Urban Infrastructure in Zimbabwe: Departures, Divergences and Convergences (The Urban Book Series)

Acknowledgements
Contents
Editors and Contributors
Acronyms
1 Infrastructure, Utilities and Services: Theoretical Keystones
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 Discussion
	1.3 Conclusions and Way Forward
	References
2 Urban Development and the Financing of Low-Income Housing in Zimbabwe, Post-2000
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Background and Overview of Housing Finance in Africa
	2.3 Literature Review
	2.4 Results and Analysis
	2.5 Case Study of Harare South Housing Cooperative Union
		2.5.1 Low-Income Housing Provision Tools
	2.6 Discussion
	2.7 Conclusion, Policy Options, and Recommendations
	References
3 Encroachment of the Harare Central Business District Boundary into Bordering Suburban Areas: Implications for Spatial Policy
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Literature Review
		3.2.1 Urban Management and Competitiveness
		3.2.2 From Urban Decay to Gentrification
	3.3 Contextualising Harare and Its CBD
	3.4 Methodology
	3.5 Findings
		3.5.1 The Policy and Institutional Framework
		3.5.2 Patterns of CBD Encroachment into Residential Areas
		3.5.3 Strategies to Manage the Expansion, and Their Success
		3.5.4 Uptown (Area A)
		3.5.5 Downtown (Area B)
	3.6 Discussion and Implications for Sustainable Urban Development
	References
4 The Search for Sustainable Transport Infrastructure in Harare: Integrating Intelligent Transport Systems
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Context and Background
	4.3 Conceptual Framework
	4.4 Literature Review
	4.5 Research Methodology
	4.6 Results
	4.7 Discussion
	4.8 Conclusion and Way Forward
	References
5 Traffic Congestion Reduction Measures for Mbudzi Roundabout, Harare
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Background to the Study
	5.3 Literature Review
	5.4 Research Methodology
	5.5 Results
	5.6 Traffic Trends of the MTC
	5.7 Conclusion and Recommendations
	5.8 Design A—Slip Lane Design
	5.9 Design B—Flyover Design
	5.10 Design C—Flyover with Slip Roads
	References
6 Slum Development and Property Values of the Harare Eastern Suburbs
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Context and Situation Analysis
	6.3 Theoretical Perspectives
	6.4 Causes of Slum Development
	6.5 Sustainable Development Goals and Urban Development
	6.6 Mainstreaming the New Urban Agenda into Slum Development
	6.7 Global, Regional and Local Case Studies
	6.8 Research Methodology
	6.9 Data Presentation, Interpretation and Analysis
		6.9.1 Causes of Slum Development
		6.9.2 Trends in Property Rental Values from 2009–2018 (Mabvuku-Tafara Trend)
		6.9.3 Trends in Open Market Values and Rental Values in Manresa in 2009–2018
	6.10 Conclusion and Recommendations
	References
7 Higher Education Institutions and the Socio-Economic Sustainability of “Declining” Towns
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 The Growth and Decline of Resource-Based Settlements
	7.3 HEIs and the Urban Economy
	7.4 HEIs and Socio-Economic Development
	7.5 Research Methodology
	7.6 Results
		7.6.1 Suspension of Mining Operations and the Economy: The Effects
		7.6.2 HEIs and Their Communities: The Impacts
	7.7 Conclusion and Recommendations
	References
8 Conversion of “Bachelor” into Family Hostels in Mbare, Harare: Lessons from South Africa
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Housing and Urban Development Issues in Africa
	8.3 Sustainability of Urban Settlements in Zimbabwe
	8.4 Results and Discussion
	8.5 The Case of City Deep Hostels in South Africa
	8.6 The Redevelopment
	8.7 Benefits of the Redevelopment
	8.8 The Case of Mbare Hostels in Harare
	8.9 The Missed Opportunity
	8.10 Conclusion, Policy Options, and Recommendations
	References
9 Decentralised Wastewater Treatment Plant for University of Zimbabwe Technical Staff Housing, Hatcliffe Harare: A Site Analysis
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Literature Review
	9.3 Harare
	9.4 Applications of Decentralised Wastewater Systems
		9.4.1 Land-Use–Land Cover Analysis
	9.5 Slope
	9.6 Soil Texture
	9.7 Land-Use
	9.8 Distance from Major and Minor Roads
	9.9 Vegetation
	9.10 Environmental Impact Assessment
	9.11 Design and Size
	9.12 Upgradability and Size of DEWATS
	9.13 DWT Technologies
	9.14 Description of the Study Area
	9.15 Steps in Identifying the Site in Hatcliffe and the Results Thereof
	9.16 Conclusion and Recommendations
	References
10 People-Centred Initiatives as a Response to Infrastructure Collapse in Harare
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Literature Review
	10.3 Methodology
	10.4 Results
		10.4.1 The State of Collapse
	10.5 Roads
	10.6 Water
	10.7 Electricity
	10.8 Solid Waste
	10.9 People’s Initiatives
	10.10 Roads
		10.10.1 Contributions to the Municipality
		10.10.2 Community Effort
		10.10.3 Enterprising Members of the Community
	10.11 Water
		10.11.1 Drilling Boreholes or Wells
		10.11.2 Asking Neighbours
		10.11.3 Buying from Water Companies
		10.11.4 Enterprising Members of the Community
	10.12 Electricity
		10.12.1 Diesel and Petrol-Powered Generators
		10.12.2 Solar Power
		10.12.3 Inverters and Smart Bulbs
		10.12.4 Doing Chores at Night, Adopting Nocturnal Behaviour
		10.12.5 Gas and Firewood for Heating
	10.13 Solid Waste
		10.13.1 Recycling
		10.13.2 Own Delivery to Municipal Landfills
		10.13.3 Not in My Backyard
		10.13.4 Pay for Own Service
	10.14 Advantages of the People’s Initiatives
	10.15 Disadvantages
	10.16 Discussion
	10.17 Conclusion
	References
11 Parking Space Management and Revenue Collection in Masvingo City
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 Theoretical Perspectives
	11.3 Research Methodology
	11.4 Results
		11.4.1 State of Parking Space in Masvingo City
		11.4.2 Existing Parking Monitoring Strategies
		11.4.3 Opportunities and Challenges Encountered in the Parking Management System
	11.5 Strategies for Improving the City’s Revenue Collection
	11.6 Conclusion and Recommendations
	References
12 Innovative Infrastructure Financing in Small Towns: A Comparison of Marondera Municipality (Zimbabwe) and Thulamela Local Municipality (South Africa)
	12.1 Introduction
	12.2 Theoretical Framework
	12.3 Literature Review
		12.3.1 Background to Innovative Infrastructure Financing
		12.3.2 Innovative Infrastructure Financing Strategies’ Successes and Challenges
	12.4 Results
		12.4.1 Infrastructure Financing Strategies in Marondera
		12.4.2 Infrastructure Financing in Thulamela
	12.5 Discussion
	12.6 Conclusion
	References
13 Using GIS Technology in the Provision of Urban Infrastructure in Slum Settlement Upgrading: The Case of Hopley, Ward 6, Harare South
	13.1 Introduction
	13.2 Aim and Objectives
	13.3 Background to Slum Settlement in Southern Africa
	13.4 Methodology
		13.4.1 Problem Identification
		13.4.2 Importing the Base Map
		13.4.3 Area Measurements
		13.4.4 Density Calculations
		13.4.5 Visualisation and Characterisation of Spatial Objects
		13.4.6 Fieldwork Assessment and Local Participation
		13.4.7 Verification Stage
		13.4.8 Thematic Mapping/Shapefile Map Creation—Vector Model Analysis
		13.4.9 Overlaying of Thematic Maps/Shapefiles
		13.4.10 Geo-Processing Tools
		13.4.11 Results
		13.4.12 Number of Slums Affected by Wetland
		13.4.13 Number of Slums in Need of Relocation
		13.4.14 Improved Housing Quality
		13.4.15 Improved Access to Tenure System
		13.4.16 Official Recognition of Residents
		13.4.17 Social Inclusion as Opposed to Social Exclusion
		13.4.18 Climate Change Combat Awareness is Increased
		13.4.19 Safety and Security
	13.5 Discussion
	13.6 Conclusion and Policy Options
	References
14 Constructed Wetlands as Alternative to Conventional Wastewater Treatment: The Case of Gimboki, Mutare
	14.1 Introduction
	14.2 Literature Review
	14.3 Research Methodology
	14.4 Results
		14.4.1 The Current State of Wastewater Treatment in Mutare
		14.4.2 Financing, Operation, Maintenance, and Energy Efficiency
		14.4.3 Awareness of Constructed Wetlands and How They Operate
		14.4.4 Treatment Efficiency
		14.4.5 Possibility of Constructed Wetlands Adoption
	14.5 Discussion
	14.6 Conclusion
	References
15 Geo-Database and Infrastructure for the Informal Manufacturing Sector in Harare
	15.1 Introduction
	15.2 Literature Review
	15.3 Materials and Methods
	15.4 Results and Discussion
	15.5 Geo-Political Data
		15.5.1 Provinces in Zimbabwe
		15.5.2 Districts in Zimbabwe
		15.5.3 Wards in Harare
		15.5.4 Location of Study Sites
	15.6 Demographic Data
	15.7 Specific Data About Informal Manufacturers in Harare
	15.8 Metadata and Privacy
	15.9 Public Application Programming Interface (PAPI) and Data Access Privileges
	15.10 Discussion
	15.11 Conclusion
	References