Think Criminology

Title
Contents
PART ONE The Scope of Crime
	Chapter 1 Thinking Critically About Crime
		What Is Criminology?
			The Making of Laws
			The Breaking of Laws
		Society’s Reaction to the Breaking of Laws
			Doubletake: Serial Murder and the Media
		The Interdisciplinary Nature of Criminology
			Political Science
			Economics
			Psychology
			Law
			Biology
			Sociology
		The Diff erence Between Criminology and Criminal Justice
			Theory to Practice: Recidivism and Criminological Theory
		Criminological Theories
			So What’s New? The New Challenge for Criminology
			Life-Course Theory
			Merton’s Strain Theory
			Confl ict Theory
		Summary
		Questions
	Chapter 2 Measuring Crime
		The Dark Figure of Crime
		Government Statistical Eff orts
			The Uniform Crime Reports
				So What’s New? Bad Numbers
			The National Crime Victimization Survey
			Divergence and Convergence: The UCR and the NCVS
				Doubletake: The Assault on Measures of Crime
				The Future of the UCR and the NCVS
		Self-Report Studies
			Problems with Self-Report Studies
			The National Youth Survey Family Study
			Monitoring the Future
			The National Survey on Drug Use and Health
		Putting It All Together
		Summary
		Questions
	Chapter 3 Victims of Crime
		The Study of Victimology
		The Extent of Victimization
			Macro-Victimization
			Micro-Victimization
			Transnational Victimization
		The Problems of Victimization
			Physical Trauma
			Psychological Trauma
			Family Trauma
			Economic Trauma
			Legal Trauma
			Special Victims: Children, the Elderly, and the Disabled
		Getting Help for Victims
			Victims’ Rights
			Off ender Punishment, Restorative Justice, and Victim-Impact Statements
				Theory to Practice: Who Owns a Crime?
				Doubletake: Being Heard: The Voices of Victims
		Summary
		Questions
PART TWO Theories of Crime
	Chapter 4 The Classical and Positivist Schools of Criminology
		Supernatural Explanations of Crime
			Demonology
			Evil and Immorality
		The Classical School of Criminology
			The Enlightenment
			The Social Contract
			Cesare Beccaria
			Jeremy Bentham
				Theory to Practice: Let the Penalty Fit the Crime
		The Positivist School of Criminology
		Neoclassical Criminology
			Deterrence Theory Reconsidered
				Doubletake: Deterrence and the Death Penalty
			Rational Choice Theory
			Routine Activities Theory
				So What’s New? Spying on Your Kids
				Theory to Practice: Criminological Perspectives in Film
		Summary
		Questions
	Chapter 5 Biological and Psychological Theories
		Early Biological Approaches
			Physiognomy and Phrenology
			Body Types
			Modern Biological Perspectives
				Genetic and Evolutionary Perspectives
				Neurological Perspectives
					Theory to Practice: A Picture of Insanity?
				Environmental Perspectives: Drugs and Alcohol
			Critiques
				Policy Implications
			Psychological and Psychiatric Perspectives
				Traditional Psychoanalytic Theory
				Modern Psychological and Psychiatric Theory
			Summary
			Questions
		Early Biocriminology
			Doubletake: The Undesirables
	Chapter 6 Sociological Theories of Crime and Delinquency
		Social Disorganization Theories of Crime
			Social Disorganization Theory
			Concentric Zones
			Collective Effi cacy and Crime
				Doubletake: The Chicago Area Project’s Detached Worker Program
		Learning Theories of Crime
			Diff erential Association
			Techniques of Neutralization
			Miller’s Focal Concerns of the Lower Class
			Subculture of Violence
			Code of the Street
		Strain Theories of Crime
			Anomie
			Classical Strain Theory
			Strain and Subculture
			Delinquency and Opportunity
			Institutional Anomie
			General Strain Theory
		Control Theories of Crime
			Containment Theory
			Social Bond Theory
				Theory to Practice: Strengthening Social Bonds as Prevention and Treatment for Antisocial Behavior
			Power-Control Theory
		Summary
		Questions
	Chapter 7 Life-Course and Integrated Theories
		Life-Course Theories
			Patterson’s Developmental Perspective on Antisocial Behavior
			Moffi tt’s Pathways to Crime
				Theory to Practice: The Oregon Social Learning Center
			Laub and Sampson’s Persistent Off ending and Desistance from Crime
				Doubletake: The Politics of Theory
		Integrated Theories
			Elliott et al.’s Integrated Theoretical Perspective on Delinquent Behavior
			Thornberry’s Interactional Theory of Delinquency
			Tittle’s Control Balance Theory
			Cullen’s Social Support Theory
			Agnew’s General Theory of Crime and Delinquency
			Farrington’s Integrated Cognitive Antisocial Potential Theory
		Summary
		Questions
	Chapter 8 Confl ict and Critical Theories of Crime
		The Keys to Understanding Confl ict Theory and Critical Theory
			Labeling Theory
			Social Location
			Confl ict Theory
				Marx and Communism
				Other Confl ict Thinkers
				Critiques
			Critical Theory
				Feminist Criminology
				Peacemaking Criminology
					Theory to Practice: Peacemaking and Uncommon Sense
				Cultural Criminology
					So What’s New? Video Games: How Bad Can They Be?
				Postmodern Criminology
				Critical Race Theory
					Doubletake: Missing: White Woman
			Summary
			Questions
PART THREE Typologies of Crime
	Chapter 9 Property Off enses
		Burglary
		Larceny and Fraud
			Pocket-Picking
			Employee Theft
			Shoplifting
			Fraud
				Theory to Practice: Responding to Check Fraud
				Doubletake: So Bad He’s Good
		Motor Vehicle Theft
		Arson
		Summary
		Questions
	Chapter 10 Criminal Off enses Against People
		Sources of Violent Crime
			Physical Sources of Violent Crime
			Social and Cultural Sources of Violent Crime
				Doubletake: The Bloody Benders
		Types of Violent Crime
			Murder
				Theory to Practice: Skeletons in the Closet
			Forcible Rape
			Robbery
			Assault
		Summary
		Questions
	Chapter 11 Organized and White-Collar Crime
		Organized Crime
			The Beginning of Organized Crime in the United States
			The Rise of the Underworld
			The American Mafi a
				Doubletake: Creating the Mafi a
				Theory to Practice: Racketeering Infl uenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO)
			Ethnically Based Organized Crime in the United States
			Theories of Organized Crime
			Organized Crime Off enses
				So What’s New? The Organ Trade
			The Globalization of Organized Crime
		White-Collar Crime
			Theories of White-Collar Crime
			White-Collar Off enses by Employees
			Corporate Crime
				Doubletake: The Bhopal Disaster
		Summary
		Questions
	Chapter 12 Public-Order Off enses and Values
		General and Indirect Victims
			Morality and Crime
			Morality and Social Harm
		Substance Abuse and the Law
			A Brief Legal History of Alcohol and Drugs in the United States
			Substance Abuse Today
			Legalization and Decriminalization
				Theory to Practice: Harm Reduction as a Drug Strategy
		Sex Off enses
			Prostitution
				Doubletake: Some Facts About Prostitution
			Pornography
				Sodomy
			Gambling
				A Brief History of Gambling
			Legal Gambling
				So What’s New? Dog-Fighting, Gambling, and Crime
			Illegal Gambling
			The Public Order, Victims, and Values
			Summary
			Questions
PART FOUR Responding to Crime
	Chapter 13 Terrorism
		Defi ning Terrorism
		Terrorism and Criminological Theory
		A Short History of Terrorism
			The Modern Concept of Terrorism
			Terrorism and Guerrilla Warfare
		Domestic Terrorism
			Theory to Practice: The Southern Poverty Law Center
		International Terrorism
			Spain
			Northern Ireland
			Turkey
			Africa
			South Asia
			Chechnya
			Israel and the Palestinians
			Al Qaeda
		The U.S. Response to Global Terrorism
			Doubletake: The National Data Exchange
			Controlling Terrorism
			Dealing with Terrorists
			Safeguarding the Homeland
		Summary
		Questions
	Chapter 14 Criminology, Technology, and Privacy
		Criminology and Technology
			Theory to Practice: Because That’s Where the Money Is
		A Short History of Technology and Crime
			The Beginnings of the Internet
			The Internet and Crime
			Doubletake: Phun with Fonics
		Types of Computer Network Crime
			The Computer Crime Toolbox
			The Most Serious Off enses
		Information Technology in the Criminal Justice System
			Technology for Surveillance and Short-Term Tracking
			Technology for Identifi cation and Long-Term Tracking
		Privacy, Security, and the Future
		Summary
		Questions
Glossary
References
Text Credits
Photo Credits
Name Index
Subject Index