Trends in Sustainable Smart Cities and Territories

Preface
Organization
Contents
Main Track
Motorized Mobility on a Latin American University Campus: A Preliminary Study Focused on Sustainability
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Global Characterization of University Campus Mobility
		3.2 Characterization of University Campus Motorized Vehicle Fleet
	4 Conclusions
	References
Smart Urban Governance Through Geoinformation: The Importance of Geoportals for City Interoperability
	1 Introduction
	2 The Concept of Smart Urban Governance and the Approach of Law
	3 The Use of Geoinformation by Cities Through Geoportals
	4 Interoperability as a Principle for Smart Urban Governance
	5 Conclusions
	References
Digital Twin Application Methodology for the Improvement of Production and Service Systems. Application to Waste Management Processes
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Digital Twins, Definitions and Characteristics
		2.2 Waste Management
		2.3 Methodological Development
	3 Results
		3.1 Digital Twin Definition
		3.2 Architecture and Framework
		3.3 Methodological Proposal
	4 Future Work
	5 Conclusion
	References
Adaptive and Intelligent Edge Computing Based Building Energy Management System
	1 Introduction and Motivation
	2 State of Art
	3 Architecture
		3.1 Layer architecture
		3.2 Multi-agent Architecture
		3.3 Analysis Architecture
	4 Case of Use
		4.1 Implementation Architecture
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
A Novel Aging-Based Proof of Stake Consensus Mechanism
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Problem Statement
		3.2 Proposed Method
	4 Simulation and Result Analysis
		4.1 Evaluation Parameters
		4.2 Fairness Analysis of Aging-Based PoS
		4.3 Decentralization Analysis of Aging-Based PoS
		4.4 Security Analysis of Aging-Based PoS
	5 Conclusion
	References
Manizales, Smart and Sustainable Tourist Destination
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Revised Standards for Measuring Smart and Sustainable Tourist Cities
	4 Manizales, Context and Vision of the City
	5 Model for Manizales as a Smart Sustainable Tourist Destination
	6 Action Plan
	7 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Development of an IoT Network for Urban Orchards in High Vulnerability Areas in Colombia
	1 Introduction
	2 Context
	3 Implementation of IoT Network
	4 Results and Contribution
		4.1 Multiple Linear Regression Models
		4.2 Genetic Algorithms
	5 Conclusions
	References
DDoS Attacks Detection with Deep Learning Model Using a Cloud Architecture
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Materials and Method
		3.1 Data Set for Training
		3.2 Processing of the Dataset
		3.3 Validation with Real-Time Traffic
		3.4 Cloud Architecture
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions
	6 Limitations and Future Work
	References
Smart Cities Using Crowdsensing and Geoferenced Notifications
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
		4.1 Role and Purpose of Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing, Namely Geofences and Location-Based Notifications, in Smart Cities
		4.2 Strategies and Tools that have Already Been Developed and Used to Implement and Integrate Mechanisms of Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing in Smart Cities
		4.3 Improvement of Citizens\' Lives in a Smart City Through Crowdsensing and Strategies to Make Citizens Active Contributors
	5 Conclusion
	References
Understanding Urban Mobility Habits and Their Influencing Factors on a University Campus in Argentina
	1 Introduction
	2 Conceptual Framework
	3 Methodology
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Description of the Case Study
		4.2 Descriptive Analysis of Urban Mobility of the University Community
		4.3 Analysis of Factor Influencing Urban Mobility Decisions
	5 Final Remarks
	References
A Conversational Agent for Smart Schooling A Case Study on K-12 Dropout Risk Assessment
	1 Introduction
	2 The Case Study Report
		2.1 Project Description
		2.2 Component View
		2.3 Education Intelligence
		2.4 Conversational Agent
		2.5 Realworld Experiments
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Evaluation of Smart Mobility Indicators in Latin-American Cities
	1 Introduction
	2 Evaluation of Smart Mobility Models
	3 Mobility Challenges in Latin America
	4 Methodology
	5 Results and Analysis
	6 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Consensus of Individual and Group Characteristics for ICT Adoption and Appropriation
	1 Introduction
	2 Models for ICT Adoption and Appropriation
	3 Consensus of Characteristics for ICT Adoption and Appropriation
		3.1 Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM)
		3.2 Model Review and Consensus Building
		3.3 Expert Validation—Accessibility Matrix
		3.4 Relationship Graph
	4 Conclusions
	References
Trends of Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain in New Public Management
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Methodology
		2.1 Definition of Research Question
		2.2 Search
		2.3 Study Selection
		2.4 Data Extraction
	3 Results
		3.1 Publication and Geographical Distribution
		3.2 Summary of Contributions
		3.3 Contributions by Authors and Characteristics for Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence and New Public Management
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
A Novel Approach for Smart Mobility Roadmap in Smart Cities
	1 Smart Cities Overview
		1.1 Smart Mobility as a Driver in the City
	2 Importance of Key Performance Indicators to Build Smart Mobility in Smart Cities
		2.1 Smart Mobility KPIs by the International Organization for Standardization
		2.2 Smart Mobility KPIs by International Telecommunication Union
		2.3 Smart Mobility KPIs in Colombia
	3 Smart Mobility KPIs Comparison
	4 Smart Mobility Roadmap Approach
	5 Conclusions
	References
Exploring the Use of Digital Twin in Smart Healthcare: A Case Study of Dengue Epidemic Control and Prevention
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 Digital Twin
		2.2 The Modelling and Simulation of Complex Systems
		2.3 Relate Work
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Materials and Methods
	4 Results
		4.1 System Dynamics Model for Preventing Dengue
		4.2 Smart Health Platform Architecture
		4.3 Implementation Progress
	5 Discussion and future work
	References
Industry 4.0 Smart Supply Chain Data Protection Using Block Chain
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 Blockchain
		2.2 Types of Blockchain
		2.3 Different Types of Consensus Algorithms
		2.4 Supply-Chain Relation with Blockchain
	3 Methods
		3.1 System Design
		3.2 Hyperledger Fabric Binaries (Tools)
		3.3 Orderers
		3.4 Peers
	4 Channels
	5 Results
		5.1 Generating the Crypto Material and Lauching Orderers
		5.2 Launching Peers
		5.3 Joining Channels
	6 Conclusion
	References
Methodological Model for the Solution of Periodic Customer Scheduling in Routing Problems
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Problem Formulation
		3.1 Variable Definition
	4 Methodology
	5 Results
		5.1 Node Distance Reduction (dij)
		5.2 Solving the Visit Scheduling Problem
	6 Conclusions
	References
Development of an Information System for the Monitoring of Physiological Variables and Information Storage of Neonates on Domiciliary Oxygen
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Software Development
		2.2 Platform Development
		2.3 Results
	3 Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
Principal Component Analysis for Knowledge Transfer in the Social Structure Reconstruction Program in Post-conflict Zones in Colombia (Chocó, Sucre and Caldas)
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Framework
		2.1 Knowledge Transfer and Peace Processes
	3 Methodology
	4 Results
	5 Discussions
	6 Conclusions
	References
Epileptic Seizure Prediction Methods Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Models
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Methods
		2.1 Dataset
		2.2 Model
		2.3 Metrics
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Towards Energy Efficiency in Microgrids for Smart Sustainable Cities
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Monitoring Energy Data in Microgrids Using Smart Meters
	4 Case Study
	5 Conclusions
	References
Initial Validation Regarding the Use of AERMOD to Model Air Pollutant Dispersion in Medium-Sized Latin American City Streets
	1 Introduction
	2 Study Area
	3 Methodology and Data Analysis
	4 Results and Discussions
		4.1 Vehicular Flow of the Study Area and Its Segmentation
		4.2 Meteorology and Modeling in the Study Area
	5 Conclusions
	References
Evaluation of Feature Descriptors for Scene Classification
	1 Introduction
	2 Feature Representations
		2.1 Descriptors of Global Characteristics
		2.2 Local Feature Extraction
	3 Experimental Evaluation and Results
		3.1 Database
		3.2 Experimental
		3.3 Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Influence of Segmentation Schemes on the Interpretability of Functional Connectivity in Mild Cognitive Impairment
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 EEG Data Preprocessing
		2.2 EEG Change Point Detection Analysis
		2.3 Functional Connectivity
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 EEG Segmentation Method Signal Analysis
		3.2 Functional Connectivity
	4 Conclusions
	References
The Content Based Misinformation Detection for Gujarati Language
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed Architecture
	4 Experimental Results
		4.1 Data Collection
		4.2 Preprocessing
		4.3 Major Findings
	5 Conclusion
	References
Analysis of Indicators in the Urban Distribution of Food in Megacities Within the Framework of Sustainability
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Data Selected for Analysis
		2.2 Sustainability Indicator Model
	3 Results
		3.1 Descriptive Analysis of Variables
		3.2 Multivariate Model
		3.3 Correlations and Dendogram
		3.4 Aggregate Sustainability Indicator
	4 Conclusions
	References
Passenger Forecasting as a Mobility Project for Smart Cities in Manizales, Colombia
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Dataset
		2.2 Data Preprocessing
		2.3 Model Architecture
		2.4 Hyperparameters
		2.5 Recursive Test
		2.6 Metrics
		2.7 Integration with Dashboard
	3 Results
		3.1 Descriptive Results
		3.2 Predictive Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
		5.1 Future Work
	References
CO2 Emissions Curtailment from the Usage of Electric Vehicles in Sal Island
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Vehicle Fleet Emissions
		2.2 Electric Energy Consumption
	3 Case Study
		3.1 Environmental Context
		3.2 Electricity Sources Characterisation
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Smart, Rather Than Intelligent: A Study on Signifiers and Their Implications for Cities Management
	1 Introduction
	2 Intelligent vs. Smart
	3 Innovation, Development & Smart Cities
	4 Talent and Adaptation
	5 Talent and Adaptation
	6 Conclusions and Recommendations for Future Studies
	References
International Workshop on Climate Change, Tourism and Education (CCTE)
Sustainable Historic Urban Landscape: Valuation Tools
	1 Introduction
	2 Historic Urban Landscape
	3 Regulatory Guidance
	4 Participation and Empowerment
	5 Heritage Communities
	6 Cultural Dimension of Development
	7 The Valuation of Urban Heritage from the Smart Cities Approach
	8 Conclusions
	References
Do Emotions Matter? Reviewing the Last Generation of Studies on Climate Change Communication and Tourist Behaviour
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Approaches to Measure Emotions and Tourism
		2.2 Climate Change Perception and Action in Tourism
		2.3 The Role of Communication in Climate Change Awareness Raising
	3 Method
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
The Training of Territorial Enhancers for the Valorization and Management of Biocultural Assets
	1 Introduction
	2 The SUS-TER Project and the Training of Territorial Enhancers
	3 The University of Caldas in the SUS-TER Project: Impact of the Training of Territorial Enhancers
		3.1 Institutional Strategy
		3.2 Student Profile
		3.3 Territorial Dynamization Initiatives Developed by Students
	4 Evaluation and Learning
	5 Final Considerations
	References
Rural Tourism Management as a Route to a Smart Territory Within the Framework of the Triple Transition. Opportunities from a Colombian Rural Territory
	1 Introduction
	2 Tourism as an Economic Activity in Colombia
	3 Particularities of the Territory and its Tourism Potential
	4 Rural Tourism and Smart Territories
	5 What Makes Territories Intelligent?
	6 Conclusions
	References
International Workshop on Intelligent Systems Applied In Adaptive Smart Areas (ISAIAS)
Monitoring System for Detecting Non-inclusive Situations in Smart Cities
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Detection of Non-inclusive Needs in Smart Cities
		2.2 Deep Learning Algorithms for Detecting Non-inclusive Situations
	3 Deep Learning Proposal
		3.1 OpenCV to Project the Centroid
		3.2 YoloV5 to Detect Persons in Situations of Non-inclusivity
	4 Case Study
		4.1 Experimental Set-Up
		4.2 Results
	5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Evaluation of XAI Models for Interpretation of Deep Learning Techniques\' Results in Automated Plant Disease Diagnosis
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 Challenges in Plant Disease Detection
		2.2 Convolutional Neural Networks
		2.3 Explainable Artificial Intelligence
		2.4 Convolutional Neural Networks for Plant Disease Detection
		2.5 Challenges in Plant Disease Detection
		2.6 Disease Detection in Farming Environments
		2.7 Conclusion
	3 Case Study
		3.1 General Description of the Experiment
		3.2 Experimental Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Edge Service Allocation Based on Clustering Techniques
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Proposed Framework
		3.1 Information Layer
		3.2 Filter Layer
		3.3 Decision Layer
	4 Allocation Example
	5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
A Brief Review of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) Techniques
	1 Introduction
	2 What is Explainable AI?
	3 Review of Techniques
		3.1 Ad-Hoc Techniques
		3.2 Post-hoc Techniques
	4 Practical Application
	5 Conclusions
	References
Dynamic Transfer Point Allocation for Rural Demand-Responsive Mobility
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Problem Formulation
		3.1 Optimizing DRT Systems Through Dynamic Transfer Point Allocation
		3.2 Formulation
		3.3 Modeling Constraints
	4 Discussion
		4.1 The Effect of Operational Cost Optimization on Passenger Experience
		4.2 Adoption Rate in Flexible Transportation Systems
	5 Conclusions
	References
Doctoral Consortium
Convolutional Neural Network for DDoS Detection
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Materials and Method
		3.1 Processing of the Dataset
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Trends and Applications of Heuristic Algorithms in Transportation Logistics
	1 Introduction
	2 Heuristic Algorithms in Transportation Logistics
	3 Trends in Transport Logistics
	4 Maritime Route Optimization
	5 Conclusions
	References
The Effects of Eco and Smart Policies: A Social Justice Perspective
	1 Introduction
	2 The EU Eco-smart Trends
	3 Effects of Eco-smart Policies
		3.1 Social Effects on Housing: Ecological Gentrification
		3.2 Social Effects on Labour: Job Displacement
	4 Counter Strategies
	5 Conclusion
	References
Author Index