To the Ends of the Earth: How Ancient Conquerors, Explorers, Scientists, and Traders Connected the World

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	Cover
	To the Ends of the Earth
	Copyright
	Contents
	Introduction, or, An American in Carthage
	1. A World on the Move: Ancient Rulers, Traders, and Heroes
		Captains and Warriors of the Bronze Age
		Phoenicians and Euboeans Take to the Seas
		Wondrous Isles, Beasts, and Beautiful Women
		Odysseus
	2. Apollo’s Disciples: Exploration in the Seventh and Sixth Centuries bce
		Secrets of the North
		Go West! Long-​Distance Journeys of Greeks from Asia Minor
		A New World Order
	3. Beyond the Mediterranean: Carthage and Persia Explore Africa and India
		The Call of the South
		The Road to Timbuktu
		The Persian Advance into Asia
		Human Existence in the World
	4. New Horizons on Land and at Sea
		Grand Designs
		Braving the Northwestern Ocean
		The Near and Far East
		Alexander’s Search for the Ends of the Earth
	5. Investigating the East and South: Advances in the Hellenistic Era
		Seleucids and Mauryans
		Greeks on the Ganges
		Expeditions of the Ptolemies and the Geography of Eratosthenes
	6. The Romans Explore the North
		Westward Ho!
		Rome’s Advance into the Central European Interior
		To the Elbe and the Baltic
	7. The Globalization of Eurasia in the First and Second Centuries CE
		Pepper and Incense
		The Island of Jewels
		‘Corals and Silk’
		From Cattigara to Thule . . . Without America?
	8. How the Old World Came to the New: Ancient Knowledge and Early-​Modern Expansion
		The Loss of Mediterranean Unity
		The Antipodes and the Earthly Paradise
		Geographic-​Cosmological Foundations of Long-​Distance Exploration
		Latin Christendom as Bridge
		Preparations for Departure: Mobility, Knowledge Transfer, and the Aristotle Renaissance
		The ‘Opening of Earthly Paradise’ and the Search for Prester John—​From Rubruck to Marco Polo
		Paradise Shifts South, Portuguese Advances in Africa
		Columbus and the Journey West over the Atlantic
		The Old World in the New
	Epilogue
	Acknowledgements
	Timeline
	Notes
	Bibliography
	Index