Voice quality : the laryngeal articulator model

Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
Preface
Acknowledgements
List of Abbreviations
1 Voice and Voice Quality
	1.1 Voice Quality Defined
	1.2 The Laryngeal Articulator
	1.3 Origins of Voice Quality Theory
	1.4 Articulatory Parameters
		1.4.1 Phonation Types
		1.4.2 Elaborations of the Laryngeal Articulator
	1.5 Supralaryngeal Categories
		1.5.1 Velopharyngeal Settings
		1.5.2 Lingual Settings
		1.5.3 Mandibular Settings
		1.5.4 Labial Settings
	1.6 The Pharyngeal Argument
		1.6.1 How the Pharynx Relates to the Larynx
		1.6.2 Methods of Observing the Pharynx and Larynx
		1.6.3 Categorization of Pharyngeals and Their Relationship to the Larynx
		1.6.1 How the Pharynx Relates to the Larynx
		1.6.1 How the Pharynx Relates to the Larynx
2 Laryngeal Voice Quality Classification
	2.1 States of the Larynx and Phonation Types
	2.2 Canonical States and Movements
	2.3 Laryngeal Categories
		2.3.1 Breathing/Inspiration
		2.3.2 Breath
		2.3.3 Modal Voice
		2.3.4 Prephonation
		2.3.5 Glottal Stop
		2.3.6 Epiglottal Stop
		2.3.7 Whisper
		2.3.8 Breathy Voice
		2.3.9 Whispery Voice
		2.3.10 Falsetto
		2.3.11 Creaky Voice
		2.3.12 Harsh Voice
		2.3.13 Ventricular Voice
		2.3.14 Aryepiglottic Trilling
		2.3.15 Laryngeal Constriction at High Pitch
	2.4 Tense Voice and Lax Voice
	2.5 Unconstricted vs. Constricted Laryngeal States
3 Instrumental Case Studies and Computational Simulations of Voice Quality
	3.1 Techniques to Examine Long-Term Voice Qualities
	3.2 Techniques to Image the Larynx
		3.2.1 Laryngoscopy: The Example of Aryepiglottic Trilling
		3.2.2 Cineradiography
		3.2.3 Laryngoscopy + Laryngeal Ultrasound
		3.2.4 Magnetic Resonance Imaging
	3.3 Computer Models of the Larynx and Laryngeal Constriction
		3.3.1 A 3D Laryngeal Constrictor Model
		3.3.2 A Two-Trapdoor Model of Aryepiglottic Trilling
		3.3.3 A Model of Vocal-Ventricular Fold Contact
		3.3.4 The ArtiSynth Model of the Larynx
4 Linguistic, Paralinguistic, and Extralinguistic Illustrations of Voice Quality
	4.1 Laryngeal Categories
		4.1 Laryngeal Categories
			4.1.1 Glottal Phonation Types
			4.1.2 Phonation Types with Laryngeal Constrictor Effects
			4.1.3 Laryngeal Constrictor and Larynx Height Settings
		4.2 Supralaryngeal (Oral) Categories
			4.2.1 Velopharyngeal Port Settings
			4.2.2 Tongue-Body Lingual Settings
			4.2.3 Tongue-Front Lingual Settings
			4.2.4 Jaw Settings
			4.2.5 Labial Settings
		4.3 Other Realizations of Laryngeal Constriction
			4.3.1 Glottalization and Laryngealization
			4.3.2 Laryngeal Constriction in Segmental Contrast
			4.3.3 Laryngeal Constriction in Syllabic Contrast
			4.3.4 Throat Singing
5 Phonological Implications of Voice Quality Theory
	5.1 Voice Quality in Phonological Theory: Previous Approaches
	5.2 Phonological Potentials, the Laryngeal Articulator, and Voice Quality
	5.3 Synergistic Relations Network
	5.4 Voice Quality and Register Contrasts: A Unified Approach
	5.5 Voice Quality in Sound Change: The Case of Southern Wakashan Pharyngeal Genesis
	5.6 Voice Quality in Phonology
6 Infant Acquisition of Speech and Voice Quality
	6.1 The Infant Vocal Tract
	6.2 Vocal Exploration in Infancy
	6.3 Laryngeal Voice Quality in the First Year of Life
		6.3.1 Laryngeal Quality
		6.3.2 Utterance Types
		6.3.3 Distribution of Laryngeal Constriction by Utterance Type
	6.4 Laryngeal Components of Early Babbling
	6.5 Early Laryngeal Sounds as Foundations of Speech Development
7 Clinical Illustrations of Voice Quality
	7.1 Vocal Fold Vibration
		7.1.1 Human Laryngeal Tissues
		7.1.2 The Vibratory Pattern at the Glottis (Oscillatory-Impedance Theories)
		7.1.3 Nonlinear Dynamic Theories
	7.2 Benign Pathology of the Vocal Folds with Dysphonia
		7.2.1 Functional: Muscle Tension Dysphonia, Hyper- or Hypofunction
		7.2.2 Anterior Vocal Fold Lesions: Benign Lesions: Reinke’s Edema, Vocal Nodules, Polyps, Cysts, Sulci
		7.2.3 Posterior Vocal Fold Lesions: Contact Ulcers, Granulomata, Laryngopharyngeal Reflux
	7.3 Malignant Laryngopharyngeal Lesions
		7.3.1 Total Laryngectomy
		7.3.2 Partial Laryngectomies and Laryngopharyngeal Surgery
		7.3.3 Endoscopic Laser Surgery (Cordectomy)
	7.4 Movement Disorders
		7.4.1 Vocal Fold Paralysis
		7.4.2 Parkinson’s Disease
		7.4.3 Tremor, Dystonia, Spasmodic Dysphonia, Myoclonus
	7.5 The Professional Voice: Adaptive Laryngeal Articulator Possibilities
		7.5.1 Mongolian Long Song
		7.5.2 Human Beatboxing
8 Laryngeal Articulation and Voice Quality in Sound Change, Language Ontogeny and Phylogeny
	8.1 Salience and Context
	8.2 The Axis of [e/o]
	8.3 Sound Change
	8.4 Phylogeny
References
Author/Artist Index
Subject Index