The Future of Solar Power

Contents
Preface
Chapter 1
The Assessment of a Solar Parabolic Trough Facility for Power Generation in  Tropical Climates
	Abstract
	Nomenclature
	Abbreviations
	Greek Symbols
	1. Introduction
	2. Methodological Approach
		2.1. Design Equations and Fundamentals
		2.2. Design of the Solar Field
		2.3. Design of the Power Block
		2.4. The Operational Principle and Experimental Procedure
		2.5. Measuring Instrumentations and Error Analysis
	3. Results and Discussion
		3.1. Potential Weather Assessment
		3.2. Analysis of the PRC Thermal Performance
		3.3. Analysis of the PTC Thermal Performance
		3.4. Analysis of Standalone PTC Facility
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 2
A Supplemental Solar Power System  for Future Aircraft:  Challenges and Opportunities
	Abstract
	1. Introduction: Photovoltaics in Aeronautical Applications.  A Brief Review on PV Applications in Flying Vehicles
	2.  Challenges to Introducing Photovoltaics in  Passenger Aircraft
		2.1. Safety and Certification
		2.2. Standardization
		2.3. Aircraft Operation
		2.4.  Aircraft are Designed for a Large Customer Base Rather Than Optimized Operation
		2.5.  Structural Integration and Maintainability
		2.6.  Integration into the Aircraft Power System Architecture
			Section Summary
	3. A Conceptual Design Framework for Aircraft  Featuring a Supplemental Solar Power System
		3.1.  The Supplemental Solar Power System Concept
		3.2.  Conceptual Design Framework for Aircraft Featuring an SPS
			3.2.1.  Aircraft Geometry and Usable Area  for Solar Array Installation
			3.2.2.  Solar Cell Technology and Assumptions about  Power Conversion Equipment
			3.2.3.  Absorbed Radiation Estimation (Module 1)
			3.2.4. Effect  of Flight Mission Pattern on Life-Cycle Power Yield  of the Solar Power System (Module 2)
	4. Which  Aircraft Would Most Likely Benefit  from a Supplemental Solar Power System?
		4.1. Installed  Power to Weight Ratio of the SPS
		4.2. Usable Power Ratio
			4.2.1.  Aircraft Configuration Impact on Power Usage
			4.2.2.  Mission Pattern Analysis of Regional Aircraft and Impact on Solar Power Yield
				Section Conclusion
	5. Solar- Powered Air-Conditioning System for Aircraft
	Conclusion
	Acknowledgments
	References
Chapter 3
Modeling, Conceptualizing, and Sizing Approach of Solar Farms for Powering of Drinking Water Supply and Irrigation Systems in Rural Zones: A Case Study from Tunisia
	Abstract
	1. Introduction
	2. Conceptualization and Sizing of the Project Solar  Energy-Based Irrigation System
		2.1. Model Sections for Calculating the Consumer  Water Requirement
		2.2. Water Required for the Irrigation Network
		2.3. Water Required for the Industrial Sectors
		2.4. Water Required for the Domestic Sector
		2.5. Model Part for Calculating the Energy Required to Compensate Drop Pressure
		2.6. Design and Size the Solar Energy Farm  with Photovoltaic Technology
	3. Case Study from Tunisia
		3.1. Conception and Sizing of a Solar Power Farm
		3.2. Geographical, Demographical, and Water Consumption Characteristics in the Project Area
		3.3. Hydraulic and Energetic Characteristics of the Drinking  Water Network
	Conclusion
	Acknowledgments
	References
Chapter 4
State-of-the-Art Analysis Methods of Solar Vortex Power Generation Technology
	Abstract
	Abbreviations
	1. Introduction
	2. Solar Vortex Power Generation Systems Considered  in Past Studies
	3. Analysis Methods
		3.1. Experimental Studies
		3.2. CFD Simulations
		3.3. Mathematical Models
	4. Recommendations for Further Analysis Methods to Study SVPG Systems
	5. Turbine Unit Type and Location
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 5
Comparative Evaluation of Computational Simulations of Solar Chimneys
	Abstract
	1. Introduction
	2. Solar Chimney as an Energy Production Alternative
	3. CFD Roles in the SCPP Research and Development
		3.1. Targets of Computational Investigations of SCPP
		3.2. Design Optimization by CFD
		3.3. CFD Analysis Using Thermal Storage Enhancement
		3.4. Turbine Configuration and Pressure Drop by CFD
		3.5. Ambient Domain Influence on the Simulation Accuracy
		3.6. Hybrid Solar Chimney Simulation
	4. Modeling of the SCPP in Computational Simulations
		4.1. Two- and Three-Dimensional Modelling
		4.2. Steady-State and Transient Modelling
		4.3. Solar Radiation Modelling
		4.4. Turbulence Modelling
		4.5. Computational Domain
		4.6. Modeling of the Turbine Component
	5. Simulations of the SCPP’s Collector
		5.1. Enhanced Collectors by Design Modifications
		5.2. Integrated Collectors with Thermal Energy Storage
	6. Simulations of the SCPPs’ Tower
	7. Simulations of Multi-Function SCPP
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 6
Thin-Film Solar Cells for Vehicle  Integrated Photovoltaic Technology:  Integration Challenges and  Opportunities in Hybrid Vehicles
	Abstract
	1. Introduction
		1.1. An Overview of the Current Scenario
		1.2. Importance of EV and the Aspects in Developing Economies
		1.3. Modes of Energy Generation in Hybrid Passenger Vehicles
		1.4. Hybridization in Vehicles
	2. The Significant Scope of Energy Generation and Recovery  in Hybrid Passenger Vehicles
		2.1. Kinetic Energy Recovery System/Regenerative Braking Technology (RBT)
		2.2. Energy Generation from Semiconductors
	3. Vehicle Integrated Photovoltaics
		3.1. Solar Powered Race Cars
		3.2. Solar Assisted Passenger Electric Vehicle
		3.3. Scope of SAPEV Energy Generation in German  Geographical Conditions
		3.4. Scope of SAPEV Energy Generation in South Asian Countries
	4. Advanced Semiconductors for VIPV Technology
	5. Computational Techniques Suited to Analyze  VIPV Technology
		5.1. MATLAB Simulink
		5.2. Transient Simulation Systems - TRNSYS
		5.3. PVsyst
		5.4. Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables – HOMER
		5.5. Geographical Information Systems (GIS)
	6. Limitations of Current Energy Generation  and Recovery Methods
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 7
The Transition of Solar Thermal Energy  in Recent Years and Future Directions  for Industrial Utilization
	Abstract
	1. Introduction
	2. Potential of Solar Energy for Water Heating
		2.1. Solar Thermal Collectors (STCs)
		2.2. Application of STCs in Industrial Processes
		2.3. Types of Solar Thermal Collectors
	3. Performance Assessment of STCs
		3.1. Thermal or Energy Efficiency of STCs
		3.2. Exergy Efficiency of STCs
		3.3. Economic Analysis of Solar Thermal Collectors
	4. Recent Advancements in Solar Thermal Collectors
		4.1. Heat Transfer Fluids for Solar Thermal Collectors
	5. Nano-Enhanced Heat Transfer Fluids
	6. Prospects of Solar Thermal Energy
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 8
Solar Thermal Energy Storage: Materials, Heat Transfer Analysis and Applications
	Abstract
	1. Introduction
	2. Solar Thermal Technologies
	3. Classification and Characteristics of Thermal  Storage Systems
		3.1. Sensible Heat Storage
		3.2. Storage of Water Tanks
		3.3. Underground Thermal Storage (UTS)
		3.4. Packed-Bed Storage
		3.5. Latent-Heat or Phase-Change Storage
			3.5.1. Measurements and Capacity Prediction of PCM
			3.5.2. Proprieties of PCMs
		3.6. Organic Phase Change Materials Storage
		3.7. Inorganic PCMs
			3.7.1. Salt Hydrate
			3.7.2. Metallic
		3.8. Eutectics
		3.9. PCM Containment
		3.10. Thermal Properties of Various PCMs
	4. Energy Storage in Buildings
		4.1. Passive Solar Thermal Storage in Buildings
		4.2. Active Solar Thermal Storage in Buildings
	5. Thermal Energy Storage for Concentrated Solar Power Plants
	6. Chemical Energy Storage
	7. Cooling Thermal Energy Storage (CTES)
	8. Performance and Cost of TES Systems
	Conclusion
	References
Index
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