Understanding Digital Image Processing

Preface......Page 3
Contents......Page 5
Introduction......Page 6
History of Digital Image Processing......Page 9
Human Visual System......Page 10
Classification of Digital Images......Page 12
Digital Image File Types......Page 13
Components of Image Processing System......Page 14
Applications of Digital Image Processing......Page 15
Sampling & Quantization......Page 18
Color Models......Page 20
Adjacency......Page 26
Summary......Page 27
Distance Function......Page 28
Topological Properties......Page 29
Interpolation......Page 30
Statistics......Page 31
Transforms......Page 34
Wavelet Transform......Page 36
Walsh Transform (WT)......Page 38
Set Theory......Page 39
Point Processing......Page 41
Mask Processing......Page 46
Smoothing Filters......Page 48
Sharpening Filters......Page 50
Arithmetic Operations......Page 53
Logical Operations......Page 56
Geometric Operations......Page 57
Histogram & Histogram Processing......Page 58
Summary......Page 61
Introduction......Page 62
Low-Pass Filtering in Frequency Domain......Page 65
High-Pass Filtering......Page 73
High-Frequency Emphasis Filter......Page 78
Summary......Page 80
Image Noise Types......Page 81
Performance Evaluation of Denoising Techniques......Page 88
Summary......Page 89
Introduction......Page 90
Discontinuity-based Image Segmentation Techniques......Page 91
Thresholding-based Image Segmentation......Page 101
Region based Image Segmentation......Page 103
Watershed based Image Segmentation......Page 105
Summary......Page 107
Introduction......Page 108
Morphological Operations......Page 111
Summary......Page 122
Introduction......Page 123
Contour-based Shape Representation & Description......Page 124
Boundary Segments Description......Page 127
Object Recognition......Page 129
Summary......Page 131
History of Compression Technologies......Page 132
Image File Types......Page 133
Compression Quality Measures......Page 134
Image Redundancy......Page 136
Fundamental Building Blocks of Image Compression......Page 138
Image Compression Model......Page 149
Image Compression Standards......Page 150
Summary......Page 151
Text-based Image Retrieval System......Page 152
Content-based Image Retrieval Systems......Page 153
Feature Extraction......Page 155
Feature Selection......Page 158
Summary......Page 159
Introduction......Page 160
Image Forgery Detection Techniques......Page 161
Summary......Page 167
Matrices & Arrays Operations......Page 169
Operators & Elementary Operations......Page 171
Data Types......Page 172
Display & Exploration......Page 175
Geometric Transformation & Image Registration......Page 178
Image Filtering & Enhancement......Page 180
Image Segmentation & Analysis......Page 184
B.1  Forward and Inverse Discrete Fourier Transforms......Page 195
B.2 Zooming of an image to double of its size......Page 202
B.3  Shrink an Image to Half of Its Size......Page 204
B.4  Zooming and Shrinking of an Image......Page 206
B.5  Rotation of an Image......Page 214
B.6 Geometric Transformations......Page 217
B.7  Spatial Domain Enhancement Filters......Page 219
B.8  Histogram Calculation......Page 227
B.9  Image Segmentation......Page 229
B.10  Edge Detection Algorithms......Page 261
B.11 Skeleton......Page 283
B.12  Morphological Operations Erosion, Dilation, Outlining,  Opening and Closing Operations......Page 326
Image Processing Terms......Page 338
Biblio......Page 353
Index......Page 364
Color Figures......Page 368