The Magnetic Field of the Earth's Lithosphere: The Satellite Perspective

Cover......Page 1
Frontmatter......Page 2
Contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 14
1.0 Introduction......Page 18
1.1 The Magnetic Field from the Lithosphere of the Earth......Page 22
1.2 Introduction to Anomaly Maps......Page 26
1.3 General Characteristics of Satellite Data......Page 30
2.0 Introduction......Page 35
2.1 The Field from the Earth\'s Core......Page 37
2.2 The Field from Sources External to the Earth......Page 43
2.3 The Measured Field at Satellite Altitude......Page 54
3.0 Introduction to Satellite Data......Page 57
3.1 Magnetometers......Page 58
3.2 Error Sources......Page 59
3.3 Satellites Measuring the Near-Earth Magnetic Field......Page 63
3.4 Satellites Contributing to Lithospheric Magnetic Field Studies......Page 65
3.5 Data-Processing Issues......Page 68
4.0 Long-Wavelength Magnetic Anomalies......Page 73
4.1 Notation and Procedure......Page 75
4.2 Selection of Quiet Data......Page 76
4.3 Isolation from the Main Field......Page 78
4.4 Analysis of Long-Wavelength Trends......Page 87
4.5 Wavelength Domain Estimation for the Common Signal in Multiple Sources......Page 94
4.6 Analytics of Lithospheric and Ionospheric Fields......Page 104
4.7 Models of the Equatorial Electrojet from Magsat Data......Page 114
4.8 A High-Latitude Disturbance Model......Page 121
4.10 A Recommended Procedure......Page 125
5.0 Overview......Page 128
5.1 The Fundamental Inversion Problem......Page 130
5.2 Basics of Estimation......Page 141
5.3 Local Models......Page 146
5.4 Global Models......Page 156
5.5 Dealing with Instability: Principal-Component Analysis......Page 161
5.6 Dealing with Instability: Minimum-Norm Solutions......Page 167
5.7 An Estimate of the Potential Function and Susceptibility......Page 183
5.8 The Usefulness of Vector Data......Page 188
5.9 Summary......Page 191
Appendix 5.1: Calculation of Derivatives of the Trace of Matrix Products......Page 192
Appendix 5.2: Vector and Hilbert Spaces......Page 193
Appendix 5.3: Calculation of Elements of the Gram Matrix [LOGICAL AND]......Page 196
6.0 Introduction......Page 201
6.1 Tabulation of Published Maps......Page 202
6.2 Scalar Maps at Low and Middle Latitudes......Page 216
6.3 Vector Maps at Low and Middle Latitudes......Page 225
6.4 Maps of the Polar Regions......Page 232
6.5 Comparisons Between Maps......Page 240
6.6 Comparisons of Satellite and Surface Surveys......Page 250
6.7 Global Interpretive Maps......Page 260
6.8 Regional Maps......Page 261
6.9 Summary and Recommendations......Page 265
7.0 Introduction......Page 267
7.1 Sources of Magnetization Contrasts......Page 268
7.2 Lithospheric Magnetization......Page 280
7.3 Summary......Page 289
8.0 Introduction......Page 291
8.1 Qualitative/Semi-Quantitative Methods......Page 292
8.2 Quantitative Methods, Forward Modeling......Page 296
8.3 Typical Magnetic Anomalies......Page 310
8.4 Horizontal Resolution......Page 316
8.5 Global Magnetization with A Priori Information......Page 319
8.6 Discussion......Page 328
9.1 Implications of the SEMM for Interpretation......Page 329
9.2 North America......Page 332
9.3 Africa......Page 355
9.4 Australia......Page 367
9.5 Europe......Page 372
9.6 Oceans......Page 386
9.7 Summary......Page 393
Appendix 9.1: References to Regional Studies......Page 396
Glossary of Symbols......Page 400
Common Abbreviations......Page 410
References......Page 412
Index......Page 434