The rise of political Islam in Turkey

Cover......Page 1
Preface......Page 4
Contents......Page 6
Figures and Table......Page 8
Summary......Page 10
Acknowledgments......Page 18
Acronyms and Abbreviations......Page 20
Politics and Religion in Turkey......Page 22
Structure of the Report......Page 26
CHAPTER TWO  The Islamic Landscape in Turkey......Page 28
Religion, Ethnicity, and Politics......Page 30
The Management of Islam......Page 32
Sufi Brotherhoods......Page 34
Religious Movements......Page 36
Islamic Foundations......Page 39
Shi’ites and Alevis......Page 40
Turkish Attitudes Toward Religion......Page 43
The Violent Fringe......Page 47
Turks in Europe......Page 48
CHAPTER THREE  The Rise of Political Islam in Turkey......Page 52
The Impact of the Kemalist Revolution......Page 53
The Advent of Multiparty Democracy......Page 56
The “Turkish-Islamic Synthesis”......Page 58
The Impact of the Özal Reforms......Page 59
The Rise of the Religious Right......Page 61
Political Islam in Power: The Welfare Interlude......Page 63
The Impact of the February 28 Process......Page 65
The Ascendency of the AKP......Page 68
The July 22, 2007, Election......Page 70
The Reconfiguration of Turkish Politics......Page 72
The AKP: A New Synthesis or Islamism in Disguise?......Page 74
“Green Money”......Page 78
The Headscarf Controversy......Page 81
The Imam-Hatip Schools Controversy......Page 84
Non-Muslim Minorities Under AKP Rule......Page 86
The AKP and the Kurds......Page 88
The AKP and the Military......Page 89
The AKP’s Uncertain Future......Page 94
CHAPTER FIVE  The AKP’s Foreign Policy......Page 96
Relations with Europe......Page 97
Relations with the United States......Page 102
Relations with Russia......Page 105
Relations with the Middle East......Page 106
Scenario 1: The AKP Pursues a Moderate, EU-Oriented Path......Page 112
Scenario 2: Creeping Islamization......Page 114
Scenario 3: Judicial Closing of the AKP......Page 115
Scenario 4: Military Intervention......Page 116
Implications for U.S. Policy......Page 117
Foreign Policy and Bilateral Issues......Page 120
The PKK and the Kurdish Issue......Page 121
Bibliography......Page 124