The Knee and the Cruciate Ligaments: Anatomy Biomechanics Clinical Aspects Reconstruction Complications Rehabilitation

Front Matter....Pages I-XXIII
Terms, Definitions, and Glossaries....Pages 1-21
Historical and Current Perspectives in the Treatment of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Insufficiency....Pages 22-27
Front Matter....Pages 29-29
Surgical Anatomy of the Knee Joint....Pages 31-47
The Popliteus Muscle....Pages 48-61
Structural Molecules in Articular Cartilage, Tendons, and Ligaments....Pages 62-77
Functional Anatomy of the Cruciate Ligaments....Pages 78-91
Anatomy and Biomechanics of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament: A Three-Dimensional Problem....Pages 92-109
Significance of Anatomy and Biomechanics....Pages 110-119
Front Matter....Pages 121-121
OAK Knee Evaluation: A New Way to Assess Knee Ligament Injuries....Pages 123-133
Evaluation of Knee Ligament Injuries: The OAK and IKDC Forms....Pages 134-139
Front Matter....Pages 141-141
Diagnosis of Acute Tears of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament, and the Clinical Features of Chronic Anterior Instability....Pages 143-156
Pathomechanical and Clinical Concepts of the Pivot Shift Phenomenon....Pages 157-168
Anterior Subluxation in Knees with Chronic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Insufficiency: A Comparison of Arthrometry and Stressradiography....Pages 169-176
Our Current Technique of Stressradiography Near Extension....Pages 177-183
Anterior Subluxation in the Chronically Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Deficient Knee: Comparison of Simultaneous Arthrometry and Stressradiography Using the KT 1000....Pages 184-189
The Various Faces of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears During Arthroscopic Examination....Pages 190-192
New Imaging Techniques....Pages 193-195
The Drawer Simulator: A Practice-Oriented Training Device for Anteroposterior Stability Testing in the Knee....Pages 196-200
Morphology and Function of the Cruciate Ligaments in a Computer Simulation Model....Pages 201-214
Production of Mechanical Knee Models for Training....Pages 215-224
Front Matter....Pages 141-141
Femoropatellar Problems Associated with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Insufficiency....Pages 225-229
Classification of Meniscal Tears Associated with Lesions of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament....Pages 230-236
Natural History of Untreated Tears of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament....Pages 237-245
Natural History of Associated Intraarticular Pathology in the Chronic Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Deficient Knee....Pages 246-249
Aplasia of the Cruciate Ligaments....Pages 250-254
Front Matter....Pages 255-255
Healing Processes....Pages 257-261
Morphologic Ultrastructure of Repaired and Reconstructed Ligaments....Pages 262-265
Indications for the Operative and Conservative Treatment of Cruciate Ligament Injuries....Pages 266-269
Indications for Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Recapitulation....Pages 270-275
Front Matter....Pages 277-277
Treatment of Acute Tears....Pages 279-288
Primary Repair of Acute Ruptures....Pages 289-292
Late Results after Primary Repair....Pages 293-298
Avulsion Fractures of the Intercondylar Eminence in Adolescents: Pathophysiology, Case Material, and Late Results....Pages 299-306
Dislocation of the Knee....Pages 307-317
Front Matter....Pages 319-319
Instability of the Medial Collateral Ligament: Operative or Nonoperative Treatment?....Pages 321-324
Treatment of Combined Injuries of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Medial Collateral Ligament Complex....Pages 325-328
Meniscus Repairs....Pages 329-332
Meniscus Repair with Special Reference to Arthroscopic Technique....Pages 333-342
Open Meniscus Repair: Technique, Postoperative Treatment, and Results....Pages 343-354
Front Matter....Pages 355-355
Autologous or Allogeneic Reconstruction?....Pages 357-362
Front Matter....Pages 355-355
Arthroscopically Assisted Reconstruction of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament. Preoperative Planning: Two-Tunnel Technique....Pages 363-369
Reconstruction of the ACL with a Patellar Tendon Graft Based on the Infrapatellar Fat Pad: An Experimental Study in Animals....Pages 370-375
Use of the Semitendinosus Tendon for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction....Pages 376-383
Anterior Cruciate Reconstruction Through a Transligamentous Approach....Pages 384-388
Modification of the Clancy Patellar Tendon Reconstruction of the ACL: Analysis of Three-Year Results....Pages 389-400
Surgical Treatment of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Insufficiency: Comparison of Results of Repair, Primary Augmentation, and Reconstruction....Pages 401-411
Late Results after ACL Reconstruction with an Autologous Free Patellar Tendon Graft....Pages 412-415
Extraarticular Lateral Reconstructions....Pages 416-423
Front Matter....Pages 425-425
Kenneth Jones Technique of Arthroscopic Cruciate Reconstruction....Pages 427-436
Arthroscopically Assisted Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using a Free Patellar Tendon Graft....Pages 437-442
Arthroscopically Assisted ACL Reconstruction Using Autologous Quadriceps Tendon....Pages 443-451
Cruciate Reconstruction under Arthroscopic Control: Technique and Preliminary Results....Pages 452-459
Front Matter....Pages 461-461
Lateral and Posterolateral Rotatory Instability of the Knee....Pages 463-494
The Popliteus Tendon and Its Fascicles in the Popliteal Hiatus: Arthroscopic Functional Anatomy with and without ACL Insufficiency....Pages 495-502
Front Matter....Pages 503-503
Biomechanical Considerations....Pages 505-517
Current Status of Synthetic Ligament Reconstruction....Pages 518-531
Synthetic Augmentation of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repairs and Reconstructions....Pages 532-540
Front Matter....Pages 541-541
Instability-Related Osteoarthritis: Special Indications for Osteotomies in the Treatment of the Unstable Knee....Pages 543-567
Monopodal Weight-Bearing Radiography of the Chronically Unstable Knee....Pages 568-576
Role of Unicompartmental Arthroplasty in Femorotibial Osteoarthritis with a Deficient Central Pivot....Pages 577-585
Front Matter....Pages 587-587
Intra- and Postoperative Complications....Pages 589-600
Role of Arthroscopy in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Complications of ACL Reconstruction....Pages 601-604
Front Matter....Pages 605-605
Aspects of Rehabilitation in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Deficient Knee....Pages 607-612
Functional Rehabilitation after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction....Pages 613-618
Isokinetic Testing to Evaluate Quadriceps and Hamstring Strength after a Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair or Reconstruction....Pages 619-624
Front Matter....Pages 625-625
Rationale and Benefit of Treating Cruciate Ligament Lesions: The Payer’s Perspective....Pages 627-629
Future Outlook....Pages 630-631
Back Matter....Pages 633-637