The Multivillage-Metropolis Baton Rouge: A Neopragmatic Landscape Approach

Acknowledgements
Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
List of Textboxes
1 Introduction: Of Biographical Approaches, Neopragmatisms, Urban–Rural Hybrids and… ‘Why the Hell Baton Rouge?’
2 Theoretical Framework and Methodological Approach
	2.1	Developments in Landscape Research - A Brief Outline of Where We Stand Today
	2.2	Basic Theoretical Positions of the Work - The Neopragmatic Framework
	2.3	Neopragmatic Urban Landscape Biography Research
	2.4	The Conception of the Present Work as a ‘Neopragmatic Landscape Biography’
	2.5	Neopragmatic Methodological Approach
3 Complex Impacts on Baton Rouge: Supraregional Development Contexts and Impulses
	3.1	Modern Urban Development: Suburbanization and De-Urbanization
	3.2	Postmodern Housing Developments: From Grids to Urban–Rural Hybrids, Spatial Pastiches, and Urbanizing Former Suburbs (URFSURBS)
4 The Regional Contextualization: Main Features of Louisiana\'s Development
	4.1	The Context of the Natural Initial Substrates: Physical and Spatial Foundations
	4.2	Historical Contextualization: Major Lines of Development in Louisiana
	4.3	Current Spatial Contextualizations: The Regional Procedural and Structural Integration of Baton Rouge
5 Historical Aspects of the Urban-Rural Hybrid Landscape Biography of Baton Rouge
	5.1	Moderate Settlement Formation: Baton Rouge Prior to The Annexation with the United States
	5.2	The Gradually Developing Southern State City: Baton Rouge from its Integration into the United States to the Establishment of the Petrochemical Industry
	5.3	The Phase of Forced Industrialization: Baton Rouge and the Oil and Petrochemical Industries
	5.4	The Moderate Post-Modernization: Baton Rouge’s Diversified Developments
	5.5	Baton Rouge Today: (Spatial) Statistical Approximations
	5.6	Historical Aspects of the Urban-Rural Hybrid Landscape Biography of Baton Rouge – An Interim Conclusion on the ‘Tripole City’
6 Compartments of Development in the Spatial Pastiche of Baton Rouge
	6.1	The Spatial Structure of the Downtown Area and Its Spatial Links
		6.1.1	Downtown Development in the Second Half of the Twentieth Century and the Beginning of the 21st
		6.1.2	Administrative Efforts to Strengthen the Downtown
		6.1.3	Downtown Developments Today
	6.2	From the Janus Face of Accelerated Industrialization: Oil and Petrochemical Industry in and Around Baton Rouge
	6.3	The Centers of Academic Life: Louisiana State University and Southern University
	6.4	The Distribution of Physical-Spatial Indicators of the Unequal Distribution of Symbolic Capital and Life Chances in Baton Rouge
		6.4.1	Cultural Hybridization
		6.4.2	Geographies of Consumption Depending on the Availability of Symbolic Capital
		6.4.3	Education
		6.4.4	The Distribution of Physical and Spatial Indicators of the Unequal Distribution of Symbolic Capital and Life Chances - A Conclusion
	6.5	The White Suburbs’ Uprising: The Incorporation Efforts Around St. George
	6.6	Walkability
		6.6.1	The Traffic Framework of Walkability
		6.6.2	Walkability - Criteria and Procedure
		6.6.3	Florida Street/Boulevard
		6.6.4	Government Street
		6.6.5	Plank Road
		6.6.6	Siegen Lane
		6.6.7	Summary Walkability
	6.7	Strangers Fields - Phenomenological Walks in Florida Street/Boulevard, Government Street and Plank Road
		6.7.1	Florida Boulevard/Florida Street: On the Hybridity of Past and Present and its Reflection in Uselessness-Low Use Hybrids
		6.7.2	Government Street: On Revitalization and Land Use Cycles
		6.7.3	Plank Road - of High Potential and the Difficulties of Alternative Interpretations
		6.7.4	Florida Street/Blvd. and Government Street as Complementary Inverse Urban Landscapes, Plank Road – The ‘Mostly-Out-of-Order-But-With-High-Potential’ Road
	6.8	Evolutionary Compartments in the Baton Rouge Spatial Pastiche - An Interim Conclusion
7 Baton Rouge and Mass Media: Of Descriptions, Interpretations and Stagings
	7.1	Descriptions, Interpretations, and Staging on Internet Homepages Based on a Google Keyword Search
	7.2	The Visualization of Baton Rouge: Internet Images and Videos
		7.2.1	Baton Rouge in Internet Images
			7.2.2	Baton Rouge in Internet videos
	7.3	The Tourist Representation of Baton Rouge: Tripadvisor
	7.4	Artistic Approach to Baton Rouge - Baton Rouge in Song
	7.5	The Spamification of Public Space and its Satirical Social Media Representation
	7.6	The National Representation of Baton Rouge Using the New York Times as an Example
	7.7	Baton Rouge and Mass Media: of Descriptions, Interpretations, and Stagings - an Interim Conclusion
8 Baton Rouge as a Living Environment
	8.1	Everyday Life in Baton Rouge
		8.1.1	Baton Rouge as the Center of Life – the ‘Big City Small Town’
		8.1.2	The View from Outside – ‘Baton… What?’
		8.1.3	Searching for the Center
		8.1.4	Petrochemical-Industrial Imprinting as ‘Pact with the Devil’
		8.1.5	The Public School System as a Forcing for and Manifestation of Social, Ethnic, and Spatial Segregation Processes
		8.1.6	‘Crime is not a Baton Rouge-Specific Phenomenon, but a US-Wide One ‘
		8.1.7	Disinvestment in Infrastructure, Existing Building Stock and Acceptance of the Housing Conditions of Less Privileged Sections of the Population
		8.1.8	The Mississippi River as a ‘Physical and Psychological Barrier’
		8.1.9	Special Places of the Interviewees: Of Co-Existences of Stereotypical Visual Expectations and Postmodern Aesthetics of Decay
	8.2	The Ethnic, Social, and Spatial Division of the City
		8.2.1	Conceptions, Anxieties, and Passed Down Narratives
		8.2.2	The Elephant in the Living Room: Racism and Persistencies in the Everyday World
		8.2.3	Incorporation of the City of St. George as ‘Highlighting Something that Everyone Already Saw Before’
	8.3	Wishing for Baton Rouge\'s Future
		8.3.1	Of Baton Rouge\'s Potentials or Rather the Ignoration of Them
		8.3.2	Restrictions – Mindsettings and the Resistance of the Status Quo
		8.3.3	Desirable Prospects – Baton Rouge as ‘a City that Dreams Bigger’
	8.4	Baton Rouge as Living Environment: “The Rice Pudding with the Sugar-Sweet Raisins in It” – An Interim Conclusion on the ‘Multivillage-Metropolis’
9 Conclusions - of Developments, Reflections, and Perspectives on the ‘Multivillage-Metropolis’
	9.1	Conclusion I: Developments and Interpretations in and of Baton Rouge
	9.2	Conclusion II: Reflections on the Neopragmatic Approach and the Concept of ‘Urban–Rural Landscape Biographies’
	9.3	Conclusion III: The View from Outside - High Potential Multivillage-Metropolis
10 Post Scriptum: The Baton Rouge Style
	10.1	Infrastructure Baton Rouge Style
	10.2	All Around Driving: Baton Rouge Style
	10.3	Room Development and Planning Baton Rouge Style
	10.4	Social and Economic Life: Baton Rouge Style
11 Annex
	11.1	Google Results
	11.2	Internet Videos
	11.3	Baton Rouge in a Song
	11.4	Articles, New York Times (NYT)
	11.5	Interview Guide
Correction to: Baton Rouge as a Living Environment
	Correction to: Chapter 8 in: O. Kühne and C. Jenal, The Multivillage-Metropolis Baton Rouge, RaumFragen: Stadt – Region – Landschaft, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-30716-5_8
Bibliography