The Police Manager

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Contents
Preface
Part 1: Introductory Concepts of Police Management
Chapter 1: A History and Philosophy of Police Management
	Learning Objectives
	The Police Manager\'s Role
	The Management Process
	History of Management
	Discussion Questions
	References
Chapter 2: From Philosophy to Outcomes
	Learning Objectives
	Introduction
	Motivation
	Philosophy
		Values
		Beliefs
		Principles
	Behavior
		Daily Decisions
		Routine Activities
		Standards
		Policies and Procedures
	Outcomes
	Conclusion
	Discussion Questions
	References
Chapter 3: Organizational Culture
	Learning Objectives
	Introduction
	What Is Culture?
	Why Culture Is Important
	How Culture Is Developed
	The Police Subculture
	Policing Styles
	Identifying Your Police Department\'s Culture
	Changing the Culture
	Conclusion
	Discussion Questions
	References
Part 2: Behavioral Aspects of Police Management
Chapter 4: Leadership Behavior Styles
	Learning Objectives
	Introduction
	Qualities of a Successful Police Manager
	Styles of Leadership
	The Tannenbaum-Schmidt Leadership Continuum
	The Managerial Grid
	The Learning Police Agency
		Systems Thinking
		Personal Mastery
		Mental Models
		Building a Shared Vision
		Team Learning
	Is There a Best Style?
		Adaptive Leadership
		Reality Leadership
		Deciding How to Lead
	Effective Leadership Practices
		Model the Way
		Inspire a Shared Vision
		Challenge the Process
		Enable Others to Act
		Encourage the Heart
	Total Quality Management
		History
		Uses for Law Enforcement
		Summary of TQM
	Developing Organizational Teamwork
	Approaches to the Organizational Development Process
	Conclusion
	Discussion Questions
	References
Chapter 5: Creating a Breed of Super-Sergeants
	Learning Objectives
	Introduction
	The Burden of Supervisory Liability
	A Statement of the Problem
	The Birth of a Process
	Performance-Oriented Supervision
	A Misbalanced Emphasis
	Performance Management
	Reducing Liability Risk
	The Correct Focus: Liability or Performance?
	Credible, Relevant, and Contextual Supervisory Training
		Field Training Supervisor Program
		Successful Performance
		The Raison d\'Être for Supervisors
	Values-Oriented Supervision
	Conclusion
	Discussion Questions
	References
Chapter 6: Succession Planning
	Learning Objectives
	Introduction
	Employee Separation
	Entry
		Recruitment
		Diversity
		Civilianization
	Workforce Development Planning
		Mentoring
		Promotions
		Diversity in Promotion
		Career Development and Cross-Training
		Specialized Assignments
		Use of Retired Employees
	Conclusion
	Discussion Questions
	References
		Further Reading
Chapter 7: Organizational Environment
	Learning Objectives
	Introduction
	Principles of Motivation
	Hierarchy of Effective Communication
		Basic Needs
		Safety Needs
		Belongingness Needs
		Ego Status Needs
		Self-Actualization Needs
		Applying the Hierarchy of Needs to Policing
	Motivation-Hygiene Theory
	Theory X and Theory Y
	Immaturity—Maturity Theory
	Management Systems
		System 1
		System 2
		System 3
		System 4
	Expectancy Theory
	Conclusion
	Discussion Questions
	References
Chapter 8: Transactional Analysis
	Learning Objectives
	Introduction
	Ego States
		Parent Ego State
		Adult Ego State
		Child Ego State
		Using the Ego States
	Transactions and Communication
		Complementary Transactions
		Crossed Transactions
		Ulterior Transactions
	Basic Life Positions and Organizational Sanctions
	Time Structuring
	Organizational Games
		\"If It Weren\'t for Him/Her/Them ...\"
		\"Now I\'ve Got You, You SOB ...\"
		Blemish
		Corner
		\"Poor Me ...\"
		\"Kick Me ...\"
		\"Stupid\"
		\"Wooden Leg\"
	Conclusion
	Discussion Questions
	References
		Further Reading
Chapter 9: Understanding Personnel Through Personality Inventories
	Learning Objectives
	Introduction
	Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2- Restructured Form
	California Psychological Inventory
	Inwald Personality Inventory
	Revised NEO Personal Inventory
	Myers-Briggs Type Indicator®
		Functional Behavior
		Data Experience
		Temperament
		Uses for the MBTI®
	Discussion Questions
	References
Part 3: Functional Aspects of Police Management
Chapter 10: Management Planning
	Learning Objectives
	Introduction
	Effective Planning and Use of Data
		Concern for System
		Concern for Risk
	Management Planning Model
		Explanation
		Responses within Each Management Approach
		Purposeful Approach
		Traditional Approach
		Crisis Approach
		Entrepreneurial Approach
	Selecting a Management Planning Approach
	Conclusion
	Discussion Questions
	References
Chapter 11: Problem Identification and Decision-Making
	Learning Objectives
	Introduction
	Problem Analysis
		Recognizing Problems
		Separating and Setting Priorities
		Specifying the Priority Problem to Be Analyzed
		Testing for Cause
	Decision-Making
		General Principles
		Types of Decisions
		Means-Ends Analysis
		The Decision-Making Process
		Setting the Objective
		Identifying Obstacles
		Collecting and Analyzing Data
		Developing Alternatives
		Selecting Alternatives
		Developing and Implementing a Plan
		Evaluating the Results
	Pitfalls of the Decision-Making Process
	Conclusion
	Discussion Questions
Chapter 12: Management by Objectives
	Learning Objectives
	Introduction
	The MBO System
	Community Values and Department Beliefs
	Mission
	Goals
	Objectives
	Projects
	Action Plans
	Evaluation
		Specify Measurable Objectives
		Formulate a Practical Evaluation Design
		Specify Data Collection Procedures
		Specify Data Reduction and Analysis Methods
	Implementation
		Establishment of Goals by Top Managers
		Establishment of Objectives for Each Goal by Middle Managers
		Selection of Objectives by Top Managers
		Objective Finalization by Middle Managers
		Overview of Projects for Each Objective Submitted by Middle Managers
		Development of Detailed Projects by Middle Managers
		Evaluation
	Additional Use of the MBO System
	Drawbacks
	Research on Management by Objectives in Policing
	Conclusion
	Discussion Questions
	References
		Further Reading
Chapter 13: Fiscal Management
	Learning Objectives
	Introduction
	Budgeting
	Purposes of Budgeting
	Incremental versus Zero-Based Budgeting
	Stages in the Budgeting Process
	Types of Budgets
	The Budgeting Process
	Unexpected Expenses
	Successful Budget Requests
	Grants
	Asset Forfeiture
	Conclusion
	Discussion Questions
	References
Part 4: Modern Police Management: Major Issues
Chapter 14: Use of Power
	Learning Objectives
	Introduction
	Types of Power
		Formal Power
		Informal Power
	Approaches to the Use of Power
		Control
		Manipulation
		Threat
		Referent
		Needling
		Coordination
	Reasons for the Use of Power
		Personal
		Social
		Survival
	Conclusion
	Discussion Questions
Chapter 15: Use of Force
	Learning Objectives
	Introduction
	Frequency of Use-of-Force Incidents
	Use-of-Force Law
	Deadly Force
	Non-deadly Force
	Use-of-Force Continuum
	Canines
	Fourth Amendment
	Identifying Problem Officers
	Use-of-Force Policy
	Conclusion
	Discussion Questions
	References
Chapter 16: Communication During High-Profile Crises
	Learning Objectives
	Introduction
	Advance Preparation
		Building Trust with the Public
		Building Trust with Agencies and Officials
		Building Trust with the Media
	Public Information Officers
	The PIO in a Crisis
	Releasing Information
		Press Conferences
		Interviews
		Press Releases
		Social Media
	Training All Officers to Interact with the Media
	Conclusion
	Discussion Questions
	References
Chapter 17: Civil Liability and Accreditation
	Learning Objectives
	Introduction
	Civil Rights Violations
	Negligence
	Avoiding Liability Through Selection and Training
		Recruitment
		Selection
		Psychological Evaluation
		Academy Training
		Field Training
		Probation
	The Protection Circle
	Training in the Future
		Origins of the National Accreditation Process
		Benefits of Accreditation
		Relationship to Liability
		Agency Participation
	The Accreditation Process
	Conclusion
	Questions
	References
Chapter 18: Ethics for the 21st Century
	Learning Objectives
	Introduction
	Ethical Systems
		Utilitarian Ethics
		Rule Ethics
		Social Contract Ethics
		Justice Ethics
		Personalistic Ethics
	Leadership and Ethics
		Utilitarian Ethics
		Rule Ethics
		Social Contract Ethics
		Justice Ethics
		Personalistic Ethics
	Managing Subordinates: Ethical Concerns
	Gratuities and Graft
		Gratuities
		Graft
	Duty Neglect
	Policy versus Example
	On-the-Job Ethical Considerations
	Conclusion
	Discussion Questions
	References
Chapter 19: The School Resource Officer Program: Establishing a Police Presence in Schools
	Learning Objectives
	Introduction
		Providing a Safe Learning Environment
		Building a Positive Relationship with Youths
		Community Relations Tool for the Agency
		Promote Crime Reduction Through Deterrence
		Protection from Civil Liability
	Implementation of the SRO Program
		Selling the Concept
		Funding
		Implementing the SRO Unit within the Agency
		Training the SRO
		Investigation of and Preparation for Critical Incidents
		Prevention
		Intervention
		Response Plan—\"Move to Contact\"
		Training SROs in \"Move to Contact\"
	Conclusion
	Discussion Questions
	References
Chapter 20: Assessment Center Process
	Learning Objectives
	Introduction
	Advantages of the Assessment Center
	Disadvantages of the Assessment Center
	Developing the Assessment Center
		Performing a Job Analysis
		Developing Dimensions
		Developing a Matrix and Exercises
		Developing Guidelines
		Developing Exercises
		Training
		Conducting the Center
		Ensuring Feedback
	Components of the Assessment Center
		Oral Interviews
		Leaderless Groups
		In-basket Problems
		Roleplay Situations
		Oral Presentations
		Written Plan
		Scheduling
	Rating Scales
		Numerical Scales
		Strengths and Weaknesses
		Composite Graphs
		Forced Choice
		Consensus
	Conclusion
	Discussion Questions
	References
Chapter 21: Managing Small Agencies and Agencies with Unique Jurisdictions
	Learning Objectives
	Introduction
	Managing Small Police Agencies
	Managing Rural Police Agencies
		Crime in Rural Areas
		Rural Law Enforcement Challenges
			Budgetary Limitations
			Staff Turnover
			Response Times
			Equipment Deficiencies
	College and University Campus Police Management
		Arming Officers
		Open-Carry and Concealed-Carry Firearms on Campuses
		Budgetary Constraints and Staffing Consistency
	Park Ranger Law Enforcement Challenges
		Crime in Parks and Recreation Areas
		Budgetary Limitations
		Transient Populations in Parks
	Conclusion
	Discussion Questions
	References
Index