The Origins of Money in the Iron Age Mediterranean World

Cover
Half-title
Title page
Copyright information
Contents
List of Figures
List of Maps
List of Tables
Preface
Acknowledgements
Author's Note
One Rethinking the Origins of Money
	1.1 Argonauts
	1.2 The Early History of Money
		1.2.1 The Rise of Money in the Iron Age Eastern Mediterranean
		1.2.2 The Relevance of Early Money
		1.2.3 In Search of the Origins of Money
	1.3 A Brief Outline
Two Outline of an Approach to Money
	2.1 Towards a Definition of Money
	2.2 A Dichotomy in Understanding Money
		2.2.1 Spheres of Exchange
		2.2.2 A Social Understanding of Money
		2.2.3 'Human Economies Exist in the Cracks of Capitalist Societies'
		2.2.4 Money and the State
	2.3 Heads or Tails
		2.3.1 Token and Commodity: Metal Objects in the Iron Age
		2.3.2 Token and Commodity: An Inherent Opposition?
	2.4 Conclusion
Three A Study of Iron Age Precious Metal Hoards
	3.1 Introduction: Precious Metal Hoards
		3.1.1 Hoards As a Historical Phenomenon
		3.1.2 Towards a New Approach
	3.2 Material and Method
		3.2.1 A Corpus of Hoards
		3.2.2 Methods and Issues: Context
		3.2.3 Methods and Issues: Metrology
		3.2.4 Methods and Issues: Typology
	3.3 Analysis
		3.3.1 Context
		3.3.2 Metrology
		3.3.3 Typology
	3.4 Towards an Understanding of the Hoards
		3.4.1 Silver and Money in the Iron Age
		3.4.2 Social Aspects of Early Money-Use
	3.5 Conclusion
Four Money in the Iron Age Southern Levant
	4.1 Silver Money in a Changing World (the End of the Late Bronze Age)
		4.1.1 Introduction
		4.1.2 Silver and Money in Late Bronze Age Ugarit
		4.1.3 The End of the Late Bronze Age
		4.1.4 The Report of Wenamun
	4.2 Silver Money in the Iron IIA-B
		4.2.1 Money in the Biblical Record
		4.2.2 States and Tributes
		4.2.3 A Fiscal Policy in the Temple
	4.3 Money and the Economy in the Late Iron Age
		4.3.1 Under Assyrian Rule
		4.3.2 Resetting Silver Money at the End of the Iron IIC
	4.4 Conclusion
Five Money in the Iron Age Aegean
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Deposition and Dedication
		5.2.1 Money As Prestige Item
		5.2.2 Money As Sacred Payment
	5.3 Compensations and Fines
		5.3.1 Exchange in the Homeric Economy
		5.3.2 Wergeld in Homer
		5.3.3 Money in Early Law
	5.4 Precious Metal in the Aegean
		5.4.1 Euboian Pioneers
		5.4.2 Second Colonisation Wave in the Northern Aegean
		5.4.3 A Mediterranean Market for Aegean Silver
		5.4.4 Silver Money in Aegean Trade
	5.5 Conclusion
Six Conclusion
	6.1 How Money Comes into Being
		6.1.1 Value through Distance
		6.1.2 From Object to (Hoarded) Material
		6.1.3 State Institutions
	6.2 Connecting Money to Change in Archaic Society
		6.2.1 Money and Writing
		6.2.2 Money and the Military
		6.2.3 Money and Coinage
Appendix A Catalogue of Iron Age Precious Metal Hoards in Israel/Palestine
	Introduction
	1 Abel Beth Maacah
	2 Akko
	3 Arad
	4 Ashkelon
	5 Beth Shean A
	6 Beth Shean B
	7 Beth Shean C
	8 Beth Shean D
	9 Tel Dor
	10 Ein Gedi
	11 Ein Hofez
	12 Eshtemoa
	13 Gezer A
	14 Gezer B
	15 Gezer C
	16 Tell Jemmeh
	17 Tell Keisan
	18 Megiddo A
	19 Megiddo B
	20 Megiddo C
	21 Megiddo D
		Tel Miqne/Ekron
	22 Tel Miqne/Ekron A
	23 Tel Miqne/Ekron B
	24 Tel Miqne/Ekron C
	25 Tel Miqne/Ekron D
	26 Tel Miqne/Ekron E
	27 Tel Miqne/Ekron F
	28 Shechem A
	29 Shechem B
	30 Tawilan
	31 Timna
	32 Wadi el-Makkuk
	33 Eretria, Greece
Bibliography
Index of Ancient Sources
General Index