The Great Transition: Political And Social Change In The Republic Of China

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ISBN 0-8179-8782-7
Contents
Preface
1 The Nationalist Regimein Perspective
	INTRODUCTION
	RETREAT TO TAIWAN
	THE KMT DEFEAT ON THE MAINLAND
	THE ROC POLITICAL SYSTEM
	THE PARTY SYSTEM
	TABLE 1.1 PARTY SYSTEMS IN THE THIRD WORLD
	POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT
2 Economic Development and Social Change
	ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
		Economic Policy
		Land Reform
		Industrialization and Structural Change
		Income and Living Standards
			TABLE 2.1 AVERAGE GROWTH RATES OF GNP, POPULATION, AND GNP PER CAPITA IN TAIWAN, 1953-1987
			SOCIAL STRATIFICATION AND SOCIAL CHANGE
			TABLE 2.2 SELECTED INDICES OF MODERN MATERIAL GOODS (1): POSSESSION PER 1,000 PERSONS IN TAIWAN, 1952-1985
			TABLE 2.3 SELECTED INDICES OF MODERN MATERIAL GOODS (2): POSSESSION PER 100 HOUSEHOLDS IN TAIWAN, 1976-1984
		The Impact of Modernization on Social Structure
			TABLE 2.4 EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS IN TAIWAN, 1953-1983 (IN THOUSANDS OF PERSONS AND AS A PERCENTAGE OF THE LABOR FORCE)
		Education
			TABLE 2.5 DEMAND FOR AND SUPPLY OF ENGINEERS WITH GRADUATE DEGREES, 1983-1984
		Ethnic Relations
			TABLE 2.6 ETHNICITY OF TAIWAN'S POLITICAL ELITE, 1987
	CONCLUSION
3 Interest Groups
	TYPES OF INTEREST GROUPS
		Farmers' Associations
		Irrigation Associations
		Trade Unions
		Commerce and Industry Associations
		Other Interest Groups
	POLITICAL ACTIVITIES
		Lobbying
		Official Concertation
		Electoral Participation
	THE KMT AND INTEREST GROUPS
	CONCLUSION
	TABLE 3.1 PERCENTAGE OF PARTY MEMBERS AMONG ELECTED OFFICERS IN THE FARMERS' ASSOCIATIONS, 1969 AND 1975
4 The Party System: The KMT and the Opposition
	THE RULING KUOMINTANG
		The Reorganization (1950-1952)
		Developments Since the Reorganization
		KMT Roles on Taiwan
	THE KMT'S ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
		The Party Chairman
		TABLE 4.1 KMT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
		The Central Standing Committee
		FIGURE 4.1 THE KMT CENTRAL ORGANIZATION
		TABLE 4.2 MEMBERS OF THE KMT CENTRAL STANDING COMMITTEE, AUGUST 1988
		Central Party Headquarters
		The Policy Coordination Committee
		Provincial and Local Party Organizations
		Membership
		TABLE 4.3  VOCATIONS OF KMT MEMBERS, 1986
		The Chinese Youth Anti-Communist League
		Party and Government
	THE POLITICAL OPPOSITION
		The Satellites
		Opposition Movements Before 1977
		The Opposition Since 1977
		Toward an Organized Opposition
		The Labor Party (Kungtang)
	CONCLUSION
5 The Government
	CONSTITUTIONAL ORDER
	THE TEMPORARY PROVISIONS AND MARTIAL LAW
	THE PRESIDENCY
		The President
		The Office of the President
		The Vice President
	THE EXECUTIVE YUAN
		FIGURE 5.1 STRUCTURE OF THE EXECUTIVE YUAN, THE PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT, AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
		The Premier and the Executive Yuan
		TABLE 5.1 PREVIOUS POSTS HELD BY THE PREMIERS, 1950 - 1988
		The Administrative Bureaucracy
		TABLE 5.2 MEMBERS OF THE EXECUTIVE YUAN, AUGUST 1988
		Economic Planning and Technocracy
		FIGURE 5.2 AGES OF BUREAUCRATS IN THE UPPER RANKS OF THE EXECUTIVE YUAN, 1980-1982
		TABLE 5.3 CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS REVIEWED BY THE CEPD, 1980-1985
		FIGURE 5.3 EVOLUTION OF ECONOMIC RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES, 1949-1988
	PROVINCIAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
		The Provincial Government
		Local Governments
		Problems of Local Administration
			TABLE 5.4  PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF REVENUES AND EXPENDITURES BY LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT, 1984
		The Central Government's Budget
			TABLE 5.5 ROC NET REVENUES AND EXPENDITURES, 1964-1986 (IN MILLIONS OF N.T. DOLLARS)
		Public Enterprises
	CONCLUSION
6 Representative Institutions
	THE LEGISLATIVE YUAN
		Floor Organization
		Background of the Legislators
		TABLE 6.1 COMPOSITION OF THE NATIONAL LEGISLATURES OF THE ROC, FEBRUARY 1988
		Factionalism in the Legislative Yuan
		FIGURE 6.1 NUMBER OF INTERPELLATIONS, 1971-1981
	THE CONTROL YUAN AND THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY
		The Control Yuan
		FIGURE 6.2  CONTROL YUAN TOTAL CASES, 1950-1984
		FIGURE 6.3 CONTROL YUAN IMPEACHMENT CASES, 1950-1984
		The Natioual Assembly
	THE TAIWAN PROVINCIAL ASSEMBLY
	CONCLUSION
7 Electoral Politics
	FACTIONALISM AND ELECTORAL POLITICS
		Characteristics of Factions
		The Social Base of Factionalism
		County- and City-Level Factions
		TABLE 7.1 FACTIONS IN TAIWAN'S CITIES AND COUNTIES, 1981
		TABLE 7.2 FACTIONS IN KAOHSIUNG COUNTY, 1986
	THE SELECTION OF CANDIDATES
		KMT Candidates
		The Tangwai and the DPP
		TABLE 7.3 CANDIDATES ENDORSED BY THE TANGWAI CAMPAIGN ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE, 1981  AND 1985
	ELECTION CAMPAIGNS
		Legal Regulatious
		The KMT's Election Campaign
		TABLE 7.4  SOURCES OF CAMPAIGN INFORMATION IN CHIAYI, 1972
		The Opposition Campaign
	VOTING BEHAVIOR AND ELECTION RESULTS
		National Supplementary Elections
		Elections for Provincial Assemblymen and County-Level Executives
		TABLE 7.5 NUMBER OF MEMBERS ELECTED TO THE LEGISLATIVE YUAN (WITH PERCENTAGE OF VOTES), 1972-1986
		TABLE 7.6 PROVINCIAL ASSEMBLY ELECTIONS, 1954-1985
		TABLE 7.7 ELECTIONS OF MAYORS AND MAGISTRATES IN TAIWAN, 1950-1986
		Subcounty Elections
		TABLE 7.8 ELECTIONS OF TAIPEI MUNICIPAL COUNCILMEN, 1968-1985
		TABLE 7.9 PARTISAN DISTRIBUTION IN SUBCOUNTY ELECTIONS, 1986
		Voting Behavior
	CONCLUSION
8 The Mass Media
	TYPES OF MAJOR MEDIA
		The Electronic Media
		Newspapers
		TABLE 8.1 MAJOR NEWSPAPERS IN TAIWAN, 1985
		Magazines
	THE KUOMINTANG AND THE MASS MEDIA
	LAWS AND REGULATIONS
		The Press and Other Printed Materials
		Press Ceusorship
		TABLE 8.2 PRESS CENSORSHIP IN TAIWAN, 1980-1986
		TABLE 8.3 A CONTROL ANALYSIS OF BANNED ARTICLES, JANUARY-JULY 1984
		The Electronic Media
	THE MEDIA AND PUBLIC COMMUNICATION
		TABLE 8.4  MASS MEDIA SOURCES OF CAMPAIGN INFORMATION, NOVEMBER 1980
	CONCLUSION
9 Foreign Relations and International Status: Challenges and Constraints
	INTERNATIONAL INVOLVEMENT AND FOREIGN RELATIONS
		Participation in International Organizations
		Diplomatic Relations
		Informal Relations
		TABLE 9.1 A CHRONICLE OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA
	U.S.-ROC RELATIONS
		Uncertainty and Dissociation
		The U.S.-ROC Alliance
		Alliauce in Transition: The Rapprochement Between Washington and Peking
		Relations Under the Reagan Adminstration
	THE CHALLENGES FROM PEKING'S UNIFICATION CAMPAIGNS
		Events Before 1978
		The PRC's Unification Proposals
		Unification Campaigns
	CONCLUSION
10  Conclusion
Appendix The Constitution of the Republic of China
	CHAPTER 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
	CHAPTER II. RIGHTS "AND DUTIES OF PEOPLE
	CHAPTER Ill. THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY
	CHAPTER IV. THE PRESIDENT
	CHAPTER V. ADMINISTRATION
	CHAPTER VI. LEGISLATION
	CHAPTER VII. JUDICIARY
	CHAPTER VIII. EXAMINATION
	CHAPTER X. POWERS OF THE CENTRAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
	CHAPTER XI. SYSTEM OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT
		Section 1. The Province
		Section 2. The Hsien
	CHAPTER XII. ELECTION, RECALL, INITIATIVE AND REFERENDUM
	CHAPTER XIII. FUNDAMENTAL NATIONAL POLICIES
		Section 1. National Defense
		Section 2. Foreign Policy
		Section 3. National Economy
		Section 4. Social Security
		Section 5. Education and Culture
		Section 6. Frontier Regions
	CHAPTER XIV. ENFORCEMENT AND AMENDMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION
	TEMPORARY PROVISIONS EFFECTIVE DURING THE PERIOD OF COMMUNIST REBELLION
	INTERPRETATION OF "TOTAL MEMBERSHIP OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY"
		Reasons for the Interpretation
Notes
	CHAPTER 2
	CHAPTER 3
	CHAPTER 4
	CHAPTER 5
	CHAPTER 6
	CHAPTER 7
	CHAPTER 9
Abbreviations
Bibliography
Index
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