Women and the Ideology of Political Exclusion: From Classical Antiquity to the Modern Era

Women and the Ideology of Political Exclusion- Front Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Contents
List of illustrations
	Figures
	Table
Notes on contributors
Acknowledgments
Introduction: the ideological construct of the ‘inferior female’
	Continuities and breaks
	The clash between democracy and patriarchy
	Beyond the dismantling of democracy
	Shift in scholarly focus
	Goals and objectives
	Methodological considerations and overview of essays
	References
PART I:
Greek and Roman antiquity
Chapter 1: Solon’s legislation and women’s incompatibility with
state ideology
	Introduction
	Dowry and marriage
	Female nature and character
	Funeral laws and mourning practices
	Conclusion
	Notes
	References
Chapter 2: Making men and making women: ‘male superiority’
in archaic Athens
	Archaic Athenian cemeteries: “a parade ground of masculinity”
	Masculinity in action: athletics, pederasty, and the symposium
	Herms, tyrannicides, and changing Athenian masculinity
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 3: Powerful women and gender ideology in Herodotus’ Histories
	The rhetoric of female inferiority
	The constraints of nomos and gender performance
	Gender fluidity: the case of Artemisia
	Tomyris
	Pheretime
	Conclusion
	Notes
	References
Chapter 4: Women in Thucydides: absence and inferiority
	Omission and relegation
	Passivity and detriment: marginalized aristocratic wives
	Women in war: murder, walls, and stasis
	Conclusion
	Notes
	References
Chapter 5: Autochthonous landscape and female exclusion in the
Athenian democracy
	Athenian autochthony and motherhood
	Athenian autochthony and fatherhood
	Women in the public sphere: politics and military
	Notes
	References
Chapter 6: The politics of female madness in Greek tragedy
	Introduction
	Defining female madness
	The case of Aeschylus’ Clytemnestra
	Conclusion
	Notes
	References
Chapter 7: Mechanisms of exclusion: women between ritual
and emotion
	Vengeful maidens
	Aeschylus’ suppliant maidens: when women create problems to men
	Euripides’ suppliant mothers: when women are ignored by men
	Conclusion
	Notes
	References
Chapter 8: Dangerous bodies: Plato’s Laws and the ideology of
female inferiority in fourth-century Athens
	Women as political actors in the Laws and The Republic
	Movable wombs, inferior souls, and the dangers of female nature
	Conclusion: female nature and its implications for political participation in the Laws
	Notes
	References
Chapter 9: Politics of the deformed: women, slaves, and democracy
in Aristotle
	Women as deformed men
	Natural slaves as deformed Greeks
	Ethical deficiencies of the deformed: akrasia and akolasia
	The state: a composite of mind and body
	Conclusion
	Notes
	References
Chapter 10: Women in associations in classical and Hellenistic Athens
	Introduction
	The evidence
	Explaining the evidence
	Explaining inclusion
	Democracy and exclusion
	Exclusion and ideology
	Conclusion
	Notes
	References
Chapter 11: Female reticence in republican Rome: agency and the
performance of exclusion
	Resisting the Lex Oppia
	Challenging the Triumvirs’ authority
	Taking initiative in the early Republic
	Voice or the ‘art of resistance’
	The damnatio memoriae of women’s voice
	Female agency
	The performance of gender exclusion
	Notes
	References
PART II:
Renaissance through modernity
Chapter 12: Gendering civic humanism: political subjecthood and male hegemony in Renaissance Italy
	Introduction: revisiting civic humanism
	Spatial conceptualizations of sociability and political virtue
	Inherited liberty and natural subjection
	Reason and eloquence as sites of exclusion
	Learning for men, learning for women
	Conclusion: ruptures, continuities, and antinomies
	Notes
	References
Chapter 13: The materiality of female agency: Madre María de San José’s writings in seventeenth-century New Spain
	The socio-cultural context of the Vida
	Rhetorical stratagems of the weak and the strong
	Manuscript materiality and female agency
	Notes
	References
Chapter 14: Woman reclaimed: subverting feminine exclusion in the
works of María de Zayas in seventeenth-century Spain
	Introduction
	Short stories: Desengaños Amorosos
	Gender transgressions in Novelas Amorosas y Ejemplares
	Notes
	References
Chapter 15: Women and French democracy, 1789–1804: between the
guillotine and the Civil Code limitations
	French women’s political activism
	From engaging in the Revolution to the limitations of the Napoleonic Code
	Conclusion: no ‘Liberty, Equality, Fraternity’ for women
	Notes
	References
Chapter 16: Mary Chesnut’s Civil War: female exclusion and race
in the American South
	Gender limitations
	Dividing women along race lines
	The effect of the Civil War
	Notes
	References
Chapter 17: A “Society of Outsiders”: Virginia Woolf’s feminist agenda in
A Room of One’s Own and Three Guineas
	Heading toward women’s suffrage
	A Room of One’s Own
	Three Guineas
	Notes
	References
Chapter 18: Gender equality law in Greece and the European Union:
the trajectory from exclusion to inclusion
	Introduction
	The institutionalization of gender equality in Greece
	The EU legal framework on gender equality as an expedient of change
	Conclusion
	Notes
	References
Chapter 19: Gender, citizenship, and political inclusion/exclusion in the European Union: an intersectional approach
	Introduction
	Intersectionality
	European policies on gender, discrimination, migration, and asylum
	Gender equality policies of the EC/EU
	Intersecting policies: equality and anti-discrimination
	Intersecting policies: asylum, migration, and discrimination
	Contemporary discourses on gender, ethnicity/race, and citizenship
	Conclusion
	Notes
	References
Index