The RF in RFID: Passive UHF RFID in Practice

Front Cover......Page 1
The RF in RFID......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
Table of Contents......Page 6
1.1 What, When, and Where, Wirelessly......Page 12
1.2 Why Would You Read This Book?......Page 13
1.3 What Comes Next?......Page 14
1.5 Further Reading......Page 15
2.1 It All Started with IFF......Page 18
2.2 Making it Cheap......Page 20
2.3 Making and Selling: Tracking Big Stuff......Page 26
2.4 Tracking Small Stuff: AutoID and The Web of Things......Page 30
2.5 RFID Systems and Terminology......Page 33
2.6 Types of RFID......Page 35
2.7 The Internet of Things and UHF RFID......Page 57
2.8 Further Reading......Page 59
2.9 Exercises......Page 60
3.1 Electromagnetic Waves......Page 62
3.2 Describing Signal Voltage and Power......Page 66
3.3 Information, Modulation, and Multiplexing......Page 69
3.4 Backscatter Radio Links......Page 79
3.5 Link Budgets......Page 84
3.6 Effect of Antenna Gain and Polarization on Range......Page 91
3.7 Propagation in the Real World......Page 104
3.8 Capsule Summary: Chapter 3......Page 110
3.9 Further Reading......Page 111
3.10 Exercises......Page 112
4.1 A Radio’s Days (and nights)......Page 114
4.2 Radio Architectures......Page 118
4.3 Radio Components......Page 121
4.4 RFID Transmitters......Page 170
4.5 RFID Receivers......Page 186
4.6 Digital-Analog Conversion and Signal Processing......Page 195
4.8 Capsule Summary......Page 198
4.9 Further Reading......Page 200
4.10 Exercises......Page 202
5.1 Power and Powerlessness......Page 206
5.2 RF to DC......Page 208
5.3 Getting Started, Getting Data......Page 218
5.4 Talking Back......Page 221
5.5 Tag IC Overall Design Challenges......Page 231
5.6 Packaging: No Small Matter......Page 233
5.7 Other Ways......Page 241
5.8 Capsule Summary......Page 245
5.9 Further Reading......Page 246
5.10 Exercises......Page 248
6.1 Not Just for Insects Anymore......Page 252
6.2 Current Events: Fundamentals of Antenna Operation......Page 253
6.3 Antennas for Fixed Readers......Page 279
6.4 Antennas for Handheld or Portable Readers......Page 289
6.5 Near-field Antennas......Page 295
6.6 Cables and Connectors......Page 298
6.7 Capsule Summary......Page 306
6.8 Afterword: An Electron’s Eyelash......Page 307
6.9 Further Reading......Page 308
6.10 Exercises......Page 309
7.1 World to Tag, Tag to World......Page 316
7.2 Impedance Matching and Power Transfer......Page 317
7.3 Dipoles and Derivatives......Page 325
7.4 Tags and the (local) Environment......Page 347
7.5 Near-field and Hybrid Tag Antennas......Page 363
7.6 Capsule Summary......Page 365
7.7 Further Reading......Page 366
7.8 Exercises......Page 368
8.1 What a Protocol Droid Should Know......Page 372
8.2 Days of Yore......Page 381
8.3 EPCglobal Generation 1......Page 385
8.4 ISO 18000-6B (Intellitag)......Page 404
8.5 ISO 18000-6C (EPCglobal Class 1 Generation 2)......Page 409
8.6 Capsule Summary......Page 448
8.7 Further Reading......Page 449
8.8 Exercises......Page 451
Afterword......Page 456
A1.1 Couldn’t Wait for Global Warming......Page 458
A1.2 FCC PART 15......Page 460
A1.3 European Standards......Page 464
A1.4 Those Other Few Billion Folks......Page 467
A2.1 Sines and Cosines......Page 470
A2.2 Complex Numbers and Complex Exponentials......Page 471
A3.1 Electric Company Detective Sherlock Ohms......Page 478
A3.2 Resistance is Useless?......Page 481
A3.3 Switching......Page 486
A4.1 Reflection Coefficients......Page 488
A4.2 A Simple (But Relevant) Matching Example......Page 491
Index......Page 496