Wise Use of Mires and Peatlands

Muh_Prophet......Page 1
منتديات طالب العلم المسلم......Page 2
Joosten & Clarke - Wise use of Mires and Peatlands - Background and Principles including a Framework.pdf......Page 3
Contents......Page 6
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1.2  'Sustainable' and 'Wise' Use in key conventions......Page 21
1.3  Preparation of a Wise Use document......Page 22
1.5  Purpose of the document......Page 24
 1.7  Target organisations......Page 25
2.1  Concepts and terms1......Page 27
2.3  Mire and peatland types......Page 28
2.4   Extent and location of mires and peatlands......Page 35
2.5  Rates of peat and carbon accumulation......Page 36
2.6   Characteristics of mires and peatlands......Page 38
2.7  Peatlands as habitats and ecosystems......Page 39
3.1.  What are Values?......Page 48
3.2   Positions with respect to intrinsic moral values......Page 49
3.3   Types of instrumental values......Page 50
3.4.1  Production functions......Page 51
3.4.4  Informational functions......Page 86
3.4.5  Transformation and option functions......Page 93
3.4.6 The values of conservation and economics......Page 94
4.2   Needs, wants and rights......Page 104
4.5  Conflicts dealing with preferences......Page 106
4.6  Conflicts dealing  with precedences......Page 107
4.7  Conflicts dealing with priorities......Page 109
4.8  The monetarisation of peatland values......Page 111
4.9  Conflicts dealing with moral positions......Page 115
4.10  Non-anthropocentric approaches......Page 116
5.1  Introduction......Page 123
5.2.1  The effect of a use on the function itself......Page 125
5.2.2.  The effect of a use on other functions......Page 126
 5.3   General Considerations......Page 127
5.4  Guidance Principles for Wise Use......Page 128
5.5  Modifiers......Page 130
 5.6.1  Instruments at an international level......Page 131
 5.6.3  Instruments at a national level......Page 132
5.6.4  Instruments at sub-national level involving provinces......Page 136
 5.6.5  Instruments at the level of enterprises......Page 138
5.6.6  Instruments at the level of the individual person......Page 139
5.7  Codes of Conduct......Page 140
 5.8  Non-anthropocentric approaches......Page 141
5.9  Dialogue......Page 142
 5.10  Conclusion......Page 143
Glossary of Concepts and Terms......Page 165
Acknowledgements......Page 181
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