The Snowden Reader

Cover
Contents
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Editor’s Note
Abbreviations
Introduction
PART I: PERSPECTIVES ON THE SNOWDEN DISCLOSURES
	1 Security and Liberty: The Imaginary Balance
	2 Edward Snowden and the NSA: Law, Policy, and Politics
	3 From Passivity to Eternal Vigilance: NSA Surveillance and Effective Oversight of Government Power
	4 U.S. Foreign Policy and the Snowden Leaks
	5 Taking Snowden Seriously: Civil Disobedience for an Age of Total Surveillance
PART II: THE SNOWDEN AFFAIR THROUGH PRIMARY DOCUMENTS
	A. Revelations and Reactions
		Unconstitutional Abuse of Power or Legitimate and Necessary Security Measures? NSA Programs under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act
			1 The Verizon Order
			2 NSA PRISM and UPSTREAM Briefing Slides
			3 Robert S. Litt, General Counsel, Office of the Director of National Intelligence, Speech at Brookings Institution
			4 U.S. House of Representatives, Amash-Conyers Amendment Debate
		Hero or Villain? Persecuting a Defender of Human Rights v. Prosecuting a Criminal Suspect
			5 Edward Snowden, Statement at the Moscow Airport
			6 Attorney General Eric Holder, Letter to the Russian Minister of Justice
		Rubber Stamp or Robust Tribunal? The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court
			7 FISC Order on the Telephone Metadata Program, 2009
		Made in the USA? NSA Surveillance and U.S. Technology Companies
			8 NSA MUSCULAR Program Briefing Slide
			9 Marissa Mayer, Yahoo CEO, Statement on Protecting Customer Information
			10 Reform Government Surveillance, Surveillance Reform Principles and Open Letter from U.S. Technology Companies
		Friend and Foe? U.S. Espionage against Other Countries
			11 NSA Briefing Slides on Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff and Petrobas Oil Company
			12 James R. Clapper, Director of National Intelligence, Statement on Allegations of Economic Espionage
			13 Dilma Rousseff, President of Brazil, Statement to United Nations General Assembly
			14 NSA Document on Cell Phone Surveillance of German Chancellor Angela Merkel
			15 Wanted by the FBI
			16 Chinese National Ministry of Defense, Statement on U.S. Indictment of Chinese Military Officers
		A Secure and Reliable Cyberspace? The NSA, Encryption, and Exploits
			17 NSA’s Project BULLRUN on Defeating Encryption
			18 NSA’s SIGINT Strategy, 2012–2016
			19 Office of the Director of National Intelligence and James R. Clapper, Director of National Intelligence, Statements on NSA Cryptological Capabilities
			20 NSA Briefing Slides on the QUANTUM Project
			21 NSA Public Affairs Office, Statement in Response to Press Allegations
		Norms of Responsible Behavior in Cyberspace? U.S. Cyber Operations
			22 Presidential Policy Directive 20 on U.S. Cyber Operations Policy
		“Worse than the U.S.”? Surveillance by the UK’s Government Communications Headquarters
			23 GCHQ’s TEMPORA Program
			24 NSA Memo on the TEMPORA Program
			25 British Parliament’s Intelligence and Security Committee, Statement on the U.S. PRISM Program
			26 European Court of Human Rights, Big Brother Watch and Others v. United Kingdom
	B. Reviews and Recommendations
		U.S. Federal Court Decisions on NSA Programs
			27 Klayman v. Obama: Issuing a Preliminary Injunction against the Telephone Metadata Program
			28 ACLU v. Clapper: Upholding the Legality of the Telephone Metadata Program
			29 United States v. Mohamud: Upholding the Legality of Section 702 of FISA
		Reports from U.S. Advisory and Oversight Bodies
			30 Report of the President’s Review Group on Intelligence and Communications Technologies, Executive Summary
			31 Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board, Report on the Telephone Metadata Program and FISC, Executive Summary
			32 Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board, Report on Section 702 of FISA, Executive Summary
		International Institutions
			33 Edward Snowden, Testimony to the European Parliament
			34 European Parliament, Resolution on U.S. NSA Surveillance Program
			35 United Nations Resolution on the Right to Privacy in the Digital Age
		C. Reforms and a Reflection
			36 President Barack Obama, Remarks on Review of Signals Intelligence
			37 U.S. House of Representatives, USA FREEDOM Act
			38 Edward Snowden, One Year Later
Contributors
Index
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