Ultra capacitors in power conversion systems

 Content: Cover; Title Page; Copyright; Contents; Preface; Chapter 1 Energy Storage Technologies and Devices; 1.1 Introduction; 1.1.1 Energy; 1.1.2 Electrical Energy and its Role in Everyday Life; 1.1.3 Energy Storage; 1.2 Direct Electrical Energy Storage Devices; 1.2.1 An Electric Capacitor as Energy Storage; 1.2.2 An Inductor as Energy Storage; 1.3 Indirect Electrical Energy Storage Technologies and Devices; 1.3.1 Mechanical Energy Storage; 1.3.2 Chemical Energy Storage; 1.4 Applications and Comparison; References; Chapter 2 Ultra-Capacitor Energy Storage Devices; 2.1 Background of Ultra-Capacitors. 2.1.1 Overview of Ultra-Capacitor Technologies2.2 Electric Double-Layer Capacitors-EDLC; 2.2.1 A Short History of the EDLC; 2.2.2 The Ultra-Capacitor\'s Structure; 2.2.3 The Ultra-Capacitor\'s Physical Model; 2.3 The Ultra-Capacitor Macro (Electric Circuit) Model; 2.3.1 Full Theoretical Model; 2.3.2 A Simplified Model; 2.3.3 A Simulation/Control Model; 2.3.4 Exercises; 2.4 The Ultra-Capacitor\'s Energy and Power; 2.4.1 The Ultra-Capacitor\'s Energy and Specific Energy; 2.4.2 The Ultra-Capacitor\'s Energy Efficiency; 2.4.3 The Ultra-Capacitor\'s Specific Power. 2.4.4 The Electrode Carbon Loading Limitation2.4.5 Exercises; 2.5 The Ultra-Capacitor\'s Charge/Discharge Methods; 2.5.1 Constant Resistive Loading; 2.5.2 Constant Current Charging and Loading; 2.5.3 Constant Power Charging and Loading; 2.5.4 Exercises; 2.6 Frequency Related Losses; 2.6.1 The Current as a Periodic Function; 2.6.2 The Current as a Nonperiodic Function; 2.7 The Ultra-Capacitor\'s Thermal Aspects; 2.7.1 Heat Generation; 2.7.2 Thermal Model; 2.7.3 Temperature Rise; 2.7.4 Exercises; 2.8 Ultra-Capacitor High Power Modules; 2.9 Ultra-Capacitor Trends and Future Development. 2.9.1 The Requirements for Future Ultra-Capacitors2.9.2 The Technology Directions; 2.10 Summary; References; Chapter 3 Power Conversion and Energy Storage Applications; 3.1 Fundamentals of Static Power Converters; 3.1.1 Switching-Mode Converters; 3.1.2 Power Converter Classification; 3.1.3 Some Examples of Voltage-Source Converters; 3.1.4 Indirect Static AC-AC Power Converters; 3.2 Interest in Power Conversion with Energy Storage; 3.2.1 Definition of the Problem; 3.2.2 The Solution; 3.2.3 Which Energy Storage is the Right Choice?; 3.2.4 Electrochemical Batteries versus Ultra-Capacitors. 3.3 Controlled Electric Drive Applications3.3.1 Controlled Electric Drives from Yesterday to Today; 3.3.2 Application of Controlled Electric Drives; 3.3.3 Definition of the Application Problems; 3.3.4 The Solution; 3.4 Renewable Energy Source Applications; 3.4.1 Renewable Energy Sources; 3.4.2 Definition of the Problem; 3.4.3 Virtual Inertia and Renewable Energy `Generators\'; 3.4.4 The Solution; 3.5 Autonomous Power Generators and Applications; 3.5.1 Applications; 3.5.2 Definition of the Problem; 3.5.3 The Solution; 3.6 Energy Transmission and Distribution Applications.
 Abstract:             Divided into five parts, this book is focused on ultra-capacitors and their applications in power conversion systems. It discusses ultra-capacitor analysis, modelling and module design from a macroscopic (application) perspective. It also describes power conversion applications, interface dc-dc converter design and entire conversion system design. Part One covers the background of energy storage technologies, with particular attention on state-of-the-art ultra-capacitor energy storage technologies. In Chapter four of this part, power conversion systems with integrated energy storage is disc