Vascular Surgery, Neurosurgery, Lower Extremity Ulcers, Antimicrobials, Wound Assessment, Care, Measurement and Repair (Recent Clinical Techniques, Results, and Research in Wounds, 5)

Foreword1
Preface
Contents
Part I: Vascular Surgery
	The Gatti Score and the Risk of Deep Sternal Wound Infection After Bilateral Internal Thoracic Artery Grafting
		1	 Introduction
		2	 Methods
		3	 Definitions
		4	 Statistical Methods
		5	 Results
			5.1	 Risk Factors for DSWI and Multivariable Analysis Models
			5.2	 The New Predictive Scoring System for DSWI After BITA Grafting
			5.3	 Validation Studies
		6	 Discussion
		References
	Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy in Vascular Surgery
		1	 Introduction
		2	 Vascular Graft Infection
		3	 Complex Wounds in Vascular Surgery (Laparotomy and Thoracolumbotomy)
			3.1	 Laparotomy Wounds
			3.2	 Thoracolumbotomy Wounds
			3.3	 Fasciotomy Wounds
			3.4	 Wound after Amputation in Vascular Patient
				3.4.1	 Pedal Ulcers
				3.4.2	 Amputation Stump
		4	 Compartment Syndrome After Aortic Surgery
		References
	Deep Sternal Infection Following Bilateral Internal Thoracic Artery Grafting
		1	 Introduction
		2	 Why BITA?
		3	 Pathophysiology
		4	 Prevention
		References
	Deep Sternal Wound Infection After Cardiac Surgery
		1	 Introduction
		2	 Definition of DSWI
		3	 Recent Research on Incidence of DSWI After Each Cardiac Procedure
		4	 Clinical Techniques
			4.1	 Major Pectoralis Muscle Flap
			4.2	 Rectus Abdominis Muscle Flap
			4.3	 Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Flap
			4.4	 Great Omental Flap: Right and Left Gastroepiploic Artery
			4.5	 DSWI After Thoracic Aortic Surgery Using a Synthetic Prosthesis
		5	 Discussion
		References
	Pedicled and Skeletonized Single and Bilateral Internal Thoracic Artery Grafts and the Incidence of Sternal Wound Complications
		1	 Introduction
		2	 Single Versus Bilateral Internal Thoracic Artery
		3	 Pedicled Versus Skeletonized Harvesting
		References
Part II: Neurosurgery
	Wound Management and Wound Infections in Neurosurgery
		1	 Introduction
		2	 History of Wounds and Their Management in Neurosurgery
		3	 Anatomy of the Scalp
			3.1	 Skin
			3.2	 Subcutaneous
			3.3	 Galea Aponeurotica
			3.4	 Subgaleal Layer
			3.5	 Periosteum
		4	 Blood Supply of the Scalp
		5	 Surgical Techniques of Wound Closure and Approaches: Practical Implications in Neurosurgery
			5.1	 Skin Incision and Design of Surgical Flap
			5.2	 Shaving
			5.3	 Suture
			5.4	 Use of Prophylactic Antibiotics
		6	 Risk Factors for Wound Infections
		7	 Diagnosis and Management of Wound Infections
			7.1	 Diagnosis of Wound Infections
			7.2	 Treatment
		References
Part III: Lower Extremity Ulcers
	Venous Ulcers: General Information
		1	 Introduction
		2	 Community and Environmental Assessment Process Categories of Venous Disorders [5]
		3	 Cause
		4	 Risk Factors
		5	 Appearance
		6	 Past History
		7	 Differential Diagnosis
			7.1	 Arterial Ulcer
			7.2	 Neuropathic Ulcer
			7.3	 Malignancy
			7.4	 Rheumatoid Ulcer
		8	 Tests
		9	 Treatment
		10	 Complications
		11	 Secondary Prevention of a Recurrent Ulcer
		References
Part IV: Antimicrobial Therapy
	Review of Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Levofloxacin with Special Emphasis in Burn Wound Patients
		1	 Introduction
		2	 Case Study of Levofloxacin
			2.1	 Levofloxacin Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Subjects
			2.2	 Levofloxacin Pharmacokinetics in Special Populations
			2.3	 Levofloxacin Pharmacokinetics in Patients
				2.3.1	 Respiratory Infection
				2.3.2	 Miscellaneous
				2.3.3	 Renal Impairment
				2.3.4	 Levofloxacin Pharmacokinetics in Burn Injury Patients
		3	 Discussion
		References
	Bacteriology of Naja atra Snakebite Wound and Its Implications for Antibiotic Therapy
		1	 Introduction
		2	 Study Population
		3	 Definition of Wound Infection
		4	 Bacteriology and Statistics
		5	 Results
		6	 Discussion
		7	 Limitations
		References
Part V: Wound Assessment, Care, Measurement
	Managing Patients with Fistulas
		1	 Introduction
		2	 Goals of Treatment
		3	 Techniques
		4	 Discussion
		Conclusions
		References
	Wound Measurement, Score
		1	 Introduction
		2	 Techniques
			2.1	 Manual Metric Measurement
			2.2	 Mathematical Models
			2.3	 Manual Planimetry
			2.4	 Digital Planimetry
			2.5	 Stereophotogrammetry
			2.6	 Digital Imaging Methods
		3	 Discussion
		References
	Influence of Sensory Innervation on Epithelial Renewal and Wound Healing
		1	 Introduction
		2	 Cytology and Neurochemistry of Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons: An Overview
		3	 CGRP and Substance P in Dorsal Root Ganglia: Synthesis, Release, and Receptors
			3.1	 CGRP
			3.2	 Substance P
		4	 Release of SP and CGRP from Somatosensory Nerves
		5	 Efferent Effects of Peptides Released by Somatosensory Nerves on Skin Physiology
		6	 Role of Peptidergic Nerves on Epithelial Renewal and Wound Repair
		References
Part VI: Wound Repair
	Reconstructive Options of Abdominal Wounds in the Setting of Abdominal Wall Defects and Hernias
		1	 Abdominal Wall Defects
			1.1	 Goals
			1.2	 Anatomy
		2	 Preoperative Examination
		3	 Preoperative Optimization
		4	 Contamination/Infection
		5	 Reconstruction
			5.1	 Open Hernia Repair
			5.2	 Mesh
			5.3	 Mesh Material
			5.4	 Soft Tissue Coverage
			5.5	 Tissue Expansion
			5.6	 Lower Abdominal Defects
				5.6.1	 ALT Flap
				5.6.2	 TFL
				5.6.3	 RF
				5.6.4	 Combined Thigh Flaps
			5.7	 Lateral and Central Defects
				5.7.1	 LD
				5.7.2	 RA
				5.7.3	 Free Flap Reconstruction
		6	 Perioperative Management
		7	 Postoperative Management
			7.1	 Airway Management
			7.2	 Pain Management
			7.3	 Diet
			7.4	 Flap Monitoring/Care
		References
	Adipose Tissue for Wound Repair
		1	 Introduction
		2	 Surgical Technique
			2.1	 Patients
			2.2	 Statistical Analysis
			2.3	 Results
		3	 Discussion
		References
	Prevascularized Stem Cell Sheet for Full-Thickness Skin Wound Repair
		1	 Introduction
		2	 Technique
		3	 Discussion
		References
Part VII: Quality of Life
	Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Freiburg Life Quality Assessment-Wound Module to Brazilian Portuguese
		1	 History of the Term Quality of Life
		2	 Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL)
		3	 Quality of Life in Patients with Wounds
		4	 Freiburg Life Quality Assessment-Wound (FLQA-wk)
		5	 Technique
			5.1	 Cultural Adaptation Procedures
			5.2	 Translation of the Instrument into Portuguese
			5.3	 Translation Synthesis
			5.4	 Back Translation
			5.5	 Committee of Experts
			5.6	 Retest
			5.7	 Focus Group
			5.8	 Evaluation of Measurement Properties
			5.9	 Reliability Assessment
		6	 Validity Assessment of FLQA-Wk
		7	 Discussion
		References