The Mystery of Dark Matter In Search of the Invisible

Foreword
Contents
1 Introduction
2 The Art of Weighing a Star
	2.1	Mass Determination in the Cosmic Front Yard - The Solar System
	2.2	Mass Determinations in the Galaxy
		Visual Binary Stars
	2.3	Your Type Reveals Your Weight
		The Mass–luminosity Relationship
		The Spectral Types of Stars
		Summary
	References
3 The First Signs of a Big Problem
	3.1	Early Signs in the Milky Way
		The virial theorem - masses by star distributions
	3.2	Early Signs in Galaxy Clusters
		Distance Measurements Beyond the Boundaries of Our Galaxy
		The Cepheid Method
		The Redshift of the Spectra
		Zwicky and the Coma Cluster of Galaxies
		Summary
	References
4 A Problem Manifests Itself
	4.1	Rotation Curves of Spiral Galaxies
	4.2	An Excursion Into X-ray Astronomy
		The Intracluster Medium - Radiant Indicator of Dark Matter
	4.3	The Gravitational Lensing Effect
		Summary
	References
5 How Dark Matter Dominates our Model of Structure Formation in the Universe
	5.1	 Small Difference with Maximum Consequences - Cosmic Background Radiation
		What Exactly is Observed in the Cosmic Microwave Background?
	5.2	Mapping with Light
		Type Ia Supernovae and Dark Energy
	5.3	The Various “Body Mass Indices” of the Universe
		A Map of the Universe
	5.4	A Universe in the Computer
		Problems in the Simulations
	5.5	Is It Possible Without Dark Matter?
		Summary
	References
6 The Beginning of a Great Search
	6.1	Physical Profile of Dark Matter
	6.2	The Search for the MACHOs
	6.3	Orphaned Stars in the Depths of Space
	6.4	The Search in the Standard Model of Particle Physics
		A Mini Introduction to the Standard Model of Particle Physics
		Once a Hot Candidate - The Neutrino
		The Power of the Conservation Laws
		Neutrino Sources in the Cosmos
		Neutrinos as Dark Matter
	6.5	Dark Matter Beyond the Standard Model
		The idea of Supersymmetry and the Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP)
		The Spin of Elementary Particles
		What is a WIMP and Why is it an Ideal Candidate for Dark Matter?
		The Axion
		The Sterile Neutrino
		Summary
	References
7 What is hidden under the Cap of Hades
	7.1	The Indirect Search for Dark Matter
		The Positron Excess—A Signal from Dark Matter?
		Gamma Radiation from the Center of our Galaxy Through WIMPs?
		Do Neutrino Observatories See Dark Matter?
	7.2	The Direct Search for Dark Matter
		Many Experiments—One Goal
		Darkness that Warms
		The CRESST Experiment
		The Four Seasons of WIMP Detection
		The CoGeNT Experiment
		Is the WIMP and thus Dark Matter Now Discovered?
		Dark matter in the Particle Accelerator
		Summary
	References
8 Concluding Remarks
	References
Index