The Montenegrin Adriatic Coast: Marine Biology (The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, 109)

Series Preface
Foreword
Contents
Introduction
	1 Introduction
	2 Paleohistory
	3 Sediments
	4 Salinity
	5 Temperature
	6 Water Structure and Dynamics
	7 Flora and Fauna
	8 Conclusion
	References
Physical-Geographical Characteristics of the Coast of Montenegro
	1 Introduction
	2 Geotectonic Relations with a Lithological Basis
		2.1 The Adriatic Zone
		2.2 The Zone of Paraautochthonous and Coastal Flysch
		2.3 Budva-Cukali Cover
		2.4 The Deep Karst Zone
	3 Mountains
		3.1 Orjen
		3.2 Lovćen
		3.3 Sutorman
		3.4 Rumija
	4 Extensions
		4.1 Sutorina
		4.2 Grbaljsko Field
		4.3 Mrkovsko Field
		4.4 Ulcinjsko Field
		4.5 Buljarica
		4.6 Spičansko Field
		4.7 Barsko Field
		4.8 Goransko Field
	5 The Bay of Kotor
	6 The Bay of Traste
	References
Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Picoplankton Community in the Central and Southern Adriatic Sea
	1 Introduction
	2 Investigated Area: The Adriatic Sea
		2.1 Autotrophic Picoplankton
		2.2 Heterotrophic Bacteria and Aerobic Anoxygenic Phototrophs
		2.3 Biomass Distribution from the Coast Towards the Open Sea
	3 Ecological Factors Affecting the Picoplankton Community
		3.1 Salinity
		3.2 Nutrients
		3.3 Water Mass Movement
		3.4 Predation
		3.5 Temperature
	4 Anthropogenic Pollutants
	5 Conclusions
	References
Dynamics of Prokaryotic Community in the Montenegrin Part of the South Adriatic Sea
	1 Introduction
	2 Abundance of Heterotrophic Bacteria
	3 Contribution of HNA and LNA Bacteria in Heterotrophic Bacteria Community
	4 Abundance of Prochlorococcus
	5 Heterotrophic Nanoflagellates and Regulation Mechanisms in the Prokaryotic Community
	6 Conclusions
	References
Distribution of Phytoplankton in Montenegrin Open Waters
	1 Introduction
	2 Phytoplankton Dynamics in the Offshore Area of the South Adriatic Sea
	3 Phytoplankton Distribution in the Open Sea Area of Montenegro
		3.1 Diatoms
		3.2 Dinoflagellates
		3.3 Coccolithophores
		3.4 Silicoflagellates
		3.5 Other Groups
	4 Conclusion
	References
Zooplankton in Montenegrin Adriatic Offshore Waters
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Methods
	3 Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Total Zooplankton Abundance
	4 Diversity of Zooplankton Taxa
	5 Conclusion
	Appendix
	References
Summer Assemblage of Ichthyoplankton in South-Eastern Adriatic Sea
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Spatial Distribution and Abundance of Ichthyoplankton
		3.2 Hydrography
			3.2.1 Temperature and Salinity at 5 m Depth
			3.2.2 Temperature and Salinity at 20 m Depth
			3.2.3 Average Values of Temperature and Salinity in the Water Column from 0 to 20 m Depth
	4 Conclusions
	5 Influence of Pollution on the Early Life Stages of Fishes
	References
Macrozoobenthic Species as a Part of the Benthic Communities Along the Montenegrin Adriatic Coast
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Threats to Zoobenthic Diversity and Protection
	5 Conclusions
	Appendix
	References
Recruitment and Growth of the Fan Mussel Pinna nobilis in the Montenegrin Adriatic Coast and Comparison with the Western Medit...
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 The Study Areas
			2.1.1 The Boka Kotorska Bay, Montenegro
			2.1.2 The Embiez Archipelago, France
		2.2 Larvae Collection
		2.3 Monitoring of Recruit´s Growth
			2.3.1 Monitoring of Environmental Parameters
		2.4 Statistical Analyses
	3 Results
		3.1 Production of the Sites
			3.1.1 Recruitment in the Boka Kotorska Bay, Montenegro
			3.1.2 Recruitment in the Embiez Archipelago, France
		3.2 Growth of Recruits
			3.2.1 Growth of P. nobilis Recruits in the Boka Kotorska Bay, Montenegro
				Environmental Parameters
			3.2.2 Growth of P. nobilis Recruits in the Embiez Archipelago, France
			3.2.3 Growth Rate Comparison Between the Sites in the Boka Kotorska Bay, Montenegro and the Embiez Archipelago, France
	4 Discussion
	5 Impact of Anthropogenic Pressure and Marine Pollution on Development of P. nobilis in Montenegrin Adriatic Coast
	References
A Checklist of the Benthic Marine Macroalgae in Montenegrin Coastal Waters
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Taxa Excludenda
			3.1.1 Cystoseira sauvageuana Hamel
			3.1.2 Cystoseira tamariscifolia (Hudson) Papenfuss
		3.2 Alien Species
	4 Threats
	5 Conclusion
	References
Marine Habitats of Special Importance Along the Montenegrin Coast
	1 Introduction
	2 Posidonia oceanica Meadows
	3 Coralligenous Assemblages
	4 Marine Caves
	5 Vulnerability and Threats
	6 Conclusions
	References
Marine Fisheries in Montenegro: History, Tradition, and Current State
	1 Introduction
	2 History and Tradition
	3 Current State of Montenegrin Fishery
	References
Distribution of Certain Commercially Important Species in Small-Scale Fisheries Along the Montenegrin Coast
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Study Area
	2 Material and Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Gillnets
		3.2 Trammel Nets
	4 The ``Ghost Fishing´´ Problem and Fixed Nets
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
``HVAR´´ Expedition (1948-1949) in South-Eastern Adriatic (Croatia, Montenegro, Albania)
	1 Introduction
		1.1 A Brief Outline of Historical Research of the Adriatic Sea
		1.2 The ``HVAR´´ Expedition
	2 Material and Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Marine Litter Issue
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Review of Studies on Set Gear Selectivity in the Adriatic Sea
	1 Introduction
	2 Gillnet
		2.1 Target Species
		2.2 Selectivity
	3 Trammel Net
		3.1 Target Species
		3.2 Selectivity
	4 Pots and Traps
		4.1 Target Species
		4.2 Selectivity
	5 Marine Pollution Related to Set Nets
	6 Conclusion
	References
Cartilaginous Fish of the Eastern Adriatic Sea: A Review of the Records from the Past Decade (2010-2019)
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Study Area
	4 Results
	5 Discussion
	References
Occurrence and Distribution of Crustacean Decapoda Species in Montenegrin Territorial Waters with Special Attention to the Mos...
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Study Area
		1.2 Historic Review
	2 Material and Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 List of Species
	4 Discussion
	References
The Relevance of the Implementation of AZA According to the Principles and Standards of GFCM Guidelines in the Site Selection ...
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Methods
		2.1 Study Area
		2.2 Methodology
	3 Results
		3.1 Environmental Study
			3.1.1 Microbiological Analyses
			3.1.2 Phytoplankton
			3.1.3 Diversity of Benthic Communities (Phyto and Zoobenthos)
			3.1.4 Rose Location
			3.1.5 Dobreč Location
			3.1.6 Mirista Locality
		3.2 Hydrodynamics of Water Masses
			3.2.1 Analysis of the Movement of Surface Sea Currents
			3.2.2 Bathymetry
			3.2.3 Tides
		3.3 Analysis of Heavy Metals in Sediment
		3.4 Sedimentological Analyses: Granulometric Composition of Sediment
		3.5 Qualitative and Quantitative Composition of Ichthyoplankton
		3.6 Traditional Fishing Zones
		3.7 Analyses of Basic Data
			3.7.1 Infrastructure
			3.7.2 Archeological Sites
			3.7.3 Water Supply, Sewerage and Energy
			3.7.4 Marine Transport Route
			3.7.5 Access to Ports and Airports
			3.7.6 Potential Conflicts with Future Marine Protected Areas
	4 Proposal of New Locations for Mariculture
		4.1 Breeding Technology
		4.2 Estimation of Production Capacity at the Rose Location
		4.3 Estimation of Production Capacity at the Dobreč Locality
	5 Conclusions
	References
Biological Resources of South Adriatic Aquatorium and Coastal Zone of Montenegro: Human Impact and Possibilities for Sustainab...
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Biodiversity
		1.2 Benefits of Biodiversity
		1.3 The Major Causes of Biodiversity Loss and Species Extinction
		1.4 Sustainable Development
		1.5 Biodiversity and Biological Resources as a Key Factor for Sustainable Development
		1.6 Montenegro as Ecological State
	2 The Main Geographical Characteristic of Coastal Zone of Montenegro and South Adriatic Aquatorium
	3 The Main Characteristic of the Biodiversity of Montenegro
	4 Review of the Basic Types of Ecosystems of the Mediterranean Part of Montenegro: Threat and Degree of Human Impact, Possibil...
		4.1 Biological Resources of Marine Ecosystems
			4.1.1 Biological Resources of Pelagic Species
			4.1.2 Biological Resources of Benthic (Demersal) Species
			4.1.3 Biological Resources of Small-Scale Fisheries
			4.1.4 Biological Resources of Marine Aquaculture
		4.2 Biological Resources of Freshwater Ecosystems
			4.2.1 Biological Resources of Eutrophic Lakes - Skadar Lake
			4.2.2 Biological Resources of Rivers
		4.3 Biological Resources of Terrestrial Ecosystems
			4.3.1 Biological Resources of Coastal Zone (Sand and/or Pebble Coastlines)
			4.3.2 Biological Resources of Salt Marshes, Swards, and Mud Flats of Coastal Zones
			4.3.3 Biological Resources of Forest and Scrub Ecosystems
				Biological Resources of Sclerophylls´ Evergreen Mediterranean Forests and Scrubs
				Biological Resources of Mediterranean Forests of Aleppo Pine and Stone Pine
				Biological Resources of Mediterranean Evergreen Scrub Vegetation
				Biological Resources of Sub-Mediterranean Deciduous Forest and Scrub Ecosystems
				Biological Resources of Secondary Ecosystems of Sub-Mediterranean Scrubs and Limestone Grounds
				Biological Resources of Upper Timber Line of Outer (Maritime) Chain of Dinaric Alps - Oro-Mediterranean Mountains
		4.4 Genetic Resources of Wild Flora and Fauna
	5 Conclusions
	References
Sea Turtles in Montenegrin Adriatic Coastal Waters
	1 Introduction
	2 Sea Turtles in the Adriatic Sea
	3 Material and Methods
	4 The Leatherback Turtle: Dermochelys coriacea (Vandelii, 1761)
	5 The Green Turtle: Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus, 1758)
	6 The Loggerhead Turtle: Caretta caretta (Linnaeus, 1758)
	7 Dangers to Sea Turtles in Montenegrin Waters
	8 Pollution as a Threat to Sea Turtles
	9 The Sea Turtle Rescue Centre in Montenegro
	10 Conclusions
	Appendix: Sea Turtle Findings in Montenegrin Waters According to the Literature and New Data (N - Number of Individuals)
	References
Ambient Noise from Seismic Surveys in the Southern Adriatic Sea
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Seismic Surveys
		2.2 Acoustic Analysis
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	References
Photo-Identification of Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Montenegrin Waters
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Survey Effort and Encounter Rate
		3.2 Group Composition and Abundance
		3.3 Behaviour
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Non-indigenous Benthic Species Along the Montenegrin Coast
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Non-indigenous Species as a Measure of Biopollution
	5 Conclusions
	References
Invasive Marine Species in Montenegro Sea Waters
	1 Introduction
	2 Allochthonous Species in Montenegro and Local Ecological Knowledge
	3 Records of Allochthonous Fish and Crustacean Species in Montenegro
	4 Discussion
	References
Rare and Endangered Fish Species in the Adriatic Sea
	1 Introduction
	2 Fish Evolution
	3 Pressures and Threats to Fish Species in the Adriatic Sea
	4 List of Rare and Endangered Fish Species in the Adriatic Sea
	5 Protection Measures
	6 Conclusions and Recommendations
	References
Organization of the Center for Adriatic Biodiversity Conservation: ``Aquarium Boka´´ in Institute of Marine Biology, Kotor, Mo...
	1 Background
	2 Concept Design
	3 Setting-up
	4 Public Outreach and Flagship Species
	5 Mission, Services, and Goals
	6 Rescue Center
	7 Conclusion
	References
Conclusion
	References