Wireless Technology: Kilohertz to Megahertz

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of Contents
Preface
About the Author
1 The History of the Development of Wireless Technology
	1.1 The Beginning
		1.1.1 Introduction
		1.1.2 Who Invented the Radio?
			1.1.2.1 Introduction
			1.1.2.2 Tesla’s Lawsuit
			1.1.2.3 J C Bose’s Contribution to Wireless Technology
	1.2 Kilohertz-to-Megahertz Journey
	1.3 Developments in Gigahertz Frequency Range
	1.4 Digital Revolution and Wireless Technology
	1.5 The Emerging Terahertz Revolution
	1.6 Wireless Technology for Astronomical Studies
	1.7 Chronology of the Milestones in Wireless Technology
	References
2 Foundation for Wireless Technology: A Re-visit to Certain Topics of Electromagnetism
	2.1 Maxwell’s Equations of Electromagnetism
		2.1.1 Introduction
		2.1.2 What Prompted Maxwell to Propound his Four Equations of Electromagnetism?
			2.1.2.1 Introduction
			2.1.2.2 Inconsistency of Ampère’s Circuital Law and Maxwell’s Correction
		2.1.3 Maxwell’s Equations in Differential, Integral, and Phasor Forms
			2.1.3.1 Differential Form of Maxwell’s Equations
			2.1.3.2 Integral Form of Maxwell’s Equations
			2.1.3.3 Phasor Form of Maxwell’s Equations
		2.1.4 A Brief Note on Divergence and Curl
		2.1.5 Maxwell’s Wave Equation and its Application View-points
	2.2 Propagating Waves, Evanescent Waves and Surface Waves
		2.2.1 Introduction
		2.2.2 Propagating and Evanescent Waves
		2.2.3 Surface Waves
	2.3 Surface Plasmon and Plasmonic Waves
	References
3 Formative Stage of Wireless Technology: Modulation Techniques and Radio Receivers
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Need for Modulation and Various Modulation Techniques
		3.2.1 Limitations of Direct Baseband Transmission
		3.2.2 The Process of Modulation/ Demodulation—in Simple Terms
		3.2.3 Different Methods for Modulation
			3.2.3.1 Introduction
			3.2.3.2 Continuous (or Sinusoidal) Wave Analogue Modulation
			3.2.3.3 Pulse Analogue Modulation
	3.3 Details of Continuous Wave and Pulse Analogue Modulation Techniques
		3.3.1 Introduction
		3.3.2 Amplitude Modulation: Principle, Production and Detection
			3.3.2.1 Principle of Conventional AM, DSB-SC, SSB, VSB
			3.3.2.2 Production/Generation and Detection/Demodulation of AM Signal
			3.3.2.3 Performance Comparison of Various AM Systems and Application View-Points of AM
		3.3.3 Frequency and Phase Modulation: Principle, Production, and Detection
			3.3.3.1 Introduction
			3.3.3.2 Principle of FM/PM
			3.3.3.3 Production/Generation and Detection/Demodulation of FM Signal
			3.3.3.4 Pre-Emphasis and De-Emphasis Filtering in FM
			3.3.3.5 Advantages and Disadvantages of FM and its Applications
		3.3.4 Pulse Analogue Modulation and the Concept of Sampling
			3.3.4.1 PAM, PWM, PPM Techniques with Applications
			3.3.4.2 Sampling Principle and Sampling Theorem
	3.4 Radio Receivers
		3.4.1 Introduction
		3.4.2 TRF Receivers
		3.4.3 Heterodyne vs Homodyne techniques
		3.4.4 Superheterodyne Receivers
	References
4 Kilohertz-to-Megahertz Antennas and Radio Wave Propagation Techniques
	4.1 Kilohertz-to-Megahertz Antennas
		4.1.1 Introduction
		4.1.2 Principle of Electromagnetic Radiation with Antenna
		4.1.3 Basic Antenna Parameters
		4.1.4 Different Types of Antennas used at kHz-to-MHz Frequencies
			4.1.4.1 Basic Antennas: Hertzian Dipole, Half-Wave (λ/2) Dipole
			4.1.4.2 Specialized Antennas: Yagi–Uda Antenna, Log-Periodic Antenna, Turnstile and Batwing Antenna, Rhombic Antenna
	4.2 Radio Wave Propagation and Wireless Communication
		4.2.1 Introduction
		4.2.2 Ground Wave Propagation
		4.2.3 Wireless Communication Via Ionosphere (Sky-Wave Propagation)
			4.2.3.1 Introduction
			4.2.3.2 Principle of Propagation Via Ionosphere—Skip Distance and MUF
		4.2.4 Space Wave Propagation (LOS Propagation)
		4.2.5 Tropospheric Propagation and Atmospheric Duct Propagation for Wireless Communication
			4.2.5.1 Introduction
			4.2.5.2 Tropospheric Propagation
			4.2.5.3 Atmospheric Duct Propagation
	References
5 Active Devices and RF Transmission Lines for Wireless Technology at kHz-to-MHz
	5.1 Active Devices at kHz-to-MHz for Wireless Technology
		5.1.1 Introduction
		5.1.2 Vacuum Tubes: Diode, Triode, Tetrode, Pentode
			5.1.2.1 Introduction
			5.1.2.2 Diode Valve
			5.1.2.3 Triode Valve
			5.1.2.4 Tetrode and Pentode
		5.1.3 Solid-State Diodes and Transistors: p–n Junction Diode, BJT, and FET
			5.1.3.1 Introduction
			5.1.3.2 Operation of p–n Junction Diode
			5.1.3.3 Bipolar Junction Transistor
			5.1.3.4 Field-Effect Transistor—JFET, MOSFET, and CMOS
	5.2 Transmission Lines at kHz-to-MHz Frequencies—RF Transmission Lines
		5.2.1 Introduction
		5.2.2 Salient Features of RF Transmission Lines
			5.2.2.1 Introduction
			5.2.2.2 Terminated RF Transmission Lines
			5.2.2.3 RF Transmission Line Sections as High-Frequency Circuit Elements
	References
6 Some of the kHz-to-MHz Systems Based on Wireless Technology—Radio and Television
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Radio
		6.2.1 Introduction
		6.2.2 Basic Scheme for Radio Broadcast System
		6.2.3 Radio-Receiving Set
		6.2.4 Digital Radio Systems of Modern Times
	6.3 Television
		6.3.1 Introduction
		6.3.2 Principle of Operation of TV and Analogue TV Standards
		6.3.3 Digital TV
		6.3.4 TV Displays
	References
7 The Digital Revolution: A Game Changer of Modern Wireless Technology
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Digital vs Analogue—Advantages and Disadvantages
		7.2.1 Introduction
		7.2.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of Digital and Analogue Techniques
	7.3 Fundamentals of Digital Electronics
		7.3.1 Introduction
		7.3.2 Building Blocks of Digital Circuits—The Logic Gates
			7.3.2.1 Introduction
			7.3.2.2 Basic Logic Gates
			7.3.2.3 Logic Gate Families
		7.3.3 Applications of Logic Gates
			7.3.3.1 Introduction
			7.3.3.2 FFs, Registers, and Digital Counters
			7.3.3.3 Microprocessors and Microcontrollers
		7.3.4 Codes in Digital Electronic Systems
			7.3.4.1 Introduction
			7.3.4.2 Digital System Codes
			7.3.4.3 Error Coding in Digital Systems—Error Detection and Correction
		7.3.5 Digital Computers—Fundamentals and a Brief History of its Developments
			7.3.5.1 Fundamentals of Digital Computers
			7.3.5.2 History of Developments of Digital Computers
			7.3.5.3 Laptop and Supercomputer
			7.3.5.4 Digital Computer vs Quantum Computer
	References
Appendix: Wireless Communication Bands and their Applications
Index