The International Law of Environmental Impact Assessment: Process, Substance and Integration

Cover......Page 1
Half-title......Page 3
Series-title......Page 5
Title......Page 7
Copyright......Page 8
Contents......Page 9
Acknowledgments......Page 13
United States......Page 15
International courts and tribunals......Page 16
Treaties......Page 18
Other international instruments......Page 21
European Community documents......Page 22
Part I Introduction......Page 25
1.1 EIAs and the process and substance of international law......Page 27
1.2 Proceduralism, transnationalism and integration......Page 30
1.3 EIAs and compliance......Page 35
1.4 Overview......Page 38
1.5 Method......Page 40
Part II Background norms......Page 45
2.1 Introduction......Page 47
2.2 Elements of domestic EIA processes......Page 49
2.3 Domestic EIA structure: process and substance......Page 58
2.4 The roles of domestic EIA processes......Page 61
2.5 EIA in developing countries......Page 66
2.6 Application of domestic EIA beyond the state......Page 69
2.7 Conclusion......Page 75
3.1 Introduction......Page 78
3.2 Nondiscrimination......Page 79
3.3 The harm principle......Page 83
3.4 The duty to cooperate......Page 92
3.5 The proceduralization of the harm principle......Page 96
3.6 Sustainable development......Page 101
3.7 Conclusion......Page 106
Part III EIA commitments in international law......Page 109
4.1 Introduction......Page 111
4.2.1 Formally non-binding instruments......Page 114
4.2.2 MEAs as a source of international EIA......Page 120
4.2.3 EIA guideline documents......Page 129
4.3 International organizations......Page 132
4.4 EIA and interstate disputes......Page 135
4.5 Customary obligations to perform EIAs......Page 144
4.6 Elaboration of existing EIA commitments......Page 150
4.7 Conclusion......Page 153
5.1 Introduction......Page 156
5.2 Screening......Page 157
5.3 Scoping and the contents of EIA reports......Page 163
5.4 Notification and consultation......Page 165
5.5 Public participation......Page 170
5.6 Final decisions......Page 174
5.7 Post-project monitoring......Page 177
5.8 Strategic environmental assessment......Page 179
5.9 Implementation......Page 183
5.10.1 Determinants of international EIA commitments......Page 185
5.10.2 Structure of EIA commitments......Page 191
Part IV The role of EIA commitments in international law......Page 197
6.1 Introduction......Page 199
6.2 Implementation, compliance and effectiveness......Page 202
6.3.1 The managerial model......Page 206
6.3.2 Transnational legal process......Page 211
6.3.3 Legitimacy and compliance......Page 213
6.4.1 Transparency......Page 218
6.4.2 Participation......Page 220
6.4.3 Discursiveness......Page 222
6.5 EIAs as transnational legal processes......Page 224
6.6 Substantive values: normativity and context......Page 232
6.6.1 Standards and norms in EIA processes......Page 233
6.6.2 Context and EIAs......Page 236
6.6.3 Science as a normative influence......Page 240
6.7 Conclusion......Page 249
7.1 Introduction......Page 252
7.2 EIAs and interest-coordination......Page 253
7.3 EIAs and interest-transformation......Page 259
7.4 EIAs and legitimacy......Page 268
7.5 Conclusion......Page 275
Part V Conclusion......Page 279
8.1 Introduction......Page 281
8.2 Proceduralism, transnationalism and integration in international environmental governance......Page 282
8.3 Process-oriented approaches and EIAs......Page 291
8.4 Proceduralization as a form of governance......Page 295
8.5 The effectiveness of international EIA commitments......Page 298
8.6 Conclusion: an action-forcing mechanism for international environmental law......Page 303
Appendices......Page 305
General environmental principles......Page 307
Transboundary pollution......Page 308
Article 204 Monitoring of the risks or effects of pollution......Page 309
Article 13......Page 310
Article XI......Page 311
Article 16......Page 312
Article 17......Page 313
Article 9......Page 314
Article V......Page 315
Article 8......Page 316
Appendix 2 Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context (Espoo, 1991)......Page 318
Article 1 Definitions......Page 319
Article 2 General provisions......Page 320
Article 3 Notification......Page 321
Article 5 Consultations on the basis of the environmental impact assessment documentation......Page 322
Article 8 Bilateral and multilateral co-operation......Page 323
Article 11 Meeting of Parties......Page 324
Article 14 Amendments To The Convention......Page 325
Article 15 Settlement of disputes......Page 326
Article 17 Ratification, acceptance, approval and accession......Page 327
Appendix I List of activities......Page 328
Appendix III General criteria to assist in the determination of the environmental significance of activities not listed in Appendix I......Page 330
Appendix IV Inquiry procedure......Page 331
Appendix VII Arbitration......Page 332
Article 3 Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation......Page 333
Article 6 Circulation of information......Page 335
Article 8 Amendment or modification......Page 336
Bibliography......Page 337
Index......Page 351
Cambridge studies in international and comparative law......Page 357