Transcriptional Regulation of Flesh Fruit Development and Ripening

Transcriptional Regulation of Flesh Fruit Development and Ripening
Contents
Preface
1 Overview of the Transcriptional Regulation of Flesh Fruit Development and Ripening
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 TFs Regulate Fruit Development and Ripening
		1.2.1 Overview
		1.2.2 Model Plant Species for Studying the Transcriptional Regulation of Fruit Development and Ripening
		1.2.3 TF Families that Regulate Fruit Development and Ripening
			1.2.3.1 MADS-box Family Regulates Fruit Ripening
			1.2.3.2 NAC Family Regulates Fruit Ripening
			1.2.3.3 ERF Family Regulates Fruit Ripening
			1.2.3.4 ARF Family Regulates Fruit Ripening
			1.2.3.5 SBP Family Regulates Fruit Ripening
			1.2.3.6 HD-ZIP Family Regulates Fruit Ripening
		1.2.4 Relationships among TF Families
	1.3 Methods of Screening and Identifying Ripening-related TFs
	References
2 Screening Method for the Identification and Characterization of Transcription Factors Regulating Flesh Fruit Development and Ripening
	2.1 Bioinformatics
		2.1.1 Overview
			2.1.1.1 Introduction
			2.1.1.2 Stages of Development
			2.1.1.3 Brief Introduction to the Development of Bioinformatics
			2.1.1.4 Research Direction
			2.1.1.5 Technical Methods
			2.1.1.6 Others
		2.1.2 Expression Profile Analysis
			2.1.2.1 Gene Expression Profile
			2.1.2.2 Acquisition of Gene Expression Profile
	2.2 Virus-induced Gene Silencing (VIGS)
		2.2.1 The Basic Principle of VIGS
		2.2.2 The Methods for VIGS
			2.2.2.1 Types of VIGS Viral Vectors
			2.2.2.2 Infection Methods for VIGS
		2.2.3 Application of VIGS
	2.3 Transgenic Technology
		2.3.1 Plant Transgenic Technology
			2.3.1.1 Concept
			2.3.1.2 Methods
		2.3.2 Application of Transgenic Technology
			2.3.2.1 Transcription Factors and Transgenic Technology
			2.3.2.2 Application of Transgenic Technology in Climacteric Fruits
			2.3.2.3 Application of Transgenic Technology in Nonclimacteric Fruits
			2.3.2.4 Application of Transgenic Technology in Other Plants
		2.3.3 Development of New Technologies
	2.4 Gene Editing
		2.4.1 Concept
		2.4.2 Principles
			2.4.2.1 ZFN Technology
			2.4.2.2 TALEN Technology
			2.4.2.3 CRISPR-Cas System
		2.4.3 Methods
			2.4.3.1 Construction of ZFN Expression Vectors
			2.4.3.2 Construction of TALEN Expression Vectors
			2.4.3.3 Construction of CRISPR/Cas9 Expression Vector
		2.4.4 Application
	References
3 MADS-box Transcription Factors Necessary for Flesh Fruit Development and Ripening
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 MADS-box Gene Classification
	3.3 Motifs of the MADS-box Genes
	3.4 Functional Form of MADS-box Proteins
	3.5 Functions of the MADS-box Family
		3.5.1 The Role of MADS-box Genes in Flower Development
			3.5.1.1 Control of Flowering Time
			3.5.1.2 Regulation of Ovule Development
		3.5.2 The Regulation of Fruit Ripening by MADS-box Transcription Factors
			3.5.2.1 The Effect of Tomato RIN on Fruit Ripening
			3.5.2.2 The Effect of FRUITFULL on Tomato Fruit Ripening
			3.5.2.3 The Effect of Tomato TAGL1 on Fruit Ripening
			3.5.2.4 The Effect of Tomato MADS1 on Fruit Ripening
			3.5.2.5 The Role of Other Tomato MADS-box Transcription Factors in Formation of the Pedicel Abscission Zone (AZ) and Fruit Ripen
			3.5.2.6 Studies of the Regulation of MADS-box Transcription Factors in Ripening in Banana
			3.5.2.7 Studies of the Regulation of MADS-box Transcription Factors in Ripening in Other Fruit
	References
4 NAC Transcription Factor Family Regulation of Flesh Fruit Development and Ripening
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Overview of the Plant NAC Family TFs
		4.2.1 Origin of the NAC Family TFs
		4.2.2 Classification of NAC TFs
		4.2.3 Localization of the NAC TFs
		4.2.4 Structure of NAC TFs and the Mechanism of Their Functions
		4.2.5 Regulation of the Expression of NAC TFs
			4.2.5.1 The Regulation of NAC Gene Expression by miRNA
			4.2.5.2 Regulation of NAC TFs at the Protein Level
	4.3 NAC Family TFs Regulate Fruit Ripening
		4.3.1 NAC Family TFs Regulate Tomato Fruit Ripening
		4.3.2 CpNAC1/3 Is Involved in Regulating the Ripening of Papaya
		4.3.3 NAC Family TFs Are Involved in Fruit Deastringency in Persimmon
		4.3.4 NAC Family Transcription Factors Regulate Peach Fruit Ripening
		4.3.5 NAC Family Transcription Factors Regulate the Ripening of Kiwifruit
		4.3.6 EjNAC1 Regulates Lignin Biosynthesis in Loquat Fruit
		4.3.7 NAC Family TFs Are Involved in Climacteric Fruit Ripening in Pyrus Ussuriensis
		4.3.8 The Function of NAC Family TFs in Banana Fruit Ripening
		4.3.9 FcNAC1 and FaRIF Are Involved in Pectin Metabolism during Ripening of Strawberry Fruit
		4.3.10 The Interaction between LcNAC13 and LcR1MYB1 Regulates Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Litchi Fruit
		4.3.11 The Role of NAC Family Transcription Factors in Apple Fruit Ripening
	References
5 Role of ERF Transcription Factors in Flesh Fruit Development and Ripening
	5.1 Summary of the ERF Family
	5.2 Biological Functions of the ERF Family
	5.3 The Roles of ERF Family TFs in Fruit Ripening
	References
6 The ARF Side of the Fruit Tuning of Flesh Fruit Development and Ripening
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Overview of the ARF Family
		6.2.1 Discovery of ARF
		6.2.2 Structure of ARF Proteins
		6.2.3 Gene Structure and Phylogenetic Analysis of ARFs
		6.2.4 Expression Patterns of ARF Genes
	6.3 Biological Functions of the ARF Family
		6.3.1 Current Research Status of ARFs in Arabidopsis thaliana
		6.3.2 Current Research Status of ARFs in Rice (Oryza Sativa)
		6.3.3 Current Research Status of ARFs in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
	6.4 Mechanism of ARF Function
		6.4.1 ARF–Aux/IAA Binding Mechanism
		6.4.2 Mechanism for the Role of ARFs in Auxin Signal Transduction
	6.5 Research Progress on the Function of ARF Family Transcription Factors in Plants
		6.5.1 Research Progress on the Role of ARF Family Transcription Factors in Tomato Fruit Development and Ripening
		6.5.2 Research Progress of ARF Family Transcription Factors in Fruits of Other Species
	References
7 HD-ZIPs Are Involved in Flesh Fruit Development and Ripening
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Structure of HD-Zip Genes
	7.3 HD-Zip Gene Classification
	7.4 Mechanism of Action of HD-Zip Transcription Factors
	7.5 Functions of the HD-Zip Family
		7.5.1 HD-Zip Class I
		7.5.2 HD-Zip Class II
		7.5.3 HD-Zip Class III
		7.5.4 HD-Zip Class IV
	7.6 Prospects
	References
8 SBP-box Transcription Factors and Flesh Fruit Development and Ripening
	8.1 Research Progress on Plant SBP Family Transcription Factors
		8.1.1 Origin and Development of the SBP-box Gene Family
		8.1.2 Structure of SBP Family Transcription Factors
		8.1.3 Evolutionary Analysis of the SBP Gene Family
		8.1.4 Regulation of the SBP-box Gene Family
		8.1.5 Biological Functions of the SBP-box Gene Family
			8.1.5.1 Role of SBP Transcription Factors in Environmental Signal Response
			8.1.5.2 Roles of SBP Transcription Factors in Flower Formation and Development
			8.1.5.3 Roles of SBP Transcription Factors in Leaf Morphogenesis
			8.1.5.4 Other Roles of SBP Transcription Factors
	8.2 Research Progress on LeSPL-CNR
		8.2.1 Discovery and Development of LeSPL-CNR
		8.2.2 Biological Functions of LeSPL-CNR with Cnr Mutant
		8.2.3 LeSPL-CNR and Epigenetic Regulation
		8.2.4 Reevaluated the CNR Function by CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Mutation Technique
		8.2.5 Regulatory Networks between Transcription Factors
	8.3 Prospects
	References
Index
EULA