The Voice and Voice Therapy

Welcome
	Welcome
	Copyright
	Dedication
	In Memoriam
	About the Authors
	Contents
	Preface
	Acknowledgments
	Prologue
1: An Introduction to Voice Disorders and Their Management
	Introduction: An Introduction to Voice Disorders and Their Management
	The Biological Function of the Larynx
	The Emotional Function of the Larynx
	The Linguistic Function of the Voice
	Prevalence of Voice Disorders in the General Population
	Prevalence of Voice Disorders in Special Populations
		Prevalence of Voice Disorders in SLPs and Future SLPs
	Kinds of Voice Disorders
		Organic Voice Disorders
	Management and Therapy for Voice Disorders
	Summary
2: Normal Voice
	Introduction: Normal Voice
	Normal Aspects of Voice
	Normal Processes of Voice Production
	The Respiratory System
	Structures of Respiration
		The Inspiratory Muscles
	Control of Breathing
	The Respiratory Cycle (Inhalation and Exhalation)
	Respiratory Volumes and Capacities
	The Effects of Aging on the Respiratory System
	Breathing for Life Versus Breathing for Speech
	The Phonatory System
	Anatomy of Phonation
		Extrinsic Laryngeal Ligaments and Membranes
		Intrinsic Laryngeal Ligaments and Membranes
		The Ventricular (False) Vocal Folds
		Nervous System Control of the Larynx
	Voice Production
		Voice Registers
		How We Change Vocal Quality
	Resonance
	Structures of Resonance
	Mechanism of Resonance
	Summary
3: Functional Voice Disorders
	Introduction: Functional Voice Disorders
	Excessive Muscle Tension Disorders
	Benign Pathologies Resulting from Excessive Muscle Tension Disorders
		Vocal Fold Polyps
	Voice Characteristics with Excessive Muscle Tension Disorders
	Psychogenic Voice Disorders
		Functional Dysphonia
	Summary
4: Organic Voice Disorders
	Introduction: Organic Voice Disorders
	Congenital Abnormalities
	Acid Reflux Disease
	Contact Ulcers (Granulomas)
	Cysts
	Endocrine Changes
	Hemangioma
	Hyperkeratosis
	Infectious Laryngitis
	Leukoplakia
	Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis
	Pubertal Changes
	Sulcus Vocalis
	Webbing
	Laryngeal Cancer
	Summary
5: Neurogenic Voice Disorders
	Introduction: Neurogenic Voice Disorders
	A Working View of the Nervous System
	The Central Nervous System, the Cortex, and Its Projections
		Neurotransmitters
	The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
	Conditions Leading to Neurogenic Dysphonia
	Vocal Fold Paralysis
		Medical Management of UVFP
	Spasmodic Dysphonia (SD)
		Voice Therapy for SD
	Essential Voice Tremor
	Differences Between SD, Essential Voice Tremor, and Muscle Tension Dysphonia
	Parkinson’s Disease (PD)
	Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)
	Traumatic Brain Injury
	Summary
6: Evaluation of the Voice
	Introduction: Evaluation of the Voice
	Screening for Voice Disorders
	Medical Evaluation of the Voice-Disordered Patient
	Review of Auditory and Visual Status
	Case History
	Behavioral Observation
	Auditory-Perceptual Ratings
	The Oral-Peripheral Mechanism Examination
	The Clinical Voice Laboratory
	Acoustic Analyses and Instrumentation
		Frequency Variability
		Vocal Perturbation Measures
	Electroglottographic Analysis and Instrumentation
	Aerodynamic Measurements and Instrumentation
		Laryngeal Resistance
	Phonatory–Respiratory Efficiency Analyses and Instrumentation
	Voice Dosage Analysis and Instrumentation
	Case Studies
		Case Study 1: MTD in An Older Female
		Case Study 2: Vocal Nodules in a Young Male
		Case Study 3: Differential Diagnosis of Dysphonia in an Adolescent with a Complex Medical History
	Summary
7: Voice Facilitating Approaches
	Introduction: Voice Facilitating Approaches
	Patient Compliance and Emerging Technologies in Voice Intervention
	Voice Facilitating Approaches
		2. Change of Loudness
		3. Chant-Talk
		5. Confidential Voice
		6. Counseling (Explanation of Problem)
		8. Elimination of Abuses
		10. Focus
		11. Glottal Fry
		13. Hierarchy Analysis
		15. Laryngeal Massage
		17. Nasal-Glide Stimulation
		20. Redirected Phonation
		21. Relaxation
		23. Tongue Protrusion /i/
		25. Yawn-Sigh
	Summary
8: Therapy for Special Patient Populations
	Introduction: Therapy for Special Patient Populations
	Voice Therapy for Particular Populations
		Pediatric Voice Problems
		Professional Voice Users
		Deaf and Hard of Hearing
	Voice Therapy for Respiratory-Based Voice Problems
		Paradoxical Vocal Fold Movement
	Summary
9: Management and Therapy Following Laryngeal Cancer
	Introduction: Management and Therapy Following Laryngeal Cancer
	Risk Factors, Incidence, and Demographics in Head and Neck Cancer
	Historical Review of Laryngeal Cancers
	Modes of Cancer Treatment
	Case Examples
	Voice Facilitating Approaches
	Vocal Hygiene
	Laryngectomy
	Tumor Staging
	Surgical Advances and Organ Preservation Protocols
	Preoperative Counseling
	Postlaryngectomy Communication Options
	The Artificial Larynx
	Esophageal Speech (ES)
	Tracheoesophageal Puncture (TEP)
	Overview of the Pharyngoesophageal (PE) Segment
	Summary
10: Resonance Disorders
	Introduction: Resonance Disorders
	Resonance Defined
	Disorders of Nasal Resonance
	Evaluation of Nasal Resonance Disorders
		Stimulability Testing
	The Oral Examination
	Laboratory Instrumentation
	Treatment of Nasal Resonance Disorders
		Prosthetic Treatment of Hypernasality
		Hyponasality
	Therapy for Oral-Pharyngeal Resonance Problems
	Summary
References
	References
Video and Interactive Resources
	Video and Interactive Resources
Print Version
	Print Version