The Global And Social Consequences Of The COVID-19 Pandemic: An Ethical And Philosophical Reflection

Contents
About the Editor and Contributors
About the Editor
About the Conributors
Chapter 1: Introduction: The Global and Social Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic – Ethical and Philosophical Reflections
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 Vulnerability and the Pandemic
	1.3 Social, Economic and Political Consequences After the COVID 19 Pandemic
	1.4 Global Crisis, Global Justice
	1.5 About the Chapters in This Book
	References
Part I: Reflections on Pandemic Policies
	Chapter 2: The COVID-19 Pandemic as a Severe Scarcity Condition: Testing the Tenacity of Ideal Theories of Justice
		2.1 The COVID-19 Pandemic: First Impressions
		2.2 Circumstances of Justice and Conditions of Scarcity
		2.3 Scarcity Conditions and Their Implications for Inner Conditions
		2.4 Moral Considerations and the Scope of Justice
		References
	Chapter 3: Ethical Responses to COVID Pandemic: Compassion, Solidarity, and Justice
		3.1 Introduction
		3.2 Virtue Ethics
		3.3 Applying Three Core Virtues
			3.3.1 Compassion
			3.3.2 Solidarity
			3.3.3 Justice
		3.4 Discussion and Implications
		References
	Chapter 4: COVID-19 and Intergenerational Justice: The Case of Denmark
		4.1 Introduction
		4.2 Precaution and Prioritization of Risks
		4.3 Did the Lockdown Policies Lead to More Lives Being Saved and to More Health Overall?
		4.4 Short- and Long-Term Effects of School Closures
		4.5 COVID-19 and Intergenerational Injustice
		4.6 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 5: Pandemic, Democracy, and Freedom
		5.1 Introduction
		5.2 Worries About the State of Democracy
		5.3 Deliberative Democracy and the Centrality of Freedom
		5.4 Disproportionate Effects of COVID-19
		5.5 The COVID-19 Pandemic as a Disclosure of Deficiencies of Democracy
		5.6 Conclusion
		References
Part II: Reflections on Work and Economy
	Chapter 6: The Sounds of Silence: Inequality after Covid-19, Missing Justifications, and Three Scenarios for a Post-Covid Political Economy
		6.1 Introduction
		6.2 The Return of the State?
		6.3 Economic Effects of the Crisis
		6.4 Whence the Rising Inequalities? Path Dependency
		6.5 Dynamics of the Narrative of “Justification”
		6.6 How “Political” Is the Rising Inequality?
		6.7 Corona and the Missing Legitimations: The Narrative of Silence
		References
	Chapter 7: Relationalities of Precarity and Invisibility: Reflections on the Vulnerability of the Informal Workforce in India in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic
		7.1 Introduction
		7.2 Precarious Labour and Invisible Bodies
		7.3 The Informal Workforce in India and the Covid-19 Pandemic
		7.4 Social Invisibility and the Precariousness of Existence
		7.5 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 8: Recognition, Employment and the Social Crisis in Times of COVID-19 and Beyond
		8.1 Introduction
		8.2 Recognition and Employment
		8.3 Recognition, Money and the “Everyday Heroes”
		8.4 Recognition, Unemployment and Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic
		8.5 Conflicts, Struggles for Recognition and Solutions that Benefit Everyone
		8.6 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 9: COVID-19 and Social Injustice
		9.1 Introduction
		9.2 Misfortune Vs. Injustice
		9.3 What Is Social Injustice?
		9.4 The Global Injustice of COVID-19: Poverty
		9.5 The Global Injustice of COVID-19: Vulnerable Groups
		9.6 The Global Injustice of COVID-19: Ethnic Minorities
		9.7 The Way Forward
		9.8 Conclusion
		References
Part III: Reflections on the Situation of Women, Families and Children
	Chapter 10: COVID-19, Care Ethics, and Vulnerability
		10.1 COVID-19: Responses and Trade-Offs
		10.2 Units of Moral Concern
		10.3 What I Talk About When I Talk About Care
		10.4 Care Ethics
		10.5 Universal Policies and Individual Actions
		10.6 Autonomy, Variation in Values, and Making People Change
		10.7 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 11: So Close, So Far: Sexual and Reproductive Rights in the COVID-19 Era
		11.1 Sexual and Reproductive Rights in Times of Pandemic: A Luxury or a Right?
		11.2 Theoretical Framework: Intersectionality and Obstetric Violence in Syndemic
		11.3 Abortion in Times of Coronavirus
		11.4 Childbirth and Lactation in Times of Coronavirus
		11.5 Conclusions: COVID-19 as an Opportunity to Improve Sexual and Reproductive Rights
		References
	Chapter 12: The Rights of Children of Prisoners During a Pandemic: A Case for Early Release of Imprisoned Parents?
		12.1 Introduction
		12.2 The Harms of Parental Imprisonment
		12.3 The Consequences of the Covid-19 Pandemic for the Children and Families of Prisoners
		12.4 The Case for Early-Release of Imprisoned Parents
		12.5 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 13: Meeting the Educational Needs of Every Child – A Malaysian Perspective
		13.1 Introduction
		13.2 Overview of Education in Malaysia
		13.3 The Malaysian Context
		13.4 Learning During and After COVID-19
		13.5 Discussion
		13.6 Reflection
		References
	Chapter 14: Family in Crisis? Family Models as an Ethical-Theological Challenge
		14.1 Introduction
		14.2 Family as a Way of Life
		14.3 Family as a Place of Refuge
		14.4 Family as a Trouble Spot
		14.5 Family as a Phenomenon
		14.6 Family as a Model
		14.7 Family as an Opportunity
		References
Part IV: Reflections on Migration
	Chapter 15: Principles of Ethical Recruitment of Global Nurses in a Bilateral Labor Agreement – A Rawlsian Contract Approach
		15.1 Introduction
		15.2 A Rawlsian Contract Approach to Bilateral Labor Agreement
		15.3 The Principle of Equal Liberty
		15.4 Principle on Democratic Equality
		15.5 The Principle of Fair Equality of Opportunity
			15.5.1 Fair Remuneration of Work
			15.5.2 Health and Other Social Protection Support
		15.6 Fair Recruitment Model
		15.7 Joint Monitoring and Reporting Mechanism
		15.8 The Difference Principle
		15.9 Feasibility Test of BLAs in the Midst of Pandemic
		References
	Chapter 16: Power, Vulnerability, and the Effects of COVID-19 on Migrants Held by the Detention Industry in the United States
		16.1 Introduction
		16.2 Challenges to the Human Rights of Migrants Held by the Detention Industry
			16.2.1 International Legal Standards on the Protection of the Human Rights of Migrants Deprived of Liberty and the Criminalization of Migration
			16.2.2 The Migrant Detention Industry
			16.2.3 The Cruel Pedagogy of the Virus
		16.3 Vulnerability: A Framework to Understand the Injustices Faced by Migrants Held by the Detention Industry in Times of COVID-19?
			16.3.1 The Concept of Vulnerability and Injustices Faced by Migrants Deprived of Liberty
			16.3.2 Hegemonic Conceptions on the Subordination of the Other: People on the Move and Forced Immobility in Times of COVID-19
		16.4 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 17: Filling the Gaps: Policy Mismatches, Community Responses, and Refugee Livelihoods During a Global Pandemic
		17.1 Introduction
		17.2 Policy: National- and State-Level Structures of Social Protections
		17.3 Community: Refugee Women’s Livelihoods During a Global Pandemic
		17.4 Gaps: Mismatches Between Policy and Lived Experiences
		17.5 Livelihoods: Outlooks Beyond the Pandemic
		17.6 Conclusion
		References
Part V: Epilogue
	Chapter 18: Epilogue: Reflections
	Chapter 19: Addendum: October 2021
		References
	Chapter 20: Democracy, Indifference and COVID-19
		Reference
	Chapter 21: Returning to Reflect the State of Democracy During an Extended Pandemic
	Chapter 22: Vaccine Inequality as Injustice: Undocumented Migrants and Access to Vaccination in the European Union
		References
	Chapter 23: Is Vaccine Hoarding a Type of Violence?
		References
	Chapter 24: Epilogue: The View from Malaysia
		References
	Chapter 25: The Pandemic as a Test Case: Bilateral Labor Agreements
	Chapter 26: Reflections on Migrants in Privatized Detention in the United States and the Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic
		References