Womanhoods and Equality in the United States: 20th–21st Century Perspectives

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
List of Contributors
Acknowledgements
Foreword
	Constituting Womanhood: A Century of Struggle for the Equal Rights Amendment
	The Introduction of the Equal Rights Amendment
	Early Contestation Over Women’s Need for Labor Protections
	Navigating Political Power in Congress
	Divided Womanhood and the Rules of Ratification
	Changing the Rules of Change
	Conclusion
	Notes
Introduction
	Womanhoods
	Equality
	A Mosaic
	Notes
	Reference List
Part I Fashioning and Refashioning Womanhoods
	1 Echoes of Womanhood: Listening to Women’s Voices On the Radio
		Gender Trouble On the Air
		WNYC: Womanhood(s) of New York City
		Conclusion
		Notes
		Reference List
	2 Women’s Magazines and Fashion Magazines as (Re)Sources for (De)Constructing Womanhood: Working...
		Producing Femininity: Fashion Magazines’ Format and Power Dynamics
		Representing Women in Changing Times: The Case of the Women’s Movement as Seen Through Vogue and Harper’s Bazaar
		Readers’ Agency and Individual Readings: Fashion Magazines as Unilateral Purveyors of Content?
		Conclusion
		Notes
		Reference List
	3 The Right to Be Beautiful: Annie Malone, Beauty Culture, and New Negro Womanhood
		An Elitist Vision of New Negro Womanhood
		Stereotypes of “Ugliness”
		Beauty Culture and the Restrictive Construction of Black Women’s Bodies
		Beauty Culture as a Space of Redefinition of New Negro Womanhood
		Annie Malone and New Negro Womanhoods
		Advertising New Negro Womanhood
		Conclusion
		Notes
		Reference List
Part II Violence and Womanhood
	4 The Paradox of Violent Women in the U.S. Antiabortion Movement
		Coverture as a Dividing Line Between Progressive and Conservative Women
		Beauty as a Conservative Value
		Violence as an Escape From the Beauty Cult?
		Conclusion
		Notes
		Reference List
	5 Gender-Based and State Violence From Central America to the U.S./Mexico Border: From Invisibility to Visibility
		Fleeing Violence in the Country of Origin to Experiencing Other Kinds of Violence On the Migratory Journey
		Escaping Violence Through Migrant Caravans as a Way to Gain Visibility and Avoid More Violence
		Dealing With the Impacts of the Migrant Protection Protocols On the 2018 Migrant Caravan in Douglas/Agua Prieta
		Border Art as a Means to Resist and Denounce Violence at the U.S./Mexico Border
		Conclusion
		Notes
		Reference List
	6 Title IX: Fighting Sexual Violence On U.S. College Campuses By Reframing It as Sex Discrimination
		Defining Sexual Harassment as a Form of Sex Discrimination in Higher Education
			Theorizing Sexual Harassment in the Workplace as Sex Discrimination
			Sexual Harassment From the Workplace to Educational Institutions
			Sexual Violence On College Campuses: From a Criminal to a Civil Rights Approach
			Expanding the Scope of Title IX in Sexual Harassment Claims
		Leveraging Title IX to Hold Colleges Accountable for Instances of Sexual Violence
			OCR’s Shift to Stronger Enforcement of Title IX
			The Momentum for Student Activism Against Campus Sexual Violence
		A Conservative Backlash
			Strengthening Title IX to Better Address Sexual Violence in Higher Education
		Conclusion
		Notes
		Reference List
Part III Womanhood: Sites of Debate and Negotiation
	7 “Just a Housewife”: Reassessing Feminist Portrayals of the American Housewife in the 1960s and 1970s
		How the Doctrine of Separate Spheres Shaped Domesticity
		“Why I Want a Wife”: The Unquantifiable Nature of Housework and Care Work
		The Home as the Site of Women’s Oppression
		Conclusion
		Notes
		Reference List
	8 Legal Frames, Scientific “Expertise,” and Abortion Debates in the United States
		Politicized Science, Morality Politics, and Abortion Expertise
		Legal Framing Junctures and Their Effect On Scientific Expertise
		Medical Knowledge and Credibility Struggles: Texas SB 8 and Dobbs V. Jackson Women’s Health Organization
		Conclusion
		Notes
		Reference List
Index