Introduction
		Energy Policies
		Trends in Generation Technologies (Fig. 1)
		Domestic Resources
		History of Energy
	Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
		Energy Generation Mix (Fig. 2)
		Energy Consumption Mix (Fig. 3)
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Coal
		Natural Gas
	Nuclear Energy
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind
		Hydropower
		Ocean
		Geothermal
		Biomass
		Biofuels
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
		Country’s Future Storage Direction
	Carbon Footprint
		Most Recent Carbon Output
		Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
		Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
		Air Quality
	Energy Resiliency
		Electrical Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
		Grid Resiliency
	Geopolitical Circumstances
		Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
		Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
		Education
	Summary
		Current Energy Situation
		Future Energy Situation
	Sources
Cuba
	National Energy Introduction
		Energy Policies
		Trends in Generation Technologies
		Domestic Resources
		History of Energy
	Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Coal
		Natural Gas
	Nuclear Energy
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind
		Hydropower
		Ocean
		Geothermal
		Biomass
		Biofuels
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
		Country’s Future Storage Direction
	Carbon Footprint
		Most Recent Carbon Output
		Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
		Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
		Air Quality
	Energy Resiliency
		Electrical Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
		Grid Resiliency
	Geopolitical Circumstances
		Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
		Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
		Education
	Summary
		Current Energy Situation
		Future Energy Situation
	Sources
Haiti
	National Energy Introduction
		Energy Policies
		Domestic Resources
		History of Energy
	Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
		Energy Generation Mix
		Energy Consumption Mix
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Coal
		Natural Gas
	Nuclear Energy
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind
		Hydro
		Ocean
		Geothermal
		Biomass
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
		Country’s Future Storage Direction
	Carbon Footprint
		Most Recent Carbon Output
		Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
		Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
		Air Quality
	Energy Resiliency
		Electrical Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
	Geopolitical Circumstances
		Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
		Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
		Education
	Summary
		Current Energy Situation
		Future Energy Situation
	Sources
Panama
	National Energy Introduction
		Energy Policies
		Trends in Generation Technologies
		Domestic Resources
		History of Energy
	Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Coal
		Natural Gas
	Nuclear Energy
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind
		Hydro
		Ocean
		Geothermal
		Biomass
		Biofuels
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
		Country’s Future Storage Direction
	Carbon Footprint
		Most Recent Carbon Output
		Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
		Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
		Air Quality
	Energy Resiliency
		Electrical Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
		Grid Resiliency
	Geopolitical Circumstances
		Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
		Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
		Education
	Summary
		Current Energy Situation
		Future Energy Situation
	Sources
Puerto Rico
	National Energy Introduction
		Energy Policies
		Trends in Generation Technologies
		Domestic Resources
		History of Energy
	Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Coal
		Natural Gas
	Nuclear Energy
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind
		Hydro
		Ocean
		Geothermal
		Biomass
		Biofuels
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
		Country’s Future Storage Direction
	Carbon Footprint
		Most Recent Carbon Output
		Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
		Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
		Air Quality
	Energy Resiliency
		Electrical Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
	Geopolitical Circumstances
		Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
		Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
		Current Renewable Energy Goals
	Sources
Uruguay
	National Energy Introduction
		Energy Policies
	Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
		Energy Generation Mix (Fig. 2)
		Energy Consumption Mix (Fig. 3)
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Coal
		Natural Gas
	Nuclear Energy
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind
		Hydro
		Ocean
		Geothermal
		Biomass
		Biofuels
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
		Country’s Future Storage Direction
	Carbon Footprint
		Most Recent Carbon Output
		Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
		Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
		Air Quality
	Energy Resiliency
		Electrical Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
		Grid Resiliency
	Geopolitical Circumstances
		Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
		Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
		Education
	Summary
		Current Energy Situation
		Future Energy Situation
	Sources
Venezuela
	National Energy Introduction
		Energy Policies
		Domestic Resources
		History of Energy
	Breakdown of the Energy Generation “Mix”
		Energy Generation Mix
		Energy Consumption Mix
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Coal
		Natural Gas
	Nuclear Energy
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind
		Hydropower
		Ocean
		Geothermal
		Biofuels
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
	Carbon Footprint
		Most Recent Carbon Output
		Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
		Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
		Air Quality
	Energy Resiliency
		Electrical Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
		Grid Resiliency
	Geopolitical Conditions
		Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
		Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
		Education
	Summary
		Current Energy Situation
		Future Energy Situation
	Sources
Part V: Europe
European Union
	National Energy Introduction
		Energy Policies
		Trends in Generation Technologies
	Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
		Energy Generation Mix
		Energy Consumption Mix
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Coal
		Natural Gas
	Nuclear Energy
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind
		Hydro
		Ocean
		Geothermal
		Biomass
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
		Country’s Future Storage Direction
	Carbon Footprint
		Most Recent Carbon Output
		Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
		Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
		Air Quality
	Energy Resiliency
		Electrical Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
		Grid Resiliency
	Geopolitical Circumstances
		Reliance on Foreign Fossil Fuels
		Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
	Summary
		Current Energy Situation
		Future Energy Situation
	Sources
Macedonia
	National Energy Introduction
	Breakdown of Energy Generation and Consumption “Mix”
		Energy Generation Mix
		Energy Consumption Mix
		Fossil Fuels
			Oil
			Coal
			Natural Gas
			Nuclear Energy
		Renewable Energy Generation
			Solar Photovoltaics (Solar PV)
			Wind
			Hydropower
			Ocean
			Geothermal
			Biomass
			Biofuels
	Energy Storage Technologies
	Greenhouse Gas Emissions
	Energy Resiliency
		Macedonia’s Electric Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
	Geopolitical Circumstances
	Education
	Summary
	Sources
Switzerland
	National Energy Introduction
		Energy Policies
		Domestic Resources
	Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
		Energy Generation Mix
		Energy Consumption Mix
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Coal
		Natural Gas
	Nuclear Energy
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind
		Hydro
		Ocean
		Geothermal
		Biomass
		Biofuels
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
	Country’s Future Storage Direction
	Energy Resiliency
	Energy Resiliency
		Electrical Grid
		Climate and Natural Disasters
	Geopolitical Circumstances
		Relations with Global Community/Socioeconomic Influence
	Sources
Ukraine
	National Energy Introduction
		Energy Policies
		Domestic Resources
		History of Energy
	Breakdown of Energy Generation “Mix”
		Energy Generation Mix
		Energy Consumption Mix
	Fossil Fuels
		Oil
		Coal
		Natural Gas
	Nuclear Energy
	Renewable Energy Generation
		Photovoltaics (PV)
		Wind
		Hydro
		Ocean
		Geothermal
		Biomass
		Biofuels
	Energy Storage Technologies
		Country’s Current Implementation of Energy Storage Techniques
		Country’s Future Storage Direction
	Carbon Footprint
		Most Recent Carbon Output
		Historical Trends of Carbon Footprint
		Types and Main Sources of Pollutants
		Air Quality
	Energy Resiliency
		Electrical Grid
		Grid Resiliency
		Education
	Summary
		Current Energy Situation
		Future Energy Situation
	Sources
Index