The Ultimate Guide for Laser and IPL in the Aesthetic Field

Acknowledgment
Contents
Chapter 1: Skin, Light, and Their Interactions
	Skin Anatomy
		Epidermis (EP)
			Stratum Corneum
			Stratum Grаnulоѕum
			Stratum Sріnоѕum
			Stratum Basale
			Melanocytes
		Dermis
		Subcutaneous Layer
	Histology of Normal Skin
	Changes due to Intrinsic Aging
	Changes due to Photoaging
		Epidermis (EP)
		Dermis
		Classification of Photoaging
	Light-Based Treatment
	Light-Tissue Interaction
		Skin’s Chromophores
			Selective Photothermolysis
			Chemical Photosensitization
			Photoacoustic Effect
		Light Parameters
			Wаvеlеngthѕ (nm)
			Fluence (J/cm2)
			Pulse Widths (Fraction of a Second)
			Train of Sequential Sub-pulses
			Pulse Shape
			Spot Size (mm)
			Depth of Penetration
			Repetition Rate (Hz) for the Device
		Skin Histology Changes After Laser Interaction
			Laser Hair Removal
			Skin Rejuvenation with Color-Sensitive Laser
			Non-ablative Color-Blind Laser
			Picosecond
			CO2 Fractional
			Er:YAG Fully Ablative
		Skin Lesion Characteristics
			Absorption and Contrast
			Skin Phototypes
				Fitzpatrick Assessment
				Skin Reflectance Colorimeter
			Thermal Relaxation Time (TRT) and Size
			Depth of the Lesion
	References
Chapter 2: Laser and Intense Pulsed Light
	IPL
		Types of IPLS
			IPL with Interchangeable Filters
				Comparison
			IPL with Interchangeable Handpieces (Applicators)
				Comparison
			Special IPL
	Lasers
		Color Sensitive
		Color-Blind
		Color Sensitive According to Pulse Width
			Long Millisecond (ms) and Quasi-long Microsecond (μs) Laser
				532 nm KTP
					Comparison
					excel V Interface
				585 and 595 nm Pulsed Dye Lasers (PDL)
					Comparison
					Vbeam Interface
				755 nm Alexandrite (Alex) Laser
					Comparison
					GentleMax
					Diode Laser
					High-Fluence Static Mode
						LightSheer
							HS Vacuum Handpiece
							ET Standard Handpiece
						Vectus Cynosure
					Low-Fluence Dynamic Super Hair Removal (SHR)
					Comparison
				1064 nm ND:YAG Laser
					Comparison
					GentleMax
			Short Q-Switched Nanosecond (ns) Laser
				532 nm KTP
				585 and 595 nm Pulsed Dye Lasers (PDL)
				1064 nm ND:YAG Laser
					Comparison
					Lutronic Spectra Interface
			Ultrashort Picosecond (ps) Laser
				Comparison
		Color-Blind Lasers
			Resurfacing Lasers
				Fractional Non-ablative Lasers (FNAL)
					Comparison
					Halo Laser
				Fractional Ablative Lasers (FAL)
					What Is Stacking
					2940 ER:YAG and CR:YSGG 2790 nm Laser
						Comparison
						Fotona Dynamis
					iPixel ER:YAG 2940 nm 2 Hz Applicator; 7 × 1 iPixel Roller
					10,600 nm CO2 Laser
						Indications
						Comparison
					eCO2 by Lutronic
					CO2RE by Candela
					ULT Rapulse by Lumenis (Fig. 2.32, Table 2.25)
	References
Chapter 3: Hair Removal
	Hair Follicles
		Anatomy
		Growth
		Assessment
			Hair Color
			Texture and Coarseness
				Glove Test
			Hair Density
			Extremities and Face
			Abdomen
			Pubic Region
			Skin Phototype
				Fitzpatrick Assessment
				Skin Reflectance Colorimeter
	Wavelength
	Available Technology
		IPL
			IPL Equipped with a Single Filter
				IPL-SQ from Vydence
				Lumenis M22 IPL
				Forever BARE by BBL Sciton
			IPL Equipped with Different Applicators
				Icon Palomar by Cynosure
			IPL Equipped with a Dual Filter
				Nordlys Ellipse by Candela
				Harmony by Alma
				elos Pulse with Motif HR Applicator
			Choosing IPL for Your Practice
				Pre-treatment Instruction
					Medical History
					Managing Clients’ Expectations
					Possible Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
				Procedure
					Endpoint
				Post-treatment Instruction
		Long-Pulsed Alexandrite 755 nm
			Pre-treatment Instruction
			Procedure
				Parameters
				Endpoint
		Long-Pulsed Diode 810 nm
			High-Fluence Single Pass
				Endpoint
			Low Fluence with Multiple Passes
				Endpoint
		Long-Pulsed ND:YAG 1064 nm
			Procedure
			Parameters (Tables 3.15 and 3.16)
				Endpoint
		Blended Blend Wavelengths
		Electro-optical Synergy
	How to Choose a System for Hair Removal
	References
Chapter 4: Acne Vulguris
	Active Acne Vulgaris
	Acne Assessment
		Subjective Tools and Questioners
		Objective Tools and Skin Analyzers
	Treatment Options
		Light-Based Treatment
			Mechanism of Action
			IPL
				Wavelengths to Be Used
				The Pulse Time
				The Correct Energy
					Single Cutoff Filter
					Icon Palomar by Cynosure
						Fluence and Pulse Width
					Negative Pneumatic Pressure IPL
					A Dual-Filter IPL
						Nordlys by Candela
						Harmony by Alma
						M22 Form Lumenis
		Comparison of Dual-Filter IPL for Acne
			532 nm KTP Laser
			585 and 595 nm Pulsed Dye Laser
				Long-Pulsed PDL
				Short Pulse Duration
			1064 Nd:YAG Laser
				Long and Quasi-long Pulse Width in Millisecond
				Short-Pulsed Laser
			Non-ablative Fractional Lasers
				1450 nm Diode Laser
				1540 and 1550 nm ER: Glass Laser
					Fraxel Dual from Solta
					Icon 1540 Fractional Laser from Cynosure
					Alma Harmony XL Pro ClearSkin Pro Er:Glass 1540 nm
					Frax Pro® 1550 from Candela
	Choosing a Device for Acne Treatment
	References
Chapter 5: Hyperpigmentation
	Epidermal Pigmented Lesions: Actinic Lentigines and Ephelides
		IPL
			Pre-treatment Instructions
				Other Pre- and Post-treatment Options
				An Accurate Medical History
			Test Spot
			Treatment
			Treatment Parameters
				Vydence IPL-Sq
				Lumenis M22® IPL
				Harmony
				Icon®
					MaxY®
					MaxG®
				Post-treatment Care
		Laser
			Color-Sensitive Lasers
				Long-Pulsed Lasers
					Pulsed Dye Laser
					Alex 755
				Q-Switched Short-Pulsed Lasers
	Melasma
		Assessment
		Managing Patient Expectation
		Etiology
		Classification
		Treatment
			Topical Agents
				Active Ingredients and Mechanism of Actions
				Indication
			Light-Based Treatments
				IPL
					Lumenis M22®
					Lumecca from InMode
					Nordlys Ellipse by Candela
					Cooling
					The Treatment Parameter
					Clinical Endpoint
				Q-Switched Nanosecond Lasers
					Endpoint
					Treatment Parameters
					Combination with Tranexamic Acid
				Picosecond Lasers
				Fractional Non-ablative Laser (FNAL)
					Water as a Chromophore
					Wavelength
						1550 nm
							Test Spot
							Pain Level and Redness
						1927 nm
						Combination
						Test Spot
						Pain Level
			Ablative Fractionated Resurfacing Lasers
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 6: Scar Revision
	Scar Assessment and Types
	Atrophic Scars
		Light-Based Treatment
			Intense Pulse Light
			Color-Sensitive Lasers
				Long Pulse
				Short-Pulsed Q-Switched Nanosecond Lasers
				Ultrashort
				Histological Changes
			Color-Blind Lasers
				Non-ablative Fractional Laser (FNAL)
				Histology Changes
					Clinical Endpoint
					Test Spot
					Post-treatment
					Fraxel Dual
					Icon® 1540 Fractional Laser
				ClearSkin Pro
				Ablative Fractional Laser
					CO2
					Histological Changes
				ER:YAG
					Histological Changes
		Summary of Suggested Treatments
	Hypertrophic Scars and Keloids
		Etiology
		Light-Based Treatment
			Intense Pulse Light
			Color-Sensitive Lasers
				Long-Pulsed Lasers
				Quasi-long-Pulsed Nd:YAG 1064 nm (Millisecond Range)
				Q-Switched Nanosecond Laser
		Ultrashort Picosecond Lasers
			Color-Blind Lasers
				Non-ablative Fractional Laser
				Ablative Fractional Laser
					CO2 Laser
					Indications
					Comparison
					eCO2 by Lutronic
					CO2RE by Candela
					UltraPulse by Lumenis (Fig. 6.18; Table 6.21)
					ER:YAG
					Stacking
	References
Chapter 7: Stretch Marks (Striae Distensae)
	Etiology
	Light Base Treatment
		IPL
		Pulsed Dye Laser
		1064 nm ND:YAG
		Fractional Non-ablative Lasers
			1540 Fractional Laser
			1550 nm Er:Glass Laser
			1565 nm Laser
		Fractional Ablative Lasers
			10,064 nm CO2 Laser
			Fractional Er:YAG Laser
	References
Chapter 8: Laser Vaginal Rejuvenation
	Laser Vaginal Rejuvenation
		Fractional CO2
		Non-ablative Er:YAG
		Hybrid Fractional Laser
	Treatment Procedures
	Evaluation, Consultation, and Follow-Up
		Consultation/Education
		Medical History
		Informed Consent
		Medication
		Follow-Up
		Possible Side Effects
	Contraindications
	References
Chapter 9: Buying a New Laser or IPL Devices
	Stand-Alone Versus Modular Platforms
	Planning Your Next Device Purchase
	Refurbished Devices
	References
Chapter 10: Buying a Refurbished Laser Device
	Medical Device Regulations in the United States
		Marketing or Selling a New Medical Device
			Device Classifications
			FDA Medical Device Approval Pathways
		Marketing or Selling a Refurbished Medical Device
			FDA Control of Refurbished Device Trading in the United States
			Obligation in Terms of Reservicing a Medical Device
			Problem with Buying Refurbished Laser Device
	References
Appendix
	General Laser Consent Form
	General Post-Care
		What to Expect After Treatment
		What You May Feel and Look Like
		How to Care for Your Skin After Treatment
Laser Hair Removal
	Consent Form
	Pre- and Post-Care
		Pre-Care
		Post-Care
Non-ablative Fractional Laser
	Consent Form
	Pre- and Post-Care
		Pre-Care
		Post-Care 1
			What to Expect Following Treatment
			What You May Feel and Appear to Be
			How to Take Care of Your Skin Following Treatment
		Post-Care 2
			Following Treatment
Rosacea and Spider Vein Removal
	Consent Form
	Post-Treatment Instructions
	CO2 Laser
	Pre- and Post-Care
		Pre-Care
		Post-Care
Acne Treatments
	Consent Form 1
	Consent Form 2
		A Review of Light Therapy Facts
		Common Risks and Side Effects
	Pre- and Post-Care
		Pre-Care
		Post-Care
Melasma
	Pre- and Post-Care
		Pre-Care
		Post-Care
Index