Vulnerability and Transformation of Indonesian Peatlands (Global Environmental Studies)

Preface\nContents\nContributors\nChapter 1: Introduction: The Vulnerability and Transformation of Indonesian Peatlands\n	1.1 Introduction\n	1.2 Vulnerability of Peatlands\n	1.3 Resilience and Adaptation of Peat Swamp Forest\n	1.4 Transformation-Peatland Restoration\n	1.5 Structure of the Book\n	References\nPart I: Vulnerability of Peat Swamp Forest\n	Chapter 2: Peatland Degradation, Timber Plantations, and Land Titles in Sumatra\n		2.1 Introduction\n			2.1.1 Background: Development Programs and Peatland Degradation\n			2.1.2 Land Ownership and Land-Use Management\n		2.2 Methodology\n			2.2.1 Selection of Research Site and Its General Description\n			2.2.2 Data Collection\n			2.2.3 Land Tenure: de Jure Land Rights and de Facto Land Rights\n		2.3 Findings\n			2.3.1 Formation of the Surveyed Settlement, In-Migration, and Peatland Degradation\n				2.3.1.1 Changes in Peat Swamp Forests Were Closely Related to Changes in the Local Population´s Ethnic Composition\n				2.3.1.2 Peatland Degradation in the Hamlet Is Closely Related to Intrusion of Timber Plantation Since 1998\n				2.3.1.3 Change in Land Tenure Along with Peatland Degradation and In-Migration\n			2.3.2 Peatland Degradation and the Land Tenure System\n				2.3.2.1 Peatland Burning on Land Owned by Respondents\n				2.3.2.2 Land Abandonment in Relation to Land Use, Acquisition, Type, and Land Title\n			2.3.3 Analysis and Discussion of Abandoned Land\n		2.4 Discussion and Conclusion\n		References\n	Chapter 3: Characteristics of Bird Community Response to Land Use Change in Tropical Peatland in Riau, Indonesia\n		3.1 Introduction\n		3.2 Methods\n			3.2.1 Datasets in Peatland\n			3.2.2 Datasets in Non-peat Lowland\n			3.2.3 Feeding Guild\n			3.2.4 Statistical Analysis\n		3.3 Results and Discussion\n			3.3.1 Bird Species Diversity on Peatland and Non-peat Lowland\n			3.3.2 Feeding Guild Change in Disturbed Sites on Peatland\n			3.3.3 Shift in Bird Community Composition along the Disturbance\n			3.3.4 Conclusion: Peatland Ecosystem for Birds\n		References\n	Chapter 4: Impact of Industrial Tree Plantation on Ground-Dwelling Mammals and Birds in a Peat Swamp Forest in Sumatra\n		4.1 Introduction\n		4.2 Materials and Methods\n			4.2.1 Study Area\n			4.2.2 Camera Trapping\n			4.2.3 Effects of Planted Acacia Plantations\n		4.3 Results\n			4.3.1 Faunal Composition in the Peat Swamp Forest of BB\n			4.3.2 Differences of Faunal Composition Between Natural Peat Swamp Forests and Planted Acacia Forests\n		4.4 Discussion\n			4.4.1 Ground-Dwelling Mammals and Bird Communities in Peat Swamp Forests\n			4.4.2 Impact of Plantation Development Converted from Natural Peat Swamp Forests on Ground-Dwelling Mammals and Bird Communiti...\n		References\n	Chapter 5: Patterns of CO2 Emission from a Drained Peatland in Kampar Peninsula, Riau Province, Indonesia\n		5.1 Introduction\n		5.2 Methodology\n		5.3 Results and Discussion\n			5.3.1 CO2 Dynamics\n			5.3.2 CO2 Correlation with Environmental Parameters\n			5.3.3 Accumulation of CO2 Emission\n		5.4 Conclusion\n		References\nPart II: Resilience and Adaptability of Peat Swamp Forest\n	Chapter 6: Termite: Friend or Foe? Conservation Values of Termites in Tropical Peat Systems\n		6.1 Introduction\n		6.2 Materials and Methods\n		6.3 Results\n		6.4 Discussion\n		6.5 Conclusion\n		Referecses\n	Chapter 7: The Timber Processing and Retail Sectors in Pekanbaru, Riau: Toward Reforestation by Local People\n		7.1 Introduction\n		7.2 Method\n			7.2.1 Research Site\n			7.2.2 Field Survey and Interviews with Stakeholders\n		7.3 Findings\n			7.3.1 Local Molding Mills and Timber Kiosks\n				7.3.1.1 Business Characteristics and Scale of Production and Sales\n				7.3.1.2 Managers´ Ethnicities and Hometowns\n				7.3.1.3 Workers\n				7.3.1.4 Business Management\n			7.3.2 Timber Supplies in Molding Mills and Timber Kiosks\n				7.3.2.1 Change in Species and Sizes of Logs and Timber\n				7.3.2.2 Timber Supply\n		7.4 Discussion\n		References\n	Chapter 8: Toward Climate Change Mitigation: Restoration of the Indonesian Peat Swamp\n		8.1 Introduction\n		8.2 Methods\n			8.2.1 Data Collection\n				8.2.1.1 Above-Ground Carbon Storage\n				8.2.1.2 Below-Ground Carbon Storage\n			8.2.2 Analysis\n				8.2.2.1 Biomass and Carbon Storage\n				8.2.2.2 Below-Ground Carbon Storage\n		8.3 Results and Discussion\n			8.3.1 Biomass Restoration and Carbon Reduction\n			8.3.2 Potential Carbon Credit in the Peatlands Ecosystem\n		8.4 Conclusion\n		References\nPart III: Transformation\n	Chapter 9: Water Management for Integrated Peatland Restoration in Pulau Tebing Tinggi PHU, Riau\n		9.1 Introduction\n		9.2 Methodology\n			9.2.1 Study Area\n			9.2.2 The Peatland of Pulau Tebing Tinggi PHU\n			9.2.3 Peatland Degradation Status\n			9.2.4 Thornthwaite Water Balance Model for Water Management\n		9.3 Results and Discussion\n			9.3.1 The Basic Concept of Water Management\n			9.3.2 Masterplan for Water Management\n			9.3.3 Implementation of Water Management\n			9.3.4 Monitoring the Progress of Restoration Efforts\n			9.3.5 Impact of Water Management\n		9.4 Conclusion\n		References\n	Chapter 10: Genetic Diversity in Peatland Restoration: A Case of Jelutung\n		10.1 Introduction\n		10.2 Planting Stocks for Peatland Restoration\n		10.3 Avoiding Failure in Revegetation in Peatland Restoration\n		10.4 Sourcing Germ Plasm for Peatland Restoration\n		10.5 The Community-Based Nursery\n		10.6 Conclusion\n		References\n	Chapter 11: Interests Arrangement in the Implementation of Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil Certification: Case Study of Sari M...\n		11.1 Introduction\n		11.2 Literature Review\n		11.3 Research Site and Methodology\n			11.3.1 Research Site\n			11.3.2 Methodology\n		11.4 Governing Palm Oil Sustainability Through Polycentric Governance and ISPO Certification\n		11.5 Findings and Discussion\n			11.5.1 Self-Governance Through Mulia and Capital Accumulation\n			11.5.2 Solving the Land Swap Problems Between Smallholders and Companies\n			11.5.3 Vague Regulations for Obtaining STDB as an ISPO Certification Requirement and Replanting\n		11.6 Conclusion\n		References