The Translational Apparatus: Structure, Function, Regulation, Evolution

Front Matter....Pages i-xiii
The Crystal Structure of Seryl-tRNA Synthetase and its Complexes with ATP and tRNA Ser ....Pages 1-12
Charging of RNA Microhelices and Decoding Genetic Information: Evaluation of Functional Coupling Between Distal Parts of a tRNA Structure....Pages 13-21
Identity of a Prokaryotic Initiator tRNA....Pages 23-33
Genetic Systems in Yeast for Analysis of Initiator/ Elongator tRNA Specificity....Pages 35-45
Specificity in RNA: Protein Interactions; the Recognition of Escherichia Coli Glutamine tRNA....Pages 47-58
Conformational Change of tRNA Upon Interaction of the Identity-Determinant Set with Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase....Pages 59-66
Functional Aspects of Three Modified Nucleosides, Ψ, ms 2 io 6 A, and m 1 G, Present in the Anticodon Loop of tRNA....Pages 67-78
The Determination of Posttranscriptional Modification in RNA....Pages 79-88
RNA Polymerase I, the Nucleolus and Synthesis of 35S rRNA in the Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ....Pages 89-99
DNA Elements and Protein Factors Involved in the Regulation of Transcription of the Ribosomal RNA Genes in Yeast....Pages 101-108
Genetic Approaches to the Study of Eukaryotic Ribosomes....Pages 109-117
Regulation of Ribosomal RNA Synthesis and Control of Ribosome Formation in E. Coli ....Pages 119-130
Regulation of the Eleven Gene S10 Ribosomal Protein Operon by the 50S Subunit Protein L4....Pages 131-138
Fis-Dependent Trans -Activation of Stable RNA Operons and Bacterial Growth....Pages 139-150
Ribosomal RNA Processing in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ....Pages 151-162
Analysis of Mutations in the 23S rRNA....Pages 163-172
Extrinsic Factors in Ribosome Assembly....Pages 173-184
Non-Ribosomal Proteins Affecting the Assembly of Ribosomes in Escherichia Coli....Pages 185-195
Mechanisms of Translational Initiation and Repression in Prokaryotes....Pages 197-207
The Central Pseudoknot Connecting the Three Major Domains in 16S rRNA is Required for Translational Initiation....Pages 209-220
RNA Helicase Activity in Translation Initiation in Eukaryotes....Pages 221-228
Translation Initiation by Internal Ribosome Binding of Eukaryotic mRNA Molecules....Pages 229-240
Novel Structural and Functional Aspects of Translational Initiation Factor IF2....Pages 241-252
Translational Stop Signals: Evolution, Decoding for Protein Synthesis and Recoding for Alternative Events....Pages 253-262
The Allosteric Three-Site Model and the Mechanism of Action of Both Elongation Factors EF-Tu and EF-G....Pages 263-272
Elongation Factor Tu from Thermus Thermophilus , Structure, Domains and Interactions....Pages 273-284
Topography of the Ternary EF-Tu/GTP/Phe-tRNA Phe Complex as Studied by Crosslinking and Limited Proteolysis....Pages 285-294
Specific Functions of Elongation Factor Tu, a Molecular Switch in Protein Biosynthesis, as Studied by Site-Directed Mutagenesis....Pages 295-304
EF-Tu Stoichiometries in Code Translation....Pages 305-315
Kinetic Fluorescence Study on EF-Tu-Dependent Binding of Phe-tRNA Phe to the Ribosomal a Site....Pages 317-326
Defining the Function of EF-3, a Unique Elongation Factor in Low Fungi....Pages 327-338
Antibiotic and Protein Interactions with the Gtpase and Peptidyl Transferase Regions in 23S rRNA....Pages 339-346
Extension and Folding of Nascent Peptides on Ribosomes....Pages 347-358
Protein Synthesis and Secretion as Seen by the Nascent Protein Chain....Pages 359-370
Mutants of tRNA, Ribosomes and mRNA Affecting Frameshifting, Hopping or Stop Codon Read-Through....Pages 371-374
Use of Ribosomal Accuracy Mutants to Probe Mechanisms of Programmed Translational Frameshifts in Escherichia coli ....Pages 375-384
23S rRNA Tunes Ribosomal Accuracy....Pages 385-395
Towards Atomic Resolution of Prokaryotic Ribosomes: Crystallographic, Genetic and Biochemical Studies....Pages 397-410
Functional Site Determinations in Three Dimensions on Eukaryotic and Eubacterial Ribosomes....Pages 411-419
Messenger RNA Path Through the Procaryotic Ribosome....Pages 421-431
Mapping the Functional Centre of the Escherichia Coli Ribosome....Pages 433-444
The Arrangement of tRNA in the Ribosome....Pages 445-454
A Model of the tRNA Binding Sites on the Escherichia Coli Ribosome....Pages 455-464
Photolabile Oligodeoxyribonucleotide Probes of E. coli Ribosome Structure....Pages 465-476
The Simplicity Behind the Elucidation of Complex Structure in Ribosomal RNA....Pages 477-488
The Functional Role of Conserved Sequences of 16S Ribosomal RNA in Protein Synthesis....Pages 489-500
Crystallization and Diffraction Studies of Thermus Flavus 5S rRNA and Synthetic Fragments of the 5S rRNA....Pages 501-508
Towards Ribosomal Structure at Peptide Level: Use of Crosslinking, Antipeptide Antibodies and Limited Proteolysis....Pages 509-520
Structure and Function of Escherichia Coli Ribosomal Protein L7/L12: Effect of Cross-Links and Deletions....Pages 521-532
Structural Studies on Prokaryotic Ribosomal Proteins....Pages 533-544
Molecular Genetics of Chloroplast Ribosomes in Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ....Pages 545-554
The Nuclear Genes for Chloroplast Ribosomal Proteins L11 and L12 in Higher Plants....Pages 555-564
The Spinach Plastid Ribosome: Protein Properties and Aspects of Ribosome Biosynthesis....Pages 565-574
Structure and Function of Mammalian Mitochondrial Ribosomes....Pages 575-586
Essential Features of the Peptidyl Transferase Center in the Yeast Mitochondrial Ribosome....Pages 587-598
Genes for Mitochondrial Ribosomal Proteins in Plants....Pages 599-607
Editing Creates the Initiator Codon of the rpl 2 Transcript from Maize Chloroplasts....Pages 609-616
The Plant Mitochondrial Transfer RNA Population: A Mosaic of Species with Different Genetic Origins....Pages 617-626
Assembly of SRP from Single Polypeptides and 7S RNA....Pages 627-633
The Alu-Domain of the Signal Recognition Particle....Pages 635-645
Molecular Mechanism of the Genetic Code Variations Found in Candida Species and its Implications in Evolution of the Genetic Code....Pages 647-656
The Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase Family: An Evolutionary View of Their Structural Organization....Pages 657-668
Evolution of the EF-Tu Family....Pages 669-678
The Evolution of Ribosomal Protein and Ribosomal RNA Operons: Coding Sequences, Regulatory Mechanisms and Processing Pathways....Pages 679-688
The Ribosomal Proteins: Compilation of Protein Species Equivalents from Various Organisms, Based on Evolutionary Analyses....Pages 689-700
Expression and Assembly of Chloroplast Ribosomal Proteins in E.Coli ....Pages 701-711
The Cellular Slime Mold as a Paradigm to Study Ribosome Polymorphism in Eukaryotes....Pages 713-717
Reconstitution of a Minimal Small Ribosomal Subunit....Pages 719-726
The Bifunctional Nature of Ribosomal Proteins and Speculations on Their Origins....Pages 727-737
Back Matter....Pages 739-746