The Miniature Guide to Critical Thinking Concepts and Tools 8th Edition

About the Authors......Page 5
Contents......Page 6
Introduction......Page 8
Why Critical Thinking?......Page 10
Stages of Critical Thinking Development......Page 11
A Substantive Approach to Critical Thinking......Page 12
Critical Thinkers Routinely Apply Intellectual Standards to the Elements of Reasoning......Page 13
Three Types of Character......Page 14
The Elements of Thought......Page 15
Questions Using the Elements of Thought......Page 16
A Checklist for Reasoning......Page 17
The Figuring Mind......Page 19
Universal Intellectual Standards......Page 20
Some Essential Intellectual Standards for All Human Thought......Page 22
Where Do Intellectual Standards Come From?......Page 23
Intellectual Virtues of the Fairminded Critical Thinker......Page 24
Essential Intellectual Traits......Page 25
How Intellectual Virtues Are Interrelated......Page 28
The Spirit of Critical Thinking......Page 29
Template for Analyzing the Logic of an Article......Page 30
Criteria for Evaluating Reasoning......Page 31
A Template for Problem-Solving......Page 32
Analyzing and Assessing Research......Page 33
Three Kinds of Questions......Page 35
Three Levels of Thought......Page 37
The Human Mind Is Frequently Irrational While Having the Capacity for Rational Thought......Page 38
Humans Often Distort Reality Through Irrational Lenses......Page 39
The Problem of Egocentric Thinking......Page 40
Feelings That Accompany Egocentrism......Page 41
The Problem of Sociocentric Thinking......Page 42
Primary Forms of Sociocentric Thought......Page 43
Unethical Pursuit of Group Agendas......Page 45
Envisioning Critical Societies......Page 46
20 Barriers to Critical Societies......Page 47