The Fourth Industrial Revolution: What does it mean for Australian Industry?

cover
Preface
Quote
Acknowledgement
Contents
Contributors
About the Editors
Editors and Contributors
978-981-16-1614-3_BookFrontMatter
Chapter 1: Introduction
	Introduction
	What Is the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR)?
	What Are the 4IR Transforming Technologies?
		Are All Jobs and Sectors Equally Affected by Technological Change?
	The Intersection of Structural Changes and the 4IR
	Impact of the 4IR on Work, Skills and Occupations
		Ongoing Structural Change in Australia
	Positioning Australia in the Global Context of the 4IR
	The Framework for Evaluating the 4IR
	The Research Method
	The Organisation of the Book
	References
Chapter 2: Agriculture, Construction & Mining
	Introduction
	Industry Overview, Key Technologies & Employment Impacts
	Construction
		Key Technologies
		Employment Impacts
	Mining
		Key Technologies
		Employment Impacts
		Key Technologies
		Employment Impacts
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 3: Manufacturing
	Introduction
		How Did We Get Here?
	Industry Overview
	Key Technologies
		Industry 4.0 and Resurgent Manufacturing
	Employment Impact
		Pre-COVID
		Rise and Fall of the Two-Speed Economy – Beyond the Resources Curse?
	Fourth Industrial Revolution Implications
	Fourth Industrial Revolution and Advanced Manufacturing in Australia
		Post-COVID
	Challenges & Opportunities
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 4: Retail Sector
	Introduction
	Industry Overview
	Changing Retail Sector Supply Chains
	The Retail Sector Workforce
	Key New Retail Technologies
		Case 4.1: Retailers’ Perspectives
		Case 4.2: Union Perspectives
	Employment Impacts, Challenges & Opportunities
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 5: Accommodation & Food Services
	Introduction
	Industry Overview
		Employment Trends
		Labour Market Challenges
	Key Technologies
	Employment Impacts
		Innovation Landscape
		Education and Skills Landscapes
		Employment Landscape
	Challenges & Opportunities
		COVID-19 and Beyond
		4IR as a Way Forward
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 6: Transport and Logistics
	Introduction
	Industry Overview
	Key Technologies and Skills Impact
	Australian Case Studies
		The Victorian Public Transport Rolling Stock Sector
		Australian Container Terminals
			The Patrick Model
			The DP-World Australia Model
			The VICT Model
	Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 7: Arts and Communications
	Introduction
	Industry Overview
	AI Technologies & their Employment Impact
		Automated Advertising
		AI Automated News Journalism
		Artificial Intelligence and Screen Production
		AI and Libraries, Authorship, Music and Literary Rights Management
		AI and TV Production
	Challenges & Opportunities
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 8: Financial and Insurance Services
	Introduction
	Industry Overview
		Workforce Characteristics & Trends
		Australian Government’s Policies on AI in Finance and Insurance Services
	Key Technologies
		AI Aided Customers and Self-Service
		AI and Lending Decisions
		AI – Deposits and Payments
		AI and Credit Card Fraud
		Business Planning
	Employment Impact
	Challenges & Opportunities
		Impact on the Sector Due to COVID-19
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 9: Local Government
	Introduction
	Industry Overview
		Jobs, Occupations, and Skills in Local Government
	Key Technologies
		Employment Impacts
		Case Studies in Local Government & Employment Impacts
			Australian Local Government Association Report Local Government Workforce and Future Skills Report Australia (ALGA 2018b)
			2016 Federal Government Smart Cities Program
			Australian Services Union Submission to the Human Rights Commission Inquiry into Artificial Intelligence (2019)
			Local Government Libraries
	Challenges & Opportunities
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 10: Higher Education
	Introduction
		IT Infrastructure Improvements for Online Education
		Online Courses Need Educational Support
		Students May Face Difficulties with Online Courses
	4IR and Higher Education
	Key Technologies & Applications
		Global Trends
	Australian AI Applications
	Models of AIEd in Specific HE Functions
		Pedagogy/Andragogy
		Teaching Efficiency
	Employment Impact
		Lecturer Competencies
		Learner Preparedness
		Learning Styles
		Teaching and Learning
		Assessment
		Ethics
	Challenges & Opportunities
	Conclusion
	Future Challenges
	References
Chapter 11: Healthcare
	Introduction
	Industry Overview
	Key Technologies
		Medical Applications
		Nursing & Allied Healthcare Applications
	Employment Impact
	Challenges & Opportunities
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 12: Utilities
	Introduction
	Industry Overview
	Employment Impact
	Key Technologies
		Energy
		Water, Oil, and Gas
	Challenges and Opportunities
		Lack of Talent and Appropriate Training
		Cyber-Physical Attacks
		Security
		Artificial Intelligence, Privacy, and Ethics
		Social Responsibility
		Electric Vehicles and Distributed Energy Resources
		An Open Utility Market
	Marching Into the Post-pandemic era
		Redesign Workflows to Minimise Human Contacts
		Contact Tracing
		Shifting Utility Demand under COVID-19
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 13: Conclusion and Comparisons
	Revisiting the Purpose of the Book
	Technological Changes and Challenges in the Production Sectors
	Technological Changes and Challenges in the Services Sectors
	Implications for Governments and Industry
	In Search of a National Technology Policy
	Industry Strategies
	Conclusion
	Appendix 13.1: Summary of Chapter Findings
	References
Glossary
	Acronyms
	Definitions