Voice disorders: scope of theory and practice

Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 2
Copyright Page......Page 3
Brief Contents......Page 6
Contents......Page 8
1 Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory and Laryngeal Systems......Page 26
 Structures of the Lower Respiratory System and Mechanics of Respiration......Page 27
  Structures of the Respiratory System......Page 28
  Muscles of Respiration......Page 31
  Respiratory Cycle......Page 33
 Lung Volumes and Capacities......Page 35
  Percentage of Vital Capacity......Page 36
 Respiratory Patterning for Speech......Page 37
  Volume of Air Inhaled and Exhaled......Page 38
  Chest‐Wall Shape......Page 39
 Nervous System Control of Respiration......Page 40
  Functions of the Larynx......Page 41
  Anatomy and Physiology of the Laryngeal System......Page 42
  True Vocal Folds......Page 54
 Muscles of the Larynx and Myoelastic Aerodynamic Theory of Vocal Fold Vibration......Page 62
  Extrinsic Muscles......Page 63
  Intrinsic Muscles......Page 67
  Myoelastic‐Aerodynamic Theory......Page 72
 Nervous System Control of the Larynx......Page 80
  Cortical Areas Involved in Phonation......Page 81
  Laryngeal Reflexes......Page 87
  Inflammation......Page 88
  Scar Remodeling......Page 90
 Vocal Registers......Page 91
  Pulse Register......Page 92
 Chapter Summary......Page 93
 Review Questions......Page 94
 Fetal Development of the Respiratory and Laryngeal Systems......Page 96
  Respiratory Development......Page 97
 Respiratory Function in Infants, Children, and Adults......Page 98
  Structure and Function of the Larynx in Infancy and Childhood......Page 101
  Puberty......Page 106
  The Adult Voice......Page 108
 The Aging Voice......Page 109
  Effects of Menopause on Voice......Page 110
  Structural Changes of the Larynx Due to Aging......Page 111
  Acoustic Effects......Page 112
  Health Status and Age‐Related Vocal Diseases......Page 115
 Review Questions......Page 117
 Appendix 2A......Page 119
 Appendix 2B......Page 120
 Appendix 2C......Page 122
3 Diagnosis and Evaluation of Voice Disorders......Page 124
  Core and Collateral Members of a Multidisciplinary Team......Page 125
  Normal Voice......Page 129
  Dysphonia......Page 130
  Case History Interview......Page 131
  Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measures......Page 137
  Auditory‐Perceptual Evaluation......Page 143
  Indirect Laryngoscopy......Page 149
  Acoustic Analysis......Page 157
  Electroglottography......Page 164
  Aerodynamic Measures......Page 168
  Laryngeal Electromyography......Page 169
 The Diagnostic Report......Page 170
  Portion of a Diagnostic Report and Related Questions......Page 171
 Chapter Summary......Page 174
 Review Questions......Page 175
 Appendix 3A......Page 176
 Appendix 3B......Page 179
 Appendix 3C......Page 181
 Appendix 3D......Page 184
4 Clinical Management and Clinical Considerations......Page 186
  Primary Prevention......Page 187
 Indirect and Direct Therapy Approaches......Page 190
  Indirect Approaches......Page 191
  Direct Approaches......Page 197
  Thyroplasty......Page 212
  Injection Laryngoplasty/Vocal Fold Augmentation......Page 216
  Airway Widening Procedures......Page 222
  Laser Microsurgery......Page 224
  Laryngeal Reinnervation......Page 225
  Patient Compliance......Page 226
  Counseling as a Component of Voice Therapy......Page 229
  Voice Therapy in the School Setting......Page 232
  Treatment for Children......Page 234
 Multicultural Factors in Clinical Management of Voice Disorders......Page 236
  Cultural Views on Disability......Page 238
  Cultural Factors and Vocal Health......Page 239
 Chapter Summary......Page 240
 Review Questions......Page 241
 Appendix 4A......Page 242
5 Structural Pathologies of the Larynx......Page 244
  Nodules......Page 245
  Polyps......Page 248
  Laryngoceles and Laryngeal Cysts......Page 252
  Leukoplakia......Page 255
  Contact Ulcers and Granulomas......Page 256
  Sulcus Vocalis......Page 259
  Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis......Page 262
  Subglottic Stenosis......Page 272
  Laryngeal Web/Glottic Stenosis......Page 280
 Laryngomalacia......Page 283
 Vascular Lesions of the Vocal Folds......Page 287
 Review Questions......Page 289
 Acute and Chronic Laryngitis......Page 292
  Acute Laryngitis......Page 293
  Chronic Laryngitis......Page 294
 Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Laryngopharyngeal Reflux......Page 295
  GERD/LPR in Children......Page 297
  Quality of Life......Page 298
  Relapsing Polychondritis......Page 306
  Rheumatoid Arthritis......Page 307
 Review Questions......Page 309
7 Neurologic Disorders Affecting Voice......Page 310
  Vocal Fold Paresis......Page 311
  Vocal Fold Paralysis......Page 312
  Myasthenia Gravis......Page 318
  Spasmodic Dysphonia......Page 320
  Essential Tremor......Page 328
  Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis......Page 330
  Parkinson’s Disease......Page 333
  Pseudobulbar Palsy......Page 338
  Multiple Sclerosis......Page 339
  Cerebellar Disorders......Page 341
  Huntington’s Disease......Page 342
 Chapter Summary......Page 344
 Review Questions......Page 345
8 Voice Disorders Related to Self, Identity, and Lifestyle......Page 346
 Features of Voice Disorders Related to Self, Personality, and Identity......Page 347
  Stress......Page 348
 Vocal Fatigue......Page 350
  Physiology of Fatigue......Page 351
  Primary Muscle Tension Dysphonia......Page 354
  Secondary Muscle Tension Dysphonia......Page 355
  The Role of Stress......Page 357
  Clinical Profile......Page 358
 Mutational Dysphonia......Page 359
  Clinical Profile......Page 360
  Transsexual......Page 361
  Standards of Care......Page 362
  Male‐to‐Female Transsexuals......Page 363
 Chapter Summary......Page 369
 Review Questions......Page 370
 Airway Difficulties......Page 372
  Dyspnea......Page 374
  Stridor......Page 375
  Spirometry......Page 376
  Pulse Oximetry......Page 378
 Asthma......Page 380
  Clinical Profile......Page 381
  Paradoxical Vocal Fold Motion......Page 384
  Links between PVFM, Asthma, and GERD......Page 388
  Chronic Cough......Page 394
 Review Questions......Page 402
10 Laryngeal Cancer......Page 404
 Incidence of Laryngeal Cancer......Page 405
 Risk Factors for and Symptoms of Laryngeal Cancer......Page 407
 Multidisciplinary Approach......Page 411
 Medical Treatment for Laryngeal Cancer......Page 412
  Radiation Therapy......Page 413
  Voice and Swallowing Following Organ Preservation Treatment......Page 414
  Resection......Page 415
  Vertical Partial Laryngectomy......Page 417
  Supraglottic Laryngectomy......Page 418
  Supracricoid Laryngectomy......Page 419
 Total Laryngectomy......Page 421
  Problems Related to Surgery......Page 424
  Voice Restoration......Page 428
 Review Questions......Page 443
Glossary......Page 444
References......Page 456
Name Index......Page 522
Subject Index......Page 540
Color Inserts......Page 558