Wars Overseas : Military Operations by Company and State Outside Europe, 1595-1814

Cover
Contents
	Preface
	Introduction
		Wars Overseas and Military Revolution
		Premiss and Structure
	Chapter One: The First Military Actions Overseas(1590–1602 /1621)
		The Spanish-Portuguese Empire
		Anglo-Dutch Expeditions
		Opening Moves in the Atlantic
		The Voorcompagnieën in Asia
		The States General and the Foundingof the VOC and WIC
		Conclusion
	PART I: Expansion in Asia and South Africa, 1602–1814
		Chapter Two: The Founding of an Asian Empire (1602–1635)
			The Charter and the Admirals’ Instructions
			The Battle of the Admirals
			The Twelve Years’ Truce and the First Governors-General
			Coen’s First Term
			Coen’s Second Term
			Conclusion
		Chapter Three: Consolidating the Empire (1635–1685)
			Van Diemen versus Portugal
			Endgame with Portugal
			At War with the English and French
			The Cloves Secured: Ambon
			The Cloves Secured: the Moluccas
			Decisive Action in the Eastern Archipelago: Makassar
			Punitive Expeditions
			Formosa Won and Lost
			Van Goens versus Kandy
			Leaving Bridgehead Batavia: Intervention in Mataram
			Leaving Bridgehead Batavia: Intervention in Bantam
			Conclusion
		Chapter Four: Expanding the Empire (1685–1780)
			Consolidation versus Intervention
			The First and Second Javanese Wars of Succession
			The Chinese Massacre in Batavia and the Chinese War in Mataram
			The Third Javanese War of Succession and the Partition of Mataram
			Problems Elsewhere in the Archipelago
			Hegemony in Ceylon Secured
			From Strength to Weakness: the VOC in Malabar
			Around the Arabian Sea: Pulling Back from the Periphery
			The Reforms of Van Imhoff and his Successors
			Confrontations with the French and the British
			Conclusion
		Chapter Five: The Empire’s Downfall (1780–1811)
			The Fourth Anglo-Dutch War
			Declining Power
			New Initiatives for More Effective Defence
			Revolution in Europe
			The First British Conquest
			The Treaty of Amiens and the Resumption of Fighting
			Daendels on Java
			The Second British Conquest: the End of the Empire
			Conclusion
		Chapter Six: VOC Soldiers and Seamen
			European Recruitment
			To the East and Back
			The Deployability of European Soldiers and Sailors
			Militiamen and Conscripts
			Asian Auxiliaries and Mariners
			The Sum of the Parts
			Incomes of Soldiers and Sailors
			The Quality and Cost of Military and Maritime Personnel
			Conclusion
		Chapter Seven: Naval Forces, Fortifications and Firepower
			Ships Built in the Dutch Republic
			Shipbuilding and Repair in the East
			Naval Strength in the East
			Ships’ Ordnance and Fighting Power
			Fortifications: Anchoring the Empire
			Forts and Fortifications: Construction, Maintenance, Classification
			Artillery
			Bladed Weapons and Firearms
			Powder, Ammunition, and other Essentials
			The Cost of Ships, Fortifications, and Weapons
			Conclusion
		Chapter Eight: Life on Shipboard and in Garrisons
			The Outward and Homeward Voyages
			In Batavia, Capital of the Empire
			In the Regional Garrison Towns
			Desertion
			The Image and Treatment of Enemies
			Conclusion
	PART II: Trading Posts and Colonies in the Atlantic, 1621–1814
		Chapter Nine: Expansion in the Atlantic (1621–1654)
			First Plans of Attack
			The Grand Design
			Expedition to Salvador
			Attacks on Luanda and Elmina
			Privateering
			Caribbean Outposts
			The Fight for Brazil Renewed
			Military Victories and Defeats under Johan Maurits
			The Portuguese Counterattack
			Conclusion
		Chapter Ten: Securing Outposts and Colonial Possessions (1654–1780)
			Escalating Tensions
			Run-up to the Second Anglo-Dutch War
			Michiel de Ruyter’s Secret Orders
			Recapturing Gorée
			Actions on the Gold Coast
			To the West Indies and Newfoundland
			The English Counterattack
			The Conquest of Suriname
			At War with England and France (1672–1678)
			French Attacks on the Wild Coast (1688–1712)
			Defence of Dutch Neutrality (1713–1780)
			Conclusion
		Chapter Eleven: From Company to Government (1780–1816)
			Rising Tensions
			The Fourth Anglo-Dutch War in the West Indies
			Plans for Better Defence
			The Batavian-French Period
			Conclusion
		Chapter Twelve: Non-European Enemies and Allies
			Border Areas
			Indigenous Opponents in New Netherland
			Indigenous Opponents on the Wild Coast
			War with the Maroons
			Slave Uprisings
			Indigenous Allies
			The Komenda War on the Gold Coast
			Conclusion
		Chapter Thirteen: Soldiers and Sailors in the Atlantic
			Crews and Troops
			Recruitment, Quality and Origin of Soldiers and Sailors
			Discipline and Drill
			Citizen Militias
			Black Soldiers
			Insubordination and Punishment
			Battlefield Ethics
			Conclusion
		Chapter Fourteen: Ships, Forts, and Weapons
			Ships
			Forts
			Weapons
			Financial Investment
			Conclusion
	Concluding Observations
		The Dutch Overseas
		East and West Compared
		Dutch Expansion and the Military Revolution
	Notes
		Introduction
		Chapter One
		Chapter Two
		Chapter Three
		Chapter Four
		Chapter Five
		Chapter Six
		Chapter Seven
		Chapter Eight
		Chapter Nine
		Chapter Ten
		Chapter Eleven
		Chapter Twelve
		Chapter Thirteen
		Chapter Fourteen
		Concluding Observations
	Bibliography
		Archival Sources
		Printed Sources
	List of Tables and Maps
	About the Authors
	Illustration Credits
	Index