Toxicological profiles - Endrin

TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR ENDRIN......Page 1
CONTENTS......Page 8
DISCLAIMER......Page 2
UPDATE STATEMENT......Page 3
FOREWORD......Page 4
CONTRIBUTORS......Page 6
PEER REVIEW......Page 7
LIST OF FIGURES......Page 11
LIST OF TABLES......Page 12
1. PUBLIC HEALTH STATEMENT......Page 13
1.2 WHAT HAPPENS TO ENDRIN WHEN IT ENTERS THE ENVIRONMENT?......Page 14
1.3 HOW MIGHT I BE EXPOSED TO ENDRIN?......Page 15
1.5 HOW CAN ENDRIN AFFECT MY HEALTH?......Page 16
1.6 IS THERE A MEDICAL TEST TO DETERMINE WHETHER I HAVE BEEN EXPOSED TO ENDRIN?......Page 17
1.7 WHAT RECOMMENDATIONS HAS THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT MADE TO PROTECT HUMAN HEALTH?......Page 18
1.8 WHERE CAN I GET MORE INFORMATION?......Page 19
2.2 DISCUSSION OF HEALTH EFFECTS BY ROUTE OF EXPOSURE......Page 20
2.2.1.1 Death......Page 22
2.2.1.2 Systemic Effects......Page 27
2.2.1.4 Neurological Effects......Page 28
2.2.1.8 Cancer......Page 29
2.2.2.1 Death......Page 30
2.2.2.2 Systemic Effects......Page 32
2.2.2.3 Immunological and Lymphoreticular Effects......Page 55
2.2.2.4 Neurological Effects......Page 56
2.2.2.5 Reproductive Effects......Page 57
2.2.2.6 Developmental Effects......Page 58
2.2.2.8 Cancer......Page 60
2.2.3.1 Death......Page 61
2.2.3.2 Systemic Effects......Page 62
2.2.3.4 Neurological Effects......Page 65
2.3 TOXICOKINETICS......Page 66
2.3.1.3 Dermal Exposure......Page 67
2.3.2.2 Oral Exposure......Page 68
2.3.3 Metabolism......Page 70
2.3.4.2 Oral Exposure......Page 72
2.4 MECHANISMS OF ACTION......Page 73
Minimum Risk Levels for Endrin.......Page 75
2.6BIOMARKERS OF EXPOSURE AND EFFECT......Page 82
2.6.1 Biomarkers Used to Identify or Quantify Exposure to Endrin......Page 83
2.7 INTERACTIONS WITH OTHER CHEMICALS......Page 84
2.8 POPULATIONS THAT ARE UNUSUALLY SUSCEPTIBLE......Page 85
2.9.1 Reducing Peak Absorption Following Exposure......Page 86
2.9.2 Reducing Body Burden......Page 87
2.10 ADEQUACY OF THE DATABASE......Page 88
2.10.1 Existing Information on Health Effects of Endrin......Page 89
2.10.2 Identification of Data Needs......Page 91
Biomarkers of Exposure and Effect.......Page 95
2.10.3 Ongoing Studies......Page 97
3.2 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES......Page 99
4.1 PRODUCTION......Page 104
4.4 DISPOSAL......Page 105
5.1 OVERVIEW......Page 107
5.2.2 Water......Page 112
5.3.1 Transport and Partitioning......Page 113
5.3.2.1 Air......Page 118
5.3.2.2 Water......Page 119
5.3.2.3 Sediment and Soil......Page 120
5.4.1 Air......Page 122
5.4.2 Water......Page 123
5.4.3 Sediment and Soil......Page 125
5.4.4 Other Environmental Media......Page 127
5.5 GENERAL POPULATION AND OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE......Page 130
5.7 ADEQUACY OF THE DATABASE......Page 133
5.7.1 Identification of Data Needs......Page 134
5.7.2 Ongoing Studies......Page 138
6.1 BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES......Page 139
6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES......Page 141
6.3 ADEQUACY OF THE DATABASE......Page 144
6.3.1 Identification of Data Needs......Page 148
6.3.2 Ongoing Studies......Page 149
7. REGULATIONS AND ADVISORIES......Page 150
8. REFERENCES......Page 166
Intermediate Exposure......Page 193
Permissible Exposure Limit......Page 194
Uncertainty Factor......Page 195
ATSDR MINIMAL RISK LEVEL......Page 196
MINIMAL RISK LEVEL (MRL) WORKSHEET......Page 198
USER’S GUIDE......Page 202
ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND SYMBOLS......Page 209