Varieties of Environmentalism: Essays North and South

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Introduction
PART l
	1 The Environmentalism of the Poor
		The Origins of Conflict
		Claiming the Commons in Karnataka
		A Vocabulary of Protest
		Two Kinds of Environmentalism
	2 From Political Economy to Political Ecology
		Introduction
		Marxism and Environmentalism
		Distribution, the Discount Rate and Incommensurability
		Ecological Distribution Conflicts
		International Externalities
	3 Poverty and the Environment: a Critique of the Conventional Wisdom
		Introduction
		Sustainability and Carrying Capacity
		Is Poverty a Cause of Environmental Degradation?
		Ecology and \'Adjustment\' Programmes
		Protective Expenditure and Income Levels: Leipert\'s Law
		Ecology and Positional Goods
		The Social Ecology of the Poor
		Conclusion
	4 Towards a Cross-Cultural Environmental Ethic
		American Debates on Environmental Ethics
		Environmental Philosophies of History
		Environmental Philosophies in Two Cultures
		Social Ecology or Ecological Socialism?
	5 Radical American Environmentalism and Wilderness Preservation: a Third World Critique
		Introduction
		The Tenets of Deep Ecology
		Towards a Critique
		A Homily
		Postscript: Deep Ecology Revisited
	6 The Merchandising of Biodiversity
		Introduction
		Genetic Erosion
		Peasant Struggles to Control Seeds
		Agricultural Biodiversity as \'Cultivated Natural Capital\'?
		\'Farmers\' Rights\'
		The INBio-Merck Deal
		The Defence of Agroecology Outside the Market
		NAFTA: Petroleum and Maize
	7 The Failure of Ecological Planning in Barcelona
		Introduction
		A City for Cars
		The Conurbation
		The Llobregat Delta
		The Ecology of the City
		The Paradoxes of \'Modernism\'
		Corbuserian Monstrosities
PART 2
	8 Mahatma Gandhi and the Environmental Movement
		Gandhi\'s Environmental Ethic
		Gandhi and Nehru
		The Heritage of Gandhi
	9 In Memory of Georgescu-Roegen
		A Brief Personal Encounter
		Ecological Economics and its Precursors
		Freedom of Migration
		Economic Growth
		Externalities and the Discount Rate
		Agrarian Economics
		Promethean Technologies
	10 The Forgotten American Environmentalist
		The Influence of Patrick Geddes
		Mumford on Modern Technology
		The Nineteenth-Century Heroes
		Conclusion
Notes
Index