The Future of Gender

Half-title......Page 3
Title......Page 5
Copyright......Page 6
Contents......Page 7
Figure......Page 9
Tables......Page 10
Contributors......Page 11
Acknowledgements......Page 12
Introduction......Page 13
Structure of the book......Page 15
Part I: Reorienting the feminist imagination......Page 16
Part II: Variations on the theme of gender......Page 19
Part III: Gender and political practice......Page 23
Part I Reorienting the feminist imagination......Page 27
1 Mapping the feminist imagination From redistribution to recognition to representation......Page 29
Historicizing second-wave feminism......Page 30
Engendering social democracy: a critique of economism......Page 32
From redistribution to recognition: the unhappy marriage of culturalism and neoliberalism......Page 34
Geographies of recognition: post-communism, post-colonialism and the Third Way......Page 36
US gender politics, post-9/11......Page 37
Evangelicalism: a neoliberal technology of the self......Page 39
Reframing feminism: a trans-national politics of representation......Page 41
References......Page 44
2 Perspectives on gender equality Challenging the terms of debate......Page 47
Equality and inequality today......Page 49
‘Common sense’ and feminist critiques......Page 51
Gender equality in context......Page 53
Inequality in the private sphere......Page 54
The partiality of male perspectives......Page 56
Equality in an unequal society......Page 59
A non-patriarchal approach to equality......Page 60
References......Page 64
The question of gender justice......Page 66
Conceptualising gender......Page 68
Gender justice and capabilities......Page 72
Three principles of gender justice......Page 77
Conclusions......Page 82
References......Page 84
Part II Variations on the theme of gender......Page 87
4 Does biology play any role in sex differences in the mind?......Page 89
Systemizing and empathizing......Page 90
The main brain types......Page 91
The female brain: empathizing......Page 92
The male brain: systemizing......Page 95
Autism: an extreme form of the male brain......Page 98
Evidence for the extreme male brain theory......Page 100
Conclusions......Page 103
References......Page 105
Standard opposition between sex and gender......Page 110
Feminists on the social contract and the sexual contract......Page 112
Evolutionary psychology on the variety of mating patterns in nature: parental investment and sexual selection......Page 114
Human sexuality, and the rarity and instability of social monogamy in nature......Page 117
Cultural support of social monogamy......Page 119
Evolutionary psychology on the sexual contract and the social contract......Page 120
References......Page 126
6 ‘Trans’ trouble Trans-sexuality and the end of gender......Page 128
Identity......Page 130
Reproduction......Page 133
Sex......Page 136
Sexuality/ies......Page 139
Gender......Page 140
Conclusions......Page 143
References......Page 144
7 Gender and social change......Page 148
Some problems of gender......Page 149
Ontology......Page 153
Social positions and relations......Page 156
Internal relations......Page 157
Systems and collectivities......Page 158
Social being as process......Page 159
Theorising gender......Page 162
Personal identities......Page 165
Overview......Page 166
The possibility of emancipatory practice......Page 167
Social transformation and the good society......Page 168
Conclusions......Page 171
References......Page 172
Gender, sexual difference and demographic change......Page 175
Feminism and fertility decline: a brief recent history......Page 176
Lateral relations and child-free femininity......Page 177
Non-procreative gender......Page 179
The concept of 'gender'......Page 180
Sexual difference and The Feminine Mystique......Page 182
Women, war and work: World War II and the 1968 Ford women machinists' strike......Page 184
Sisterhood is always present......Page 185
Reproduction and sexuality: social Darwinism again......Page 187
Psychoanalysis: reproduction and sexuality......Page 188
Vertical paradigms......Page 189
Horizontal possibilities......Page 190
Siblingsa rite de passage......Page 191
Child childcare......Page 193
Lateral equalities......Page 196
References......Page 199
Part III Gender and political practice......Page 201
New feminist myths......Page 203
Preference theory......Page 206
Three lifestyle preference groups......Page 211
Contextual factors......Page 218
Theoretical implications of female diversity......Page 221
The essentialist critique......Page 225
The problem of genuine choices......Page 229
Implications for state policy......Page 232
References......Page 234
10 Gender inequality and the gendered division of labour......Page 240
Choice and 'preference'......Page 242
Women's employment and welfare states......Page 248
Changes in employment......Page 252
Conclusions......Page 256
References......Page 258
11 The principle of equal treatment and gender Theory and practice......Page 262
A note on 'gender'......Page 264
The Equal Treatment Principle translated into practice: sex equality and sex discrimination laws......Page 265
1970 Equal Pay Act (EqPA)......Page 266
1975 Sex Discrimination Act (SDA)......Page 273
The equal treatment principle translated into practice: specific rights......Page 275
Conclusions......Page 287
References......Page 288
Index......Page 292