Warding Off Evil: Apotropaic Tradition in the Dead Sea Scrolls and Synoptic Gospels

Cover
Table of Contents
Preface
Abbreviations
Chapter 1: Introduction
	1.1 Review of Demonology in the Synoptic Gospels
		1.1.1 The Nature of Demons in the Synoptic Gospels
			1.1.1.1 “Impure/Unclean Spirits” – Terminology
			1.1.1.2 The Nature of Demons – Influences from Background Traditions
		1.1.2 The Place of Satan and Demons in the Evangelists’ Theologies
			1.1.2.1 Mark: Satan and Demons
			1.1.2.2 Matthew: Satan and Demons
			1.1.2.3 Luke: Satan and Demons
		1.1.3 Demonic Possession and Exorcism in the Synoptic Gospels
			1.1.3.1 Exorcism and the Historical Jesus
			1.1.3.2 Demonic Possession and Exorcism in the Synoptic Gospels
		1.1.4 Summary of Reviews
	1.2 Conclusion, the Task of this Study
Chapter 2: Anti-Demonic Traditions in Early Judaism
	2.1 Anti-Demonic Traditions in Early Jewish Prayer: Categories and Terminology
		2.1.1 David Flusser
		2.1.2 Esther Eshel
		2.1.3 Loren Stuckenbruck
		2.1.4 Summary of Scholarly Observations
		2.1.5 Issues for Further Consideration
	2.2 Anti-Demonic Traditions in Early Jewish Prayer: Assessment of Primary Literature
		2.2.1 Biblical Antecedents
			2.2.1.1 The Priestly Blessing (Num. 6:24–26)
			2.2.1.2 Psalm 91
			2.2.1.3 Tobit
		2.2.2 Apotropaic Petitions
			2.2.2.1 Prayer of Levi in 4QAramaic Levib (4Q213a 1 i)
			2.2.2.2 Plea for Deliverance in 11QPsalmsa (11Q xix 1–18)
			2.2.2.3 Syriac Psalm in 11QPsalmsa (11Q5 xxiv 3–17)
			2.2.2.4 Psalm 91 in 11QApocryphal Psalms (11Q11 vi)
			2.2.2.5 Petitions in the Book of Jubilees
		2.2.3 Apotropaic Incantations
			2.2.3.1 1QRule of the Community (1QS ii 5–9)
			2.2.3.2 1QHodayota (1QHa 4 xxii 1–14)
			2.2.3.3 4QIncantation (4Q444 1–4 i + 5 col. i)
			2.2.3.4 4QSongs of the Sage
			2.2.3.5 6QHymn (6Q18)
		2.2.4 Exorcistic Incantations
			2.2.4.1 4QExorcism ar (4Q560)
			2.2.4.2 8QHymn (8Q5)
			2.2.4.3 11QApocryphal Psalms (11Q11 i–v)
		2.2.5 An Exorcistic Narrative in 1QGenesis Apocryphon
	2.3 Conclusions
Chapter 3: Non-Petitionary Apotropaisms in the Synoptic Gospels
	3.1 Scriptural Apotropaism in the Temptation Narrative
		3.1.1 Introductory Comments on the Temptation Narrative
		3.1.2 Deuteronomy and “Scriptural Apotropaism”
		3.1.3 The Implications of Apotropaisms in the Temptation
			3.1.3.1 Apotropaism and the Satanology/ Demonology of the Gospels
			3.1.3.2 Jesus as Practitioner of Apotropaisms
		3.1.4 Psalm 91 and “Apotropaic Inversion” in the Temptation
			3.1.4.1 Inversion Techniques
			3.1.4.2 Implications of the Satanic Inversion of Psalm 91
	3.2 Mark 9:25: An Anti-Demonic “Symbiosis?”
		3.2.1 Surrounding Traditions
		3.2.2 The Command in Mark 9:25 and its Implications for the Gospel
	3.3 Passages Alluding to Apotropaic Efficacy
		3.3.1 Anti-Demonic Authority in Luke 10:19
		3.3.2 Protection from Serpents and Poison in the Longer Ending of Mark
	3.4 Conclusions
Chapter 4: Apotropaic Petitions in the Gospels
	4.1 The Matthean Lord’s Prayer
		4.1.1 Introductory Comments on Matthew 6:9–13
		4.1.2 The Lord’s Prayer as a Deliverance Plea
		4.1.3 The Reception of the Lord’s Prayer in Apotropaic Tradition
	4.2 Jesus’ Prayer for Peter in Luke 22:31–32
	4.3 A Plea for Deliverance in John 17:15
	4.4 Conclusion
Chapter 5: Summary and Conclusion
	5.1 This Study Among Previous Assessments of Demonology in the Synoptics
	5.2 Anti-Demonic Traditions in Early Judaism
	5.3 Apotropaic Tradition in the Synoptics with Reference to John’s Gospel
	5.4 Conclusions
Bibliography
Index of Ancient Sources
	Hebrew Bible
	Deuterocanonical Source
	New Testament
	Old Testament Pseudepigrapha
	Dead Sea Scrolls
	Rabbinic Literature
Classical Sources
Index of Modern Authors
Index of Subjects and Key Terms