Wolters Klewitt 11th Edition

1 Benefits and Risks Associated with Physical Activity
Introduction
Physical activity and Fitness Terminology
Public Health Perspective for Current Recommendations
Sedentary Behavior and Health
Health Benefits of Regular Physical activity and Exercise
Health Benefits of Improving Muscular Fitness
Risks associated With Physical activity and Exercise
Exercise-Related Musculoskeletal injury
Sudden Cardiac Death among Young individuals
Exercise-Related Cardiac Events in adults
Exercise Testing and the Risk of Cardiac Events
Risks of Cardiac Events During Cardiac Rehabilitation
Prevention of Exercise-Related Cardiac Events
2 Preexercise Evaluation
Introduction
informed Consent
Exercise Preparticipation Health Screening
	American College of Sports Medicine Preparticipation Screening Process
	American College of Sports Medicine Preparticipation Screening algorithm
	Algorithm Components
	Using the algorithm
	Alternative Self-Guided Method
	Exercise Testing
	Risk Stratification for individuals With Clinical Conditions and Medical Fitness Facilities
Preexercise Evaluation
Medical History and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor assessment
	Additional Recommendations
3 Health-Related Physical Fitness Testing and Interpretation
Introduction
Purposes of Health-Related Physical Fitness Testing
	Pretest instructions for Fitness Testing
	Organizing the Fitness Test
	Test Environment
A Comprehensive Health Fitness Evaluation
Measurement of Resting Heart Rate and Blood Pressure
Body Composition
	Anthropometric Methods
	Height, Weight, and Body Mass index
	Circumferences
	Skinfold Measurements
	Densitometry
	Conversion of Body Density to Body Composition
	Other Techniques
	Body Composition Norms
Cardiorespiratory Fitness
	the Concept of Maximal Oxygen Uptake
	Maximal Versus Submaximal Exercise Testing
	Cardiorespiratory Test Sequence and Measures
	Test Termination Criteria
	Modes of Testing
	Treadmill Tests
	Cycle Ergometer Tests
	Field Tests
	Submaximal Exercise Tests
	Interpretation of Results
Muscular Fitness
	Rationale
	Principles
	Muscular Strength
	Muscular Endurance
	Muscular Power
Flexibility
Balance
4 Clinical Exercise Testing and Interpretation
Introduction
Indications for a Clinical Exercise Test
Conducting the Clinical Exercise Test
	Testing Staff
	Testing Mode and Protocol
	Monitoring and Test Termination
	Postexercise
	Safety
Interpreting the Clinical Exercise Test
	Heart Rate Response
	Blood Pressure Response
	Rate-Pressure Product
	Electrocardiogram
	Symptoms
	Exercise Capacity
	Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing
	Maximal Versus Peak Cardiorespiratory Stress
Diagnostic Value of Exercise Testing for the Detection of ischemic Heart Disease
	Sensitivity, Specificity, and Predictive Value
	Clinical Exercise Test Data and Prognosis
Clinical Exercise Tests With Imaging
Field Walking Tests
5 General Principles of Exercise Prescription
An introduction to the Principles of Exercise Prescription
General Considerations for Exercise Prescription
Components of the Exercise Training Session
Cardiorespiratory Fitness
	Frequency of aerobic Exercise
	Intensity of aerobic Exercise
	Methods of Estimating intensity of aerobic Exercise
	Time (Duration) of aerobic Exercise
	Type (Mode)
	Volume (Quantity) of aerobic Exercise
	Progression of aerobic Exercise
Resistance Training
	Frequency of Resistance Training Exercise
	Intensity of Resistance Training Exercise
	Types of Resistance Training Exercises
	Rest intervals for Resistance Training Exercises
	Volume (Number of Sets Per Week) of Resistance Training Exercise
	Progression of Resistance Training Exercise
Flexibility
	Types of Flexibility Exercises
	Volume of Flexibility Exercise (Time, Repetitions, and Frequency)
6 Exercise Prescription for Healthy Populations Special Considerations
Children and adolescents
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Aerobic Exercise
	Resistance Exercise
	Bone Strengthening Exercise
	Special Considerations
Low Back Pain
	Exercise Testing
	Cardiorespiratory Fitness
	Muscular Strength and Endurance
	Flexibility
	Exercise Prescription
	Special Considerations
Older adults
	Exercise Testing
	Physical Performance Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Neuromotor (Balance) Exercises and Power Weight Training for Frequent Fallers or individuals With Mobility Limitations
	Special Considerations for Exercise Programming
Pregnancy
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Health Screening
	Exercise Frequency, Duration, and intensity
	Exercise Types to Consider
	Exercise Types to avoid
	Special Considerations
	Exercise During Postpartum
7 Environmental Considerations for Exercise Prescription
Introduction
Exercise in High-altitude Environments
	Altitude acclimatization
	Rapid ascent
	assessing individual altitude acclimatization Status
	Medical Considerations: altitude Illnesses and Preexisting Conditions
	Prevention and Treatment of altitude Sickness
	Exercise Prescription
	Special Considerations
	organizational Planning
Exercise in Cold Environments
	Medical Considerations: Cold injuries
	Cardiac and Respiratory Considerations
	Clothing Considerations
	Exercise Prescription
Exercise in Hot Environments
	Counteracting Dehydration
	Medical Considerations: Exertional Heat Illnesses
	Exercise Prescription
	Special Considerations
8 Exercise Prescription for Individuals with Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Diseases
Introduction
Cardiovascular, Peripheral arterial, and Pulmonary Diseases
	Inpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs
	Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation
	Exercise Prescription
	Continuous Electrocardiographic Monitoring
	Exercise Prescription Without a Preparticipation Exercise Test
	Lifestyle Physical activity
	Individuals With Heart Failure
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Special Considerations
	Special Considerations for individuals With a Left Ventricular assist Device
	Individuals With a Sternotomy
	Special Considerations for Sternotomy
	Pacemaker and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator
	Exercise Training Considerations
	Individuals after Cardiac Transplantation
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Special Considerations
Individuals With Peripheral artery Disease
	Exercise Testing
	Fitt Recommendations for individuals With Peripheral artery Disease
	Exercise Training Considerations
Individuals With a Cerebrovascular accident (Stroke)
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Exercise Training Considerations
	Other Considerations
	Exercise Training for Return to Work
Pulmonary Diseases
	Asthma
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Special Considerations
	Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Exercise Training Considerations
	Special Considerations
	Exercise Training for Pulmonary Diseases Other Than Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
	Pulmonary arterial Hypertension
	Interstitial Lung Disease
	Cystic Fibrosis
	Lung Transplantation
	Other Tests of Muscular Fitness for individuals With Chronic Lung Disease
9 Exercise Prescription for Individuals with Metabolic Disease and Cardiovascular
Introduction
Diabetes Mellitus
	Benefits of Regular Physical activity for Diabetes
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Exercise Training Considerations
	Special Considerations
Dyslipidemia
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Exercise Training Considerations
	Special Consideration
Hypertension
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Exercise Training Considerations
	Special Considerations
Metabolic Syndrome
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription/Special Considerations
Overweight and Obesity
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Exercise Training Considerations
	Special Considerations
	Bariatric Surgery
10 Exercise Testing and Prescription for Populations with Other Chronic Diseases and Health Conditions
Introduction
Arthritis
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Exercise Training Considerations
	Special Considerations
Cancer
	Overview of Importance of Physical activity in Cancer Survivors
	Cancer-Related Mortality
	Physiological and Quality of Life Outcomes
	Physical activity Patterns in Cancer Survivors
	Preparticipation Evaluation
	Preexercise assessments
	Medical assessment and Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	General Recommendations
	Fitt Principle
	Summary
Fibromyalgia
	Exercise Testing
	Before Testing
	During Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Exercise Training Considerations
	Special Considerations
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Exercise Training Considerations
	Special Considerations
Kidney Disease
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Exercise Training Considerations
	Special Considerations
Multiple Sclerosis
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Testing Considerations
	Exercise Prescription
	Exercise Training Considerations
	Special Considerations
Osteoporosis
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Special Considerations
Spinal Cord injury
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Exercise Training Considerations
	Special Considerations
	Autonomic
	Musculoskeletal
	Skin
	Exercise Options
Multiple Chronic Diseases and Health Conditions
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Special Considerations
11 Brain Health and Brain-Related Disorders
Introduction
attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Exercise Considerations
	Special Considerations
	Future Directions
Alzheimer’S Disease
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Exercise Considerations
	Special Considerations
	Future Directions
Anxiety and Depression
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Anxiety
	Depression
	Exercise Considerations
	Special Considerations
	Future Directions
Autism Spectrum Disorder
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Exercise Training Considerations
	Future Directions
Cerebral Palsy
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Testing Considerations
	Special Considerations
	Exercise Prescription
	Special Considerations
	Future Directions
	Intellectual Disability and Down Syndrome
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Prescription
	Special Considerations for individuals With intellectual Disability
	Special Considerations for individuals With Down Syndrome
	Future Directions
	Parkinson’S Disease
	Exercise Testing
	Exercise Programming
	Recommendations for Neuromotor Exercise for individuals With Parkinson’S Disease
	Exercise Training Modalities and Considerations
	Special Considerations
	Future Directions
12 Behavioral Theories and Strategies for Promoting Exercise
Introduction
Modifying the Exercise Prescription
	Frequency/Time
	Intensity
	Type
Theoretical Foundations for Understanding Exercise Behavior
	Social Cognitive theory
	Transtheoretical Model
	Health Belief Model
	Self-Determination theory
	Theory of Planned Behavior
	Social Ecological Models
	Dual Processing theories
Strategies and approaches for increasing Physical activity
	Enhancing Self-Efficacy
	Self-Monitoring
	Goal Setting
	Implementation intentions
	Reinforcement
	Social Support
	Problem Solving
	Affect Regulation
	Relapse Prevention
	Brief Counseling and Motivational interviewing
	Stage of Change Tailored Counseling
	Group Leader Effectiveness
Special Populations
	Cultural Diversity
	Older adults
	Individuals With Mental Illness
	Youth
	Individuals With Obesity
	Individuals With Chronic Diseases and Health Conditions
Appendix A Common Medications
Appendix B Electrocardiogram Interpretation
Appendix C American College of Sports Medicine Certifi cations
Appendix D Metabolic Calculations and Methods for Prescribing Exercise Intensity
Appendix E Contributing Authors to the Previous Two Editions
	Index