The Oxford History of Hinduism: Hindu Practice

Cover
The Oxford History of Hinduism: Hindu Practice
Copyright
Contents
Acknowledgements
List of Contributors
The Oxford History of Hinduism: Introduction to the Series
	Introduction: A History of Hindu Practice
		1. Theories of Practice
		2. Vedic Sacrifice
		3. Hindu Pūjā
		4. Tantric Practice
		5. Yoga
		6. Devotion into Modernity
		References
Part I: Textual Sources
	Chapter 1: Ritual, Ascetic, and Meditative Practice in the Veda and Upaniṣads
		1. The Veda: Text, Textuality, and Practice
			1.1. Deliberation versus Action
			1.2. Textual Representation of Actual Practice
		2. Early Vedic Ritual
		3. Ascetics and Asceticism in Ṛgveda
		4. Visionary Composition versus Memory Performance
		5. Vedic Ritual and Magic Practices
		6. The Śrauta Sacrificial System as Ritual Practice
			6.1. The Agents of Ritual Practice
			6.2. Ritual Competence and Actual Practice
			6.3. The Structure, the Texture, the Performance
			6.4. Ritual Space and Ritual Time
			6.5. The Measure of Sacrifice
			6.6. The Purpose of Ritual
		7. The Vedic Ritualist and the Ascetic Renouncer
			7.1. Figures of Vedic Asceticism
			7.2. The Consecrated Ritualist (Dīkṣita)
			7.3. Ritual Practices in Search of Transformation and Transcendence
			7.4. Textual Practices of Study and Memorization
		8. Beyond the Ritual Veda
			8.1. Brahmayajña and the Five Great Sacrifices
			8.2. The Vidhāna Tradition
		9. The Upanisạds: Secret Teaching and Solitary Quest for Liberation
			9.1. From Collective to Individual
			9.2. New Developments in Belief and Practice
			9.3. Meditation and Yoga as Technologies of the Self
		10. The Afterlife of Vedic Ritual Practice
		Abbreviations
		References
	Chapter 2: Historical Context of Early Asceticism
		1. Asceticism in Greater Magadha
			1.1. Inactivity Asceticism
			1.2. Fatalism
			1.3. Insight into the True Nature of the Self
			1.4. A Modified Understanding of Karmic Retribution
		2. Brahmanical Asceticism
		3. The Meeting of the Two Traditions
			3.1. Changes from Within
			3.2. Changes from Without
		4. Asceticism and Power
		5. Asceticism and Human Nature
		References and Recommended Reading
	Chapter 3: Religious Practices in the Sanskrit Epics
		1. Sacrifice and Other Rituals
		2. Tapas (Asceticism)
		3. Specific Ascetic Practices
		4. Popular Religious Practices
		5. Yoga
		6. Bhakti
		7. Conclusion
		References
Part II: Histories of Practice
	Chapter 4: The Early History of Renunciation
		1. ‘Going Forth’: The Pravrajita
		2. Ascetic Organizations
		3. Origins of the Pravrajita
		4. Clash of Values: Vedic and Renunciatory Ideals
		5. Theology of Renunciation: Saṃnyāsa and Tyāga
		6. Institutionalization of Renunciation: The Āśrama System
		7. Texts on Renunciation
		8. Issues of Gender
		9. Conclusion
		Abbreviations
		References
	Chapter 5: The Later Institution of Renunciation
		1. Histories
		2. Structures
			2.1. Collectives and Individuals
		3. Materiality and Transcendence
		4. Places and Practices
			4.1. Wandering and Tapas
		5. The Contemporary Institution
		6. Conclusion: Into the Present
		References
	Chapter 6: Measuring Innovation: Genesis and Typology of Early Pūjā
		1. The Genesis of Pūjā Ritual
		2. Pūjā: Āryan or Non-Āryan?
		3. Pūjā in the Gṛhyapariśiṣtạs
		4. Pūjā in the Baudhāyanagṛhyaśeṣasūtra
		5. The Arrangement of the Ritual Space
		6. The Typology of Offering and Ritual Goals of Adoration
		References
	Chapter 7: Hatḥayoga’s Early History: From Vajrayāna Sexual Restraint to Universal Somatic Soteriology1
		1. Haṭhayoga in Buddhist Texts
		2. Śaiva Names for Haṭhayoga
			2.1. The Restraint of Ejaculation
			2.2. Physical Yoga Methods
		3. Haṭhayoga as Physical Yoga Broadly Conceived
		4. The Methods of Haṭhayoga
			4.1. Mudrā
			4.2. Āsana
			4.3. Kumbhaka
			4.4. Nādānusandhāna
		5. The Results of Success in Haṭhayoga
		References
			Primary Sources
			Secondary Sources
	Chapter 8: The Quest for Liberation-in-Life: A Survey of Early Works on Hatḥa- and Rājayoga
		1. Corpus of Early Hatḥa- and Rājayoga
			1.1. The Vivekamārtaṇḍa
			1.2. The Candrāvalokana
			1.3. The Yogatārāvalī
			1.4. The Amanaska (Second Chapter)
			1.5. The Gorakṣaśataka
			1.6. The Vasiṣtḥasaṃhitā and the Yogayājñavalkya
			1.7. The Amṛtasiddhi
			1.8. The Amaraughaprabodha
			1.9. The Dattātreyayogaśāstra
			1.10. The Yogabīja
			1.11. The Khecarīvidyā
			1.12. The Śivasaṃhitā
		2. General Remarks on the Early History of Rājayoga
		3. Rājayoga and Liberation-in-Life
		4. Rājayoga and Liberation in the Hatḥapradīpikā
		5. Concluding Remarks
		Acknowledgements
		References
			Primary Sources (in English Alphabetical Order)
			Secondary Sources
	Chapter 9: Practice in the Tantric Religion of Śiva
		1. Daily Ritual (Nitya-Karma)
		2. Occasional Ritual (Naimittika-Karma)
		3. Ritual for a Desired Purpose (Kāmya-Karma)
		4. Bhakti and Temple Worship
		5. Possession
		6. The Sādhaka and Transgression
		7. Śaiva Meditation
		8. Models of the Person
		References
			Primary Sources
			Secondary Sources and Translations
	Chapter 10: Vaisnava Practice
		1. Bhakti
		2. Vedic Sacrifice (Yajña)
		3. Image Worship (Arcana)
		4. Praise (Kīrtana)
		5. Meditation (Dhyāna, Smaraṇa)
		References
			Primary Sources
			Secondary Sources
	Chapter 11: Theatre as Religious Practice
		1. Practices
		2. Origins
		3. The Rites of Theatre
			3.1. The Rite as an Opportunity for Theatre: The Indradhvajamaha and the First Performance
			3.2. The Nāndī
			3.3. The Ran˙gadaivatapūjana and the Pūrvaran˙ga
				3.3.1. The Ran˙gadaivatapūjana, the ‘Cult of the Deities of the Stage’
				3.3.2. The Pūrvaran˙ga, the ‘Anterior Stage’
			3.4. The Bharatavākya
		4. The Analogy of Drama as Ritual
		5. Theatre, Aesthetic Emotion, and Spiritual Experience
			5.1. The Atharvaveda and the Myth of Origin of Rasa: The Work of the Actor
			5.2. The Spectator’s Experience
			5.3. Aesthetic Enjoyment, Savour of the Self, and Non-Dualist Kashmir Śaivism
		6. Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 12: Sounding Out the Divine: Musical Practice as Theology in Samāj Gāyan
		1. Music and Vaisṇạva Culture
		2. Ritual Sound in the Rādhāvallabh Sampradāy
		3. Accessing the Goddess Through Her Feet
		4. Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 13: Women’s Observances: Vratas
		1. Vrata in Historical Context
		2. What Constitutes a Vrata?
		3. Why Do Hindus Perform Vratas?
		References
Part III: Religious Practice and Politics in Modern Hinduism
	Chapter 14: Gandhi, Hinduism, and Humanity
		1. Caste and the Limits of Humanity
		2. From Conversion to Humanitarianism
		3. Outside the Species
		4. God Disposes
		References
	Chapter 15: Legal Yoga
		1. Yoga in Indian Public Schools
		2. Legal Yoga in the US: Religious and Not Religious
		3. Conclusion: Yoga, Diversity, and Secularism
		Acknowledgements
		References
		Websites
	Chapter 16: The Modern Spirit of Yoga: Idioms and Practices
		1. Introduction and Overview
		2. The Emergence of Modern Yoga
		3. The Idioms of Modern Yoga
		4. Methodological Pointers
		5. The Practices of Modern Yoga
			5.1. Postural Practice
			5.2. Literature Samples
			5.3. Other Modern Yoga Practices
			5.4. Utopian Projections and Social Engagement
		6. Concluding Remarks
		References
		Acknowledgements
	Chapter 17: Gurus in Contemporary Hindu Practice
		1. Teacher, Mediator, and Image of the Divine
		2. Consciousness and the Descent of Power
		3. The Overwhelming Love of the Blissful Mother
		4. The Master’s Human Behaviour and His Radiant Inner Form
		5. Gurus and Disciples in Practice
		References
	Index