Understanding Basic Statistics

Cover
Contents
Critical Thinking
Statistical Literacy
Direction and Purpose
Ethics and Real-World Skills
Making the Jump
Preface
Additional Resources-Get More from Your Textbook!
Table of Prerequisite Material
Chapter 1: Getting Started
	Focus Problems: Where Have All the Fireflies Gone?
	Section 1.1: What Is Statistics?
	Section 1.2: Random Samples
	Section 1.3: Introduction to Experimental Design
	Chapter Review
Chapter 2: Organizing Data
	Focus Problem: Say It with Pictures
	Section 2.1: Frequency Distributions, Histograms, and Related Topics
	Section 2.2: Bar Graphs, Circle Graphs, and Time-Series Graphs
	Section 2.3: Stem-and-Leaf Displays
	Chapter Review
Chapter 3: Averages and Variation
	Focus Problem: Water: Yellowstone River
	Section 3.1: Measures of Central Tendency: Mode, Median, and Mean
	Section 3.2: Measures of Variation
	Section 3.3: Percentiles and Box-and-Whisker Plots
	Chapter Review
Chapter 4: Correlation and Regression
	Focus Problem: Changing Populations and Crime Rate
	Section 4.1: Scatter Diagrams and Linear Correlation
	Section 4.2: Linear Regression and the Coefficient of Determination
	Chapter Review
Chapter 5: Elementary Probability Theory
	Focus Problem: How Often Do Lie Detectors Lie?
	Section 5.1: What Is Probability?
	Section 5.2: Some Probability Rules-Compound Events
	Section 5.3: Trees and Counting Techniques
	Chapter Review
Chapter 6: The Binomial Probability Distribution and Related Topics
	Focus Problem: Personality Preference Types: Introvert or Extrovert?
	Section 6.1: Introduction to Random Variables and Probability Distributions
	Section 6.2: Binomial Probabilities
	Section 6.3: Additional Properties of the Binomial Distribution
	Chapter Review
Chapter 7: Normal Curves and Sampling Distributions
	Focus Problem: Impulse Buying
	Section 7.1: Graphs of Normal Probability Distributions
	Section 7.2: Standard Units and Areas under the Standard Normal Distribution
	Section 7.3: Areas under Any Normal Curve
	Section 7.4: Sampling Distributions
	Section 7.5: The Central Limit Theorem
	Section 7.6: Normal Approximation to Binomial Distribution and to p Distribution
	Chapter Review
Chapter 8: Estimation
	Focus Problem: Trick or Treat
	Section 8.1: Estimating u When o Is Known
	Section 8.2: Estimating u When o Is Unknown
	Section 8.3: Estimating p in the Binomial Distribution
	Chapter Review
Chapter 9: Hypothesis Testing
	Focus Problem: Benford's Law: The Importance of Being Number 1
	Section 9.1: Introduction to Statistical Tests
	Section 9.2: Testing the Mean u
	Section 9.3: Testing a Proportion p
	Chapter Review
Chapter 10: Inferences about Differences
	Focus Problem: The Trouble with Wood Ducks
	Section 10.1: Tests Involving Paired Differences (Dependent Samples)
	Section 10.2: Inferences about the Difference of Two Means u1 - u2
	Section 10.3: Inferences about the Difference of Two Proportions p1 - p2
	Chapter Review
Chapter 11: Additional Topics Using Inference
	Focus Problem: Archaeology in Bandelier National Monument
	Section 11.1: Chi-Square: Tests of Independence and of Homogeneity
	Section 11.2: Chi-Square: Goodness of Fit
	Section 11.3: Testing a Single Variance or Standard Deviation
	Section 11.4: Inferences for Correlation and Regression
	Chapter Review
Appendix Tables
Answers and Key Steps to Odd-Numbered Problems
Answers to Selected Even-Numbered Problems
Index