Volcanic ash soils: genesis, properties, and utilization

Volcanic Ash Soils: Genesis, Properties and Utilization......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
Plates......Page 6
Preface......Page 12
Acknowledgements......Page 16
The Authors......Page 18
Contents......Page 20
1.1. Terminology......Page 26
1.2. Central concepts......Page 27
1.3. Geographic distribution of volcanic ash soils......Page 28
References......Page 29
2.2. Morphological characteristics......Page 32
2.3. Examples of profile morphology......Page 37
References......Page 59
3.1. Introduction......Page 62
3.2. Formation of Andisols......Page 63
3.3. Transition of Andisols to other soil orders......Page 89
References......Page 92
4.1. Introduction......Page 98
4.2. Classification of Andisols......Page 99
4.3. Classification of Andosols in the FAO/Unesco Soil Map of the World......Page 115
4.4. National classifications of volcanic ash soils......Page 117
References......Page 123
5.1. Introduction......Page 126
5.2. Volcanic ash as a parent material......Page 127
5.3. Colloidal constituents common to volcanic ash soils......Page 137
5.4. Formation and transformation of colloidal constituents......Page 148
References......Page 161
6.1. Introduction......Page 170
6.2. Inorganic constituents......Page 171
6.3. Organic constituents......Page 179
6.4. Metal humus complexes......Page 187
6.5. Physico-chemical properties......Page 188
References......Page 207
7.1. Introduction......Page 214
7.2. Soil color......Page 215
7.3. Soil texture......Page 216
7.4. Soil structure......Page 218
7.5. Soil consistence......Page 220
7.6. Bulk density and porosity......Page 222
7.7. Water retention and plant available water......Page 225
7.8. Water permeability......Page 226
7.9. Irreversible changes in soil physical properties with drying......Page 227
References......Page 230
8.1. Introduction......Page 234
8.2. Soil productivity......Page 235
8.3. Chemical properties relating to soil productivity......Page 237
8.4. Physical properties relating to soil productivity......Page 260
8.5. Utilization and management of volcanic ash soils in Japan......Page 263
References......Page 270
Appendix 1. Description and selected properties of Tsukuba soil, Findley Lake soil. Abashiri soil, and Yunodai soil......Page 278
Appendix 2. Andisol TU database, 1992......Page 288
Appendix 3. Selected thermodynamic data and uncertainties used in modeling mineral stability relationships in Fig. 5.12......Page 290
Appendix 4. Reactions and equilibrium constants (25°C) used in modeling stability relationships in Fig. 5.12......Page 292
References Index......Page 294
Subject Index......Page 302