The Moral and Religious Thought of Yi Hwang (Toegye): A Study of Korean Neo-Confucian Ethics and Spirituality

Preface
Acknowledgments
Note on Transliteration, Translation, and Citation Style
Contents
About the Author
Abbreviations
Chapter 1: Introduction: Toegye’s Life and Scholarship
	1 Toegye’s Reputation: Korean and International
	2 Toegye’s Life and Scholarship
	References
		Abbreviations
		Primary Sources: Yi Toegye’s Works
		Other Primary Texts (Including Translations)
		Secondary Sources: Anthologies, Modern Works, and Comparative Studies
Chapter 2: True Learning
	1 True Confucian Learning
	2 Rejecting Buddhism and Daoism
	3 Opposing Wang Yangming
	4 Conclusion
	References
		Abbreviations
		Primary Sources: Yi Toegye’s Works
		Other Primary Texts (Including Translations)
		Secondary Sources: Anthologies, Modern Works, and Comparative Studies
Chapter 3: A Philosophy of Principle: Heaven’s Principle as the Transcendent
	1 The Moral and Spiritual Significance of Principle (I/Li)
	2 Heaven’s Principle as the Transcendent
	3 Conclusion
	References
		Abbreviations
		Primary Sources: Yi Toegye’s Works
		Other Primary Texts (Including Translations):
		Secondary Sources: Anthologies, Modern Works, and Comparative Studies
Chapter 4: The Four-Seven Debate on Emotions: Moral-Spiritual Meaning and Implication
	1 Introduction: Historical Background
	2 Four Beginnings and Seven Emotions: Different Origins and Meanings
	3 Moral-Spiritual Implications for Self-Cultivation
	4 Conclusion
	References
		Abbreviations
		Primary Sources: Yi Toegye’s Works
		Other Primary Texts (Including Translations)
		Secondary Sources: Anthologies, Modern Works, and Comparative Studies
Chapter 5: Sagehood and Confucian Spirituality
	1 Sagehood
	2 Sagely Learning and Spiritual Practice
	3 Conclusion
	References
		Abbreviations
		Primary Sources: Yi Toegye’s Works
		Other Primary Texts (Including Translations)
		Secondary Sources: Anthologies, Modern Works, and Comparative Studies
Chapter 6: Self-reflection, Reverence (Gyeong), and Mind Cultivation (Simhak)
	1 Self-Reflective Contemplation and Concentration
	2 Reverence (Gyeong) and Mind Cultivation (Simhak)
	3 Conclusion
	References
		Abbreviations
		Primary Sources: Yi Toegye’s Works
		Other Primary Texts (Including Translations)
		Secondary Sources: Anthologies, Modern Works, and Comparative Studies
Chapter 7: Toegye’s Love and Spirituality of Nature: Toward a Modern Confucian Ecology
	1 Confucianism and Ecology: Preliminary Reflections
	2 Toegye and Confucian Ecological Spirituality
		2.1 Self-Cultivation in Harmony with Nature
		2.2 Reverence and Nature
		2.3 Toegye’s Nature Poetry and Ecological Spirituality
	3 Conclusion: Toward a Green Confucianism
	References
		Abbreviations
		Primary Sources: Yi Toegye’s Works
		Other Primary Texts (Including Translations)
		Secondary Sources: Anthologies, Modern Works, and Comparative Studies
Chapter 8: Transcend the Problem of Evil: A Neo-Confucian and Comparative Interpretation
	1 Confucianism and Toegye on the Origin of Evil
	2 Transcend the Problem of Evil
	3 Conclusion: Neo-Confucian and Interreligious Perspectives
	References
		Abbreviations
		Primary Sources: Yi Toegye’s Works
		Other Primary Texts (Including Translations):
		Secondary Sources: Anthologies, Modern Works, and Comparative Studies
Chapter 9: Self-transcendence as the Ultimate Reality: A Neo-Confucian and Interreligious Dialogue
	1 Interreligious Dialogue and Confucianism
	2 Toegye on Self-transcendence as the Ultimate Reality
	3 A Neo-Confucian and Interreligious Dialogue
	4 Conclusion
	References
		Abbreviations
		Primary Sources: Yi Toegye’s Works
		Other Primary Texts (Including Translations)
		Secondary Sources: Anthologies, Modern Works, and Comparative Studies
Chapter 10: Conclusion: The Modern Relevance and Significance of Toegye’s Thought
	References
Glossary of Key Terms, Titles, and Names
Index