U.S. History

Preface
	1. About OpenStax
	2. About OpenStax resources
	3. About U.S. History
	4. Additional resources
	5. About the authors
Chapter 1. The Americas, Europe, and Africa Before 1492
	1.1. The Americas*
	1.2. Europe on the Brink of Change*
	1.3. West Africa and the Role of Slavery*
	Glossary
Chapter 2. Early Globalization: The Atlantic World, 1492–1650
	2.1. Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest*
	2.2. Religious Upheavals in the Developing Atlantic World*
	2.3. Challenges to Spain’s Supremacy*
	2.4. New Worlds in the Americas: Labor, Commerce, and the Columbian Exchange*
	Glossary
Chapter 3. Creating New Social Orders: Colonial Societies, 1500–1700
	3.1. Spanish Exploration and Colonial Society*
	3.2. Colonial Rivalries: Dutch and French Colonial Ambitions*
	3.3. English Settlements in America*
	3.4. The Impact of Colonization*
	Glossary
Chapter 4. Rule Britannia! The English Empire, 1660–1763
	4.1. Charles II and the Restoration Colonies*
	4.2. The Glorious Revolution and the English Empire*
	4.3. An Empire of Slavery and the Consumer Revolution*
	4.4. Great Awakening and Enlightenment*
	4.5. Wars for Empire*
	Glossary
Chapter 5. Imperial Reforms and Colonial Protests, 1763-1774
	5.1. Confronting the National Debt: The Aftermath of the French and Indian War*
	5.2. The Stamp Act and the Sons and Daughters of Liberty*
	5.3. The Townshend Acts and Colonial Protest*
	5.4. The Destruction of the Tea and the Coercive Acts*
	5.5. Disaffection: The First Continental Congress and American Identity*
	Glossary
Chapter 6. America's War for Independence, 1775-1783
	6.1. Britain’s Law-and-Order Strategy and Its Consequences*
	6.2. The Early Years of the Revolution*
	6.3. War in the South*
	6.4. Identity during the American Revolution*
	Glossary
Chapter 7. Creating Republican Governments, 1776–1790
	7.1. Common Sense: From Monarchy to an American Republic*
	7.2. How Much Revolutionary Change?*
	7.3. Debating Democracy*
	7.4. The Constitutional Convention and Federal Constitution*
	Glossary
Chapter 8. Growing Pains: The New Republic, 1790–1820
	8.1. Competing Visions: Federalists and Democratic-Republicans*
	8.2. The New American Republic*
	8.3. Partisan Politics*
	8.4. The United States Goes Back to War*
	Glossary
Chapter 9. Industrial Transformation in the North, 1800–1850
	9.1. Early Industrialization in the Northeast*
	9.2. A Vibrant Capitalist Republic*
	9.3. On the Move: The Transportation Revolution*
	9.4. A New Social Order: Class Divisions*
	Glossary
Chapter 10. Jacksonian Democracy, 1820–1840
	10.1. A New Political Style: From John Quincy Adams to Andrew Jackson*
	10.2. The Rise of American Democracy*
	10.3. The Nullification Crisis and the Bank War*
	10.4. Indian Removal*
	10.5. The Tyranny and Triumph of the Majority*
	Glossary
Chapter 11. A Nation on the Move: Westward Expansion, 1800–1860
	11.1. Lewis and Clark*
	11.2. The Missouri Crisis*
	11.3. Independence for Texas*
	11.4. The Mexican-American War, 1846–1848*
	11.5. Free Soil or Slave? The Dilemma of the West*
	Glossary
Chapter 12. Cotton is King: The Antebellum South, 1800–1860
	12.1. The Economics of Cotton*
	12.2. African Americans in the Antebellum United States*
	12.3. Wealth and Culture in the South*
	12.4. The Filibuster and the Quest for New Slave States*
	Glossary
Chapter 13. Antebellum Idealism and Reform Impulses, 1820–1860
	13.1. An Awakening of Religion and Individualism*
	13.2. Antebellum Communal Experiments*
	13.3. Reforms to Human Health*
	13.4. Addressing Slavery*
	13.5. Women’s Rights*
	Glossary
Chapter 14. Troubled Times: the Tumultuous 1850s
	14.1. The Compromise of 1850*
	14.2. The Kansas-Nebraska Act and the Republican Party*
	14.3. The Dred Scott Decision and Sectional Strife*
	14.4. John Brown and the Election of 1860*
	Glossary
Chapter 15. The Civil War, 1860–1865
	15.1. The Origins and Outbreak of the Civil War*
	15.2. Early Mobilization and War*
	15.3. 1863: The Changing Nature of the War*
	15.4. The Union Triumphant*
	Glossary
Chapter 16. The Era of Reconstruction, 1865–1877
	16.1. Restoring the Union*
	16.2. Congress and the Remaking of the South, 1865–1866*
	16.3. Radical Reconstruction, 1867–1872*
	16.4. The Collapse of Reconstruction*
	Glossary
Chapter 17. Go West Young Man! Westward Expansion, 1840-1900
	17.1. The Westward Spirit*
	17.2. Homesteading: Dreams and Realities*
	17.3. Making a Living in Gold and Cattle*
	17.4. The Loss of American Indian Life and Culture*
	17.5. The Impact of Expansion on Chinese Immigrants and Hispanic Citizens*
	Glossary
Chapter 18. Industrialization and the Rise of Big Business, 1870-1900
	18.1. Inventors of the Age*
	18.2. From Invention to Industrial Growth*
	18.3. Building Industrial America on the Backs of Labor*
	18.4. A New American Consumer Culture*
	Glossary
Chapter 19. The Growing Pains of Urbanization, 1870-1900
	19.1. Urbanization and Its Challenges*
	19.2. The African American “Great Migration” and New European Immigration*
	19.3. Relief from the Chaos of Urban Life*
	19.4. Change Reflected in Thought and Writing*
	Glossary
Chapter 20. Politics in the Gilded Age, 1870-1900
	20.1. Political Corruption in Postbellum America*
	20.2. The Key Political Issues: Patronage, Tariffs, and Gold*
	20.3. Farmers Revolt in the Populist Era*
	20.4. Social and Labor Unrest in the 1890s*
	Glossary
Chapter 21. Leading the Way: The Progressive Movement, 1890-1920
	21.1. The Origins of the Progressive Spirit in America*
	21.2. Progressivism at the Grassroots Level*
	21.3. New Voices for Women and African Americans*
	21.4. Progressivism in the White House*
	Glossary
Chapter 22. Age of Empire: American Foreign Policy, 1890-1914
	22.1. Turner, Mahan, and the Roots of Empire*
	22.2. The Spanish-American War and Overseas Empire*
	22.3. Economic Imperialism in East Asia*
	22.4. Roosevelt’s “Big Stick” Foreign Policy*
	22.5. Taft’s “Dollar Diplomacy”*
	Glossary
Chapter 23. Americans and the Great War, 1914-1919
	23.1. American Isolationism and the European Origins of War*
	23.2. The United States Prepares for War*
	23.3. A New Home Front*
	23.4. From War to Peace*
	23.5. Demobilization and Its Difficult Aftermath*
	Glossary
Chapter 24. The Jazz Age: Redefining the Nation, 1919-1929
	24.1. Prosperity and the Production of Popular Entertainment*
	24.2. Transformation and Backlash*
	24.3. A New Generation*
	24.4. Republican Ascendancy: Politics in the 1920s*
	Glossary
Chapter 25. Brother, Can You Spare a Dime? The Great Depression, 1929-1932
	25.1. The Stock Market Crash of 1929*
	25.2. President Hoover’s Response*
	25.3. The Depths of the Great Depression*
	25.4. Assessing the Hoover Years on the Eve of the New Deal*
	Glossary
Chapter 26. Franklin Roosevelt and the New Deal, 1932-1941
	26.1. The Rise of Franklin Roosevelt*
	26.2. The First New Deal*
	26.3. The Second New Deal*
	Glossary
Chapter 27. Fighting the Good Fight in World War II, 1941-1945
	27.1. The Origins of War: Europe, Asia, and the United States*
	27.2. The Home Front*
	27.3. Victory in the European Theater*
	27.4. The Pacific Theater and the Atomic Bomb*
	Glossary
Chapter 28. Post-War Prosperity and Cold War Fears, 1945-1960
	28.1. The Challenges of Peacetime*
	28.2. The Cold War*
	28.3. The American Dream*
	28.4. Popular Culture and Mass Media*
	28.5. The African American Struggle for Civil Rights*
	Glossary
Chapter 29. Contesting Futures: America in the 1960s
	29.1. The Kennedy Promise*
	29.2. Lyndon Johnson and the Great Society*
	29.3. The Civil Rights Movement Marches On*
	29.4. Challenging the Status Quo*
	Glossary
Chapter 30. Political Storms at Home and Abroad, 1968-1980
	30.1. Identity Politics in a Fractured Society*
	30.2. Coming Apart, Coming Together*
	30.3. Vietnam: The Downward Spiral*
	30.4. Watergate: Nixon’s Domestic Nightmare*
	30.5. Jimmy Carter in the Aftermath of the Storm*
	Glossary
Chapter 31. From Cold War to Culture Wars, 1980-2000
	31.1. The Reagan Revolution*
	31.2. Political and Cultural Fusions*
	31.3. A New World Order*
	31.4. Bill Clinton and the New Economy*
	Glossary
Chapter 32. The Challenges of the Twenty-First Century
	32.1. The War on Terror*
	32.2. The Domestic Mission*
	32.3. New Century, Old Disputes*
	32.4. Hope and Change*
	Glossary
Appendix A. The Declaration of Independence*
Appendix B. The Constitution of the United States*
Appendix C. Presidents of the United States of America*
Appendix D. U.S. Political Map*
Appendix E. U.S. Topographical Map*
Appendix F. United States Population Chart*
Appendix G. Further Reading*
	G.1. THE PRE-COLUMBIAN WORLD AND EARLY GLOBALIZATION
	G.2. THE COLONIAL AMERICAS
	G.3. REFORM, PROTEST, AND REVOLUTION
	G.4. THE EARLY REPUBLIC
	G.5. INDUSTRIALIZATION AND TRANSFORMATION
	G.6. JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY
	G.7. THE ANTEBELLUM SOUTH
	G.8. REFORM AND ABOLITION
	G.9. CIVIL WAR AND RECONSTRUCTION
	G.10. WESTWARD EXPANSION
	G.11. FROM THE GILDED AGE TO THE PROGRESSIVE ERA
	G.12. IMPERIAL EXPANSION AND THE FIRST WORLD WAR
	G.13. THE ROARING TWENTIES
	G.14. THE GREAT DEPRESSION AND THE NEW DEAL
	G.15. WORLD WAR, COLD WAR, AND AMERICAN PROSPERITY
	G.16. FROM CAMELOT TO CULTURE WARS
	G.17. TWENTY-FIRST-CENTURY PROBLEMS
Solutions
	Chapter 1
	Chapter 2
	Chapter 3
	Chapter 4
	Chapter 5
	Chapter 6
	Chapter 7
	Chapter 8
	Chapter 9
	Chapter 10
	Chapter 11
	Chapter 12
	Chapter 13
	Chapter 14
	Chapter 15
	Chapter 16
	Chapter 17
	Chapter 18
	Chapter 19
	Chapter 20
	Chapter 21
	Chapter 22
	Chapter 23
	Chapter 24
	Chapter 25
	Chapter 26
	Chapter 27
	Chapter 28
	Chapter 29
	Chapter 30
	Chapter 31
	Chapter 32
	Index
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